Laboratorijska prepoznava alergijskih bolezni = Laboratory assessment of allergic diseases
Wraber-Herzog, Branka
The possibilities for laboratory assessment of allergic, mostly IgE mediated diseases, are presented in the article. In these diseases, IgE molecules attached to high affinity receptors on mastocytes ...and basophils, which recongnize and bind particular allergen, are pivotal for the development of anallergic reaction. During the activation on mastocytes and basophils, mediators of allergic reactions are releases. With laboratory tests, we are able to assess the tendency to produce specific IgE to ubiquitous substances in the environment (atopy) and to search for the substance(s) (allergen), which triggers the allergic reaction in the patient. It is possible to follow up the patients' response to specific immunotheapy, and to measure mediators of allergic diseases either produced in vivo or secreted by the immune cells after challenge with allergen in vitro. The methods for measurement of total serum IgE and specific IgE are presented, together with our data concerning the frequency of specific IgE responses against some inhalatory and food allergens. We mention the methods for allergen specific IgG measurement. We describe the methods for the quuantification of allergic reaction mediators, e.g. histamine and sulfidoleukotriens. These mediators are secretd after the challenge of leukocytes with an allergen in vitro. Finally, the measurement ofmediators such as histamine metabolite - methylhistamine, tryptase, and eosinophil cationic protein in body fluids is presented.
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