E-resources
Peer reviewed
-
Furlong, Andrew J.; Haelssig, Jan B.; Pegg, Michael J.
Combustion and flame, March 2023, 2023-03-00, Volume: 249Journal Article
In this work, pillar candles are examined with eight varieties of candle wick having lengths from 1.0 mm to 19.5 mm and diameters from 1.4 mm to 3.2 mm using paraffin wax, beeswax, and soy wax as fuels. Experiments were undertaken to measure burning rate, flame height, flame width, and melt pool diameter using video and gravimetric analysis. Several properties of candle waxes were examined to understand their impact on burning rates and flame shapes. A model is proposed using the Spalding B-number with a novel wick efficiency model for burning rate accurate to ± 1.7 g/h (± 46%). The selection of wick was observed to have a strong impact on the burning rate of the candle flame. The Roper model for diffusion flames was found to provide a suitable estimate for the upper limit of flame lengths, and with the modification proposed in this work it can be used to predict candle flame lengths to within ± 10.4 mm. The width of candle flames was modelled using the Froude number and wax vapour specific gravity and was found to be accurate to within ± 1.69 mm (± 38%). The wick selection had no significant impact on the flame length or width external to its impact on burning rates. A numerical model for the diameter of the wax melt pool of a candle is presented and can be used to extend manufacturer data on melt pool sizes to other waxes. A simplified model is presented to relate the size of the melt pool to the heat release rate for various waxes.
![loading ... loading ...](themes/default/img/ajax-loading.gif)
Shelf entry
Permalink
- URL:
Impact factor
Access to the JCR database is permitted only to users from Slovenia. Your current IP address is not on the list of IP addresses with access permission, and authentication with the relevant AAI accout is required.
Year | Impact factor | Edition | Category | Classification | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP |
Select the library membership card:
If the library membership card is not in the list,
add a new one.
DRS, in which the journal is indexed
Database name | Field | Year |
---|
Links to authors' personal bibliographies | Links to information on researchers in the SICRIS system |
---|
Source: Personal bibliographies
and: SICRIS
The material is available in full text. If you wish to order the material anyway, click the Continue button.