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  • Analysis of cracking of co-extruded recovery boiler floor tubes
    Keiser, James R. ...
    Cracking of stainless steel layer in co-extruded 304L/SA210 tubing used in black liquor recovery boilers is being found in an ever-increasing number of North American pulp and paper mills. Studies ... are being conducted to determine the cause of the cracking and to identify alternate materials and/or operating procedures to prevent tube cracking. Examination of cracked tubes has permitted characterization of crack features, and transmission electron microscopy is providing information about the thermal history, particularly cyclic thermal exposures, that tubes have experienced. Neutron and X-ray diffraction techniques are being used to determine the residual stresses in as-fabricated tube panels and exposed tubes, and finite element modeling is providing information about the stresses the tubes experience during operation. Laboratory studies are being conducted to determine the susceptibility of the co-extruded 304L/SA210 tubes to stress corrosion cracking, thermal fatigue, and corrosion in molten smelt. On the basis of all these studies, recommendations for means to prevent tube cracking will be offered.
    Vir: Engineering & papermakers : forming bonds for better papermaking. Book 3 : october 6-9, 1997, Opryland Hotel, Nashville, TN (Str. 1025-1041)
    Vrsta gradiva - prispevek na konferenci
    Leto - 1997
    Jezik - angleški
    COBISS.SI-ID - 395201

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