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Liu, Xiaojuan; Trogisch, Stefan; He, Jin-Sheng; Niklaus, Pascal A; Bruelheide, Helge; Tang, Zhiyao; Erfmeier, Alexandra; Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael; Pietsch, Katherina A; Yang, Bo; Kühn, Peter; Scholten, Thomas; Huang, Yuanyuan; Wang, Chao; Staab, Michael; Leppert, Katrin N; Wirth, Christian; Schmid, Bernhard; Ma, Keping
Proceedings - Royal Society. Biological sciences/Proceedings - Royal Society. Biological Sciences, 08/2018, Volume: 285, Issue: 1885Journal Article
Forest ecosystems are an integral component of the global carbon cycle as they take up and release large amounts of C over short time periods (C flux) or accumulate it over longer time periods (C stock). However, there remains uncertainty about whether and in which direction C fluxes and in particular C stocks may differ between forests of high versus low species richness. Based on a comprehensive dataset derived from field-based measurements, we tested the effect of species richness (3-20 tree species) and stand age (22-116 years) on six compartments of above- and below-ground C stocks and four components of C fluxes in subtropical forests in southeast China. Across forest stands, total C stock was 149 ± 12 Mg ha with richness explaining 28.5% and age explaining 29.4% of variation in this measure. Species-rich stands had higher C stocks and fluxes than stands with low richness; and, in addition, old stands had higher C stocks than young ones. Overall, for each additional tree species, the total C stock increased by 6.4%. Our results provide comprehensive evidence for diversity-mediated above- and below-ground C sequestration in species-rich subtropical forests in southeast China. Therefore, afforestation policies in this region and elsewhere should consider a change from the current focus on monocultures to multi-species plantations to increase C fixation and thus slow increasing atmospheric CO concentrations and global warming.
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