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  • Genome analysis of the nove...
    Johne, Reimar; Tausch, Simon H.; Ulrich, Rainer G.; Schilling-Loeffler, Katja

    Virus research, 09/2023, Volume: 334
    Journal Article

    •Sequencing of complete coding regions of a rotavirus k strain.•Closest phylogenetic relationship of RVK with RVC.•RVK belongs to the phylogenetic RVA-like clade of rotaviruses.•Comparison of partial sequences indicate high genetic variability of RVK.•The data confirm classification of RVK as a novel rotavirus species. Rotaviruses are causative agents of diarrhea in humans and animals. Currently, the species rotavirus A-J (RVA-RVJ) and the putative species RVK and RVL are defined, mainly based on their genome sequence identities. RVK strains were first identified in 2019 in common shrews (Sorex aranaeus) in Germany; however, only short sequence fragments were available so far. Here, we analyzed the complete coding regions of strain RVK/shrew-wt/GER/KS14–0241/2013, which showed highest sequence identities with RVC. The amino acid sequence identity of VP6, which is used for rotavirus species definition, reached only 51% with other rotavirus reference strains thus confirming classification of RVK as a separate species. Phylogenetic analyses for the deduced amino acid sequences of all 11 virus proteins showed, that for most of them RVK and RVC formed a common branch within the RVA-like phylogenetic clade. Only the tree for the highly variable NSP4 showed a different branching; however, with very low bootstrap support. Comparison of partial nucleotide sequences of other RVK strains from common shrews of different regions in Germany indicated a high degree of sequence variability (61–97% identity) within the putative species. These RVK strains clustered separately from RVC genotype reference strains in phylogenetic trees indicating diversification of RVK independent from RVC. The results indicate that RVK represents a novel rotavirus species, which is most closely related to RVC.