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  • Coastal water surveillance of pathogenic enteric viruses as complementary faecal indicators of water quality management
    Gonçalves, José ...
    Pollution of coastal waters is a major global problem, since these areas are often recipients of wastewaters and are used for recreation and for aquaculture. Microbial quality of waters has been ... traditionally assessed by monitoring faecal coliform bacteria (FC), however, several studies showed that the quantification of FC is insufficient to protect human health. One of the main limitations of FC, as indicators of faecal pollution, is their poor relationship with non-bacterial pathogens, in particular with the presence of human viruses. A group of viruses that have significant impact on public health are enteric virus, which are transmitted via faecal-oral route. Rotavirus (RoV) and norovirus (NoV) are among the most prevalent enteric viruses in polluted coastal waters. Estimations indicate that they are the main agents of human viral gastroenteritis worldwide. Due to the low numbers of human viruses in natural waters and their low infection dose (as few as 10 particles), an efficient concentration step is critical for an effective detection. The objective of the present study was to develop a protocol to concentrate RoV and NoV from coastal waters with different salinity concentrations using CIM columns, prior to detection by one-step RT-qPCR. RoV and NoV were further monitored, during a year, along a salinity/pollution gradient, mussel farming areas and recreational swimming, at the Bay of Koper in Slovenia. Our results exhibit that CIM C4 hydrophobic interaction monolithic supports are efficient to bind and concentrate both RoV and NoV, in one step, from water samples. The concentration performance was consistent in seawater and brackish river water. The performed survey showed that RoV and NoV are released into the Bay of Koper, with higher rates close to the wastewater treatment plant discharge of Koper. However, RoV and NoV can be detected at recreational waters and mussel farming areas. This study supports the idea that water bodies that are considered safe based on bacterial concentrations, may still have low, yet infective, concentrations of human viruses. Even if, a universal indicator for fecal pollution is not confirmed, we propose that direct measurement of RoV and NoV can be an important complementary choice when accessing water quality.
    Vir: WaterMicro 2017 : International Symposium on Health-Related Water Microbiology : May 14 - 19, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA [CD-ROM] (str. 64)
    Vrsta gradiva - prispevek na konferenci
    Leto - 2017
    Jezik - angleški
    COBISS.SI-ID - 4503119

    Povezava(-e):

    https://waterinstitute.unc.edu/files/2016/10/WaterMicro-HRWM-Abstract-Book.pdf

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