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Ruggeri, Loredana; Capanni, Marusca; Urbani, Elena; Perruccio, Katia; Shlomchik, Warren D.; Tosti, Antonella; Posati, Sabrina; Rogaia, Daniela; Frassoni, Francesco; Aversa, Franco; Martelli, Massimo F.; Velardi, Andrea
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 03/2002, Volume: 295, Issue: 5562Journal Article
T cells that accompany allogeneic hematopoietic grafts for treating leukemia enhance engraftment and mediate the graft-versus-leukemia effect. Unfortunately, alloreactive T cells also cause graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). T cell depletion prevents GVHD but increases the risk of graft rejection and leukemic relapse. In human transplants, we show that donor-versus-recipient natural killer (NK)-cell alloreactivity could eliminate leukemia relapse and graft rejection and protect patients against GVHD. In mice, the pretransplant infusion of alloreactive NK cells obviated the need for high-intensity conditioning and reduced GVHD. NK cell alloreactivity may thus provide a powerful tool for enhancing the efficacy and safety of allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation.
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