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Rha, Min-Seok; Jeong, Hye Won; Ko, Jae-Hoon; Choi, Seong Jin; Seo, In-Ho; Lee, Jeong Seok; Sa, Moa; Kim, A Reum; Joo, Eun-Jeong; Ahn, Jin Young; Kim, Jung Ho; Song, Kyoung-Ho; Kim, Eu Suk; Oh, Dong Hyun; Ahn, Mi Young; Choi, Hee Kyoung; Jeon, Ji Hoon; Choi, Jae-Phil; Kim, Hong Bin; Kim, Young Keun; Park, Su-Hyung; Choi, Won Suk; Choi, Jun Yong; Peck, Kyong Ran; Shin, Eui-Cheol
Immunity (Cambridge, Mass.), 01/2021, Volume: 54, Issue: 1Journal Article
Memory T cell responses have been demonstrated in COVID-19 convalescents, but ex vivo phenotypes of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells have been unclear. We detected SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells by MHC class I multimer staining and examined their phenotypes and functions in acute and convalescent COVID-19. Multimer+ cells exhibited early differentiated effector-memory phenotypes in the early convalescent phase. The frequency of stem-like memory cells was increased among multimer+ cells in the late convalescent phase. Cytokine secretion assays combined with MHC class I multimer staining revealed that the proportion of interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-producing cells was significantly lower among SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells than those specific to influenza A virus. Importantly, the proportion of IFN-γ-producing cells was higher in PD-1+ cells than PD-1− cells among multimer+ cells, indicating that PD-1-expressing, SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells are not exhausted, but functional. Our current findings provide information for understanding of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells elicited by infection or vaccination. Display omitted •SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells are effector memory cells in convalescents•CCR7+CD45RA+ cells are increased among SARS-CoV-2-specific cells in the late phase•SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells have fewer IFN-γ+ cells than flu-specific cells•PD-1-expressing SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells are not exhausted but functional T cell responses have been demonstrated in COVID-19 patients, but ex vivo phenotypes and functions of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells remain unclear. Rha et al. examined SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells in acute and convalescent COVID-19 patients using MHC class I multimers, finding that PD-1-expressing SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cells are not exhausted but functional.
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