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Martínez Perpiñá, Beatriz
Revista de estudios jurídicos y criminológicos, 2024 9Journal Article
To some extent, the criminal process can lead to neglect the needs, rights and guarantees of the victims. This in itself is worrying, but when it comes to child victims, the issue becomes even more complex. Due to their position of special vulnerability, underage victims have a higher risk of developing permanent sequelae that could have negative repercussions on their emotional, social and cognitive development. In response to this problem, the Barnahus model emerged as an integral system of intervention and justice for underage victims, which quickly spread throughout Europe. By 2020, Spain would establish the Barnahus pilot Project in Tarragona with the intention of continuing to spread the Nordic system across the country. By therefore, the characteristic features and benefits of the use of this kind of system are identified, as well as possible problems that could obstruct its extension process in the national context. El proceso penal puede suponer, en cierta medida, un abandono de las necesidades, los derechos y las garantías de las víctimas. Esto en sí es preocupante, pero cuando hablamos de las víctimas menores de edad, la problemática alcanza mayores niveles de complejidad. Debido a su posición de especial vulnerabilidad, los menores de edad corren un mayor riesgo de desarrollar secuelas permanentes que pudieran repercutir negativamente en su desarrollo emocional, social y cognitivo. Ante esta problemática, surge el modelo Barnahus como un sistema de intervención y de justicia integral destinado a la infancia y la adolescencia, propagándose con rapidez por el continente europeo. Para el año 2020, se instauró en España el proyecto piloto Barnahus en Tarragona con la intención de continuar implementando el sistema nórdico por todo el país. En virtud de todo ello, se identifican los rasgos característicos y los beneficios reportados por el uso de esta clase de sistema, a la par que se identifican posibles problemáticas que podrían entorpecer su proceso de extensión en el contexto nacional.
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