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Tsuzuki, Shinya; Hayakawa, Kayoko; Uemura, Yukari; Shinozaki, Tomohiro; Matsunaga, Nobuaki; Terada, Mari; Suzuki, Setsuko; Asai, Yusuke; Kitajima, Koji; Saito, Sho; Yamada, Gen; Shibata, Taro; Kondo, Masashi; Izumi, Kazuo; Hojo, Masayuki; Mizoue, Tetsuya; Yokota, Kazuhisa; Nakamura-Uchiyama, Fukumi; Saito, Fumitake; Sugiura, Wataru; Ohmagari, Norio
International journal of infectious diseases, 05/2022, Volume: 118Journal Article
To evaluate the effectiveness of remdesivir in the early stage of nonsevere COVID-19. Although several randomized controlled trials have compared the effectiveness of remdesivir with that of a placebo, there is limited evidence regarding its effect in the early stage of nonsevere COVID-19 cases. We evaluated the effectiveness of remdesivir in the early stage of nonsevere COVID-19 using the COVID-19 Registry Japan, a nationwide registry of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Japan. Two regimens (“start remdesivir” therapy within 4 days from admission versus no remdesivir during hospitalization) among patients without the need for supplementary oxygen therapy were compared by a 3-step processing (cloning, censoring, and weighting) method. The primary outcome was a supplementary oxygen requirement during hospitalization. Secondary outcomes were 30-day in-hospital mortality and the risk of invasive mechanical ventilation or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (IMV/ECMO). The data of 12,487 cases met our inclusion criteria. The “start remdesivir” regimen showed a lower risk of supplementary oxygen requirement (hazard ratio HR: 0.850, 95% confidence interval CI: 0.798–0.906, p value < 0.001). Both 30-day in-hospital mortality and risk of IMV/ECMO introduction were not significantly different between the 2 regimens (HRs: 1.04 and 0.983, 95% CI: 0.980–1.09 and 0.906–1.07, p values: 0.210 and 0.678, respectively). Remdesivir might reduce the risk of oxygen requirement during hospitalization in the early stage of COVID-19; however, it had no positive effect on the clinical outcome and reduction in IMV/ECMO requirement.
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