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  • Role of aldo-keto reductase family 1 (AKR1) enzymes in human steroid metabolism
    Lanišnik-Rižner, Tea ; Penning, Trevor M.
    Human aldoketo reductases AKR1C1-AKR1C4 and AKR1D1 play essential roles in the metabolism of all 30steroid hormones, the biosynthesis of neurosteroids and bile acids, the metabolism of conjugated ... ste- 31roids, and synthetic therapeutic steroids. These enzymes catalyze NADPH dependent reductions at the C3, C5, C17 and C20 positions on the steroid nucleus and side-chain. AKR1C1 AKR1C4 act as 3-keto, 17-keto and 20-ketosteroid reductases to varying extents, while AKR1D1 acts as the sole delta4-3-ketoster-oid-5beta-reductase (steroid 5beta-reductase) in humans. AKR1 enzymes control the concentrations of active ligands for nuclear receptors and control their ligand occupancy and trans-activation, they also regulate the amount of neurosteroids that can modulate the activity of GABA[sub]A and NMDA receptors. As such they are involved in the pre-receptor regulation of nuclear andmembrane bound receptors. Altered expression of individual AKR1C genes is related to development of prostate, breast, and endometrial cancer. Mutations in AKR1C1 and AKR1C4 are responsible for sexual development dysgenesis and mutations in AKR1D1 are causative in bile-acid deficiency.
    Vir: Steroids. - ISSN 0039-128X (Vol. 79, 2014, str. 49-63)
    Vrsta gradiva - članek, sestavni del ; neleposlovje za odrasle
    Leto - 2014
    Jezik - angleški
    COBISS.SI-ID - 30940121
    DOI

vir: Steroids. - ISSN 0039-128X (Vol. 79, 2014, str. 49-63)
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