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  • A synergistic anti-bacteria...
    Oder, Martina; Piletić, Kaća; Fink, Rok; Marijanović, Zvonimir; Krištof, Romana; Bićanić, Lucija; Tomić Linšak, Dijana; Gobin, Ivana

    Biofouling (Chur, Switzerland), 2024, Volume: 40, Issue: 1
    Journal Article

    Legionella pneumophila is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that colonizes natural and artificial water systems and has the ability to form a biofilm. The biofilm protects L. pneumophila from various environmental factors and makes it more resistant to chlorine-based disinfectants. This study investigated the anti-bacterial properties of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden and Betche) Cheel) oil and lemon eucalyptus tree (Eucalyptus citriodora Hook) essential oils (EOs) and their synergistic, additive inhibitory and anti-adhesive effects against L. pneumophila biofilm formation on polystyrene. The minimum effective concentration (MEC) for tea tree is 12.8 mg ml −1 and for lemon eucalyptus tree EO 6.4 mg ml −1 . In the checkerboard assay, different combinations of these two EO show synergistic and additive anti-microbial activity. The minimum anti-adhesive concentration (MAC) for tea tree is 12.8 mg ml −1 and for lemon eucalyptus tree EO 6.4 mg ml −1 . A combination of 3.2 mg ml −1 tea tree EO and 0.8 mg ml −1 lemon eucalyptus tree EO showed the strongest anti-adhesive effect against L. pneumophila on polystyrene. The tested oils and their combination showed intriguing potential to inhibit L. pneumophila biofilm formation.