Objective To explore the intervention effect of psychological training of problem management plus (PM+) on perceived stress, positive emotion, positive coping style and social support in recruits during training period. Methods A total of 116 recruits were selected from a new recruit training base in September 2020 by cluster sampling. They were randomly divided into 3 groups. The long-term group received 6 PM+ psychological training courses once a week for 2 h, the short-term group received intensive PM+ psychological training for 1 time for 5 h, and the control group received no psychological intervention. Chinese Perceived Stress Scale (CPSS), Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) and Social Support Rate Scale (SSRS) were used to evaluate the 3 groups at following 4 time points: before intervention (T1), at the end of intervention (T2), 1 week after intervention (T3) and 1 month after intervention (T4). Results The score of perceived stress was significant