Objective: Study peritonitis by ileal perforation of typhic origin in children in the general surgery service of the Sominé Dolo hospital in Mopti. Method: It was a prospective study on children aged 0 to 15 having been operated for peritonitis by ileal perforation of typhic origin produced at Sominé Dolo Hospital in Mopti over a period of 12 months going from January to December 2018. Results: We have identified 35 cases of ileal perforation of typhic origin which represented 22.3 % of all peritonitis (n = 157). The average age was 8.7 ± 3.5 years (extremes : 1 and 15 years). The sex ratio was 1.3. Most patients came from rural areas represented (74.3 %). The abdominal pain of progressive occurrence in 71.4 % of patients and generalized in 68.6 %. The average admission time was 10.7 ± 7.1 days (extremes: 2 and 30 days). Abdominal defense and abdominal contracture was found in 94.3 %. A pneumoperitoneum (31%), and a dislocated fluid effusion were found in 49% of patients. Excision-subsion in 54.3 % and ileostomy in 40 % were carried out. We have observed a morbidity rate at 48.6 % and 11 cases of death. Conclusion: Peritonitis by ileal perforation of typhic origin are frequent in our structure. The prognosis depends on the precocity of care despite mortality raised in developing countries.