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Kim, Dong-Hwi; Kim, Da-Yoon; Kim, Kyu-Sung; Han, Sang-Hoon; Go, Hyeon-Jeong; Kim, Jae-Hyeong; Lim, Kyu-Beom; Lee, Dong- Hun; Lee, Joong-Bok; Park, Seung-Yong; Song, Chang-Seon; Lee, Sang-Won; Choi, Yang-Kyu; Shin, Yeun-Kyung; Kwon, Oh-Kyu; Kim, Do-Geun; Choi, In-Soo
Emerging infectious diseases, 11/2023, Volume: 29, Issue: 11Journal Article
SARS-CoV-2 induces illness and death in humans by causing systemic infections. Evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2 can induce brain pathology in humans and other hosts. In this study, we used a canine transmission model to examine histopathologic changes in the brains of dogs infected with SARS-CoV-2. We observed substantial brain pathology in SARS-CoV-2–infected dogs, particularly involving blood–brain barrier damage resembling small vessel disease, including changes in tight junction proteins, reduced laminin levels, and decreased pericyte coverage. Furthermore, we detected phosphorylated tau, a marker of neurodegenerative disease, indicating a potential link between SARS-CoV-2–associated small vessel disease and neurodegeneration. Our findings of degenerative changes in the dog brain during SARS-CoV-2 infection emphasize the potential for transmission to other hosts and induction of similar signs and symptoms. The dynamic brain changes in dogs highlight that even asymptomatic individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 may develop neuropathologic changes in the brain.
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