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Wang, Ruobing; van Dorp, Lucy; Shaw, Liam P; Bradley, Phelim; Wang, Qi; Wang, Xiaojuan; Jin, Longyang; Zhang, Qing; Liu, Yuqing; Rieux, Adrien; Dorai-Schneiders, Thamarai; Weinert, Lucy Anne; Iqbal, Zamin; Didelot, Xavier; Wang, Hui; Balloux, Francois
Nature communications, 03/2018, Volume: 9, Issue: 1Journal Article
Colistin represents one of the few available drugs for treating infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. As such, the recent plasmid-mediated spread of the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 poses a significant public health threat, requiring global monitoring and surveillance. Here, we characterize the global distribution of mcr-1 using a data set of 457 mcr-1-positive sequenced isolates. We find mcr-1 in various plasmid types but identify an immediate background common to all mcr-1 sequences. Our analyses establish that all mcr-1 elements in circulation descend from the same initial mobilization of mcr-1 by an ISApl1 transposon in the mid 2000s (2002-2008; 95% highest posterior density), followed by a marked demographic expansion, which led to its current global distribution. Our results provide the first systematic phylogenetic analysis of the origin and spread of mcr-1, and emphasize the importance of understanding the movement of antibiotic resistance genes across multiple levels of genomic organization.
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