Pottie et al discuss the clinical guideline for homeless and vulnerably housed people, and people with lived homelessness experience. Homelessness encompasses all individuals without stable, permanent and acceptable housing, or lacking the immediate prospect, means and ability of acquiring it. Clinical assessment and care of homeless and vulnerably housed populations should include tailoring approaches to a person's gender, age, Indigenous heritage, ethnicity and history of trauma; and advocacy for comprehensive primary health care. As initial steps in the care of homeless and vulnerably housed populations, permanent supportive housing is strongly recommended, and income assistance is also recommended. Case-management interventions, with access to psychiatric support, are recommended as an initial step to support primary care and to address existing mental health, substance use and other morbidities.