The sliding contact between the finger and the surface of an object generates vibrations that propagate into the skin and activate the mechanoreceptors. The characteristics of the vibrating signals give information about the texture features, affecting the tactile perception. Previous studies have focused on the relation between the physical characteristics of the surfaces and the detected signals. This study investigates the direct correlation between contact-induced vibrations and tactile perception of textures. Two sets of samples were investigated: periodic samples and isotropic samples. Within the same set, each sample exhibits a clearly distinct surface roughness relative to one another. Sensory tests were conducted with blind people to evaluate the tactile discrimination of the samples as a function of roughness. The analysis of the Root Mean Square of the acceleration and the acceleration spectra obtained for the different samples, allowed explaining the mismatch between the actual roughness of the samples and the roughness perceived by the subjects, which is directly related to the induced vibrations. •Tribological and sensory tests developed on periodic and isotropic surfaces.•Sensory tests on blind people to evaluate the tactile discrimination of textures.•The perceived roughness differs from the effective surface roughness of textures.•Friction-induced vibrations influence the individual perception of roughness.•Friction-induced vibrations allows objective indexes for perception of textures.