Sarcopenia is a progressively diminishing state characterized by the reduction of muscle mass and density, which is frequently observed in malignancies of solid organs.
To assess how sarcopenia ...affects the overall survival of individuals who have been diagnosed with metastatic gastric cancer.
The study retrospectively included individuals who had been diagnosed with metastatic gastric cancer between January 2008 and December 2020. Sarcopenia was identified through the calculation of the average Hounsfield units (HUAC) using computed tomography (CT) images taken at the time of diagnosis in patients.
A total of 118 patients with metastatic gastric cancer were evaluated. Sarcopenia was detected in 29 patients (24.6%). The median survival of all patients was 8 (1-43) mo. The median survival of patients with sarcopenia was 2 mo, while it was 10 mo for those without sarcopenia (
< 0.001). A significant relationship was found between sarcopenia and survival.
Sarcopenia has been observed to impact survival outcomes in various types of solid tumor cancers. Sarcopenic patients can be identified in a short time, easily and inexpensively, by HUAC measurements from CT images used for diagnosis, and survival could be promoted with nutritional support.
This study investigates the prognostic significance of Hemoglobin, Albumin, Lymphocyte, Platelet (HALP) score and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) in metastatic head and neck cancers.
Retrospective ...analysis was conducted on data obtained from January 2014 to June 2022 for 68 patients using rigorous statistical methods. HALP and PNI scores, derived from routine laboratory parameters, were categorized into low and high groups using respective median values. Prognostic significance was determined through Kaplan–Meier survival analyses and Cox proportional hazards regression using IBM SPSS Statistics.
Of the 68 patients (80.9% male, median age 57), 39 (57.4%) had laryngeal cancer. When stratified by low and high HALP scores, the median overall survival (OS) was 5.9 and 16.4 months, respectively (P < 0.001), while the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 5.7 months and 8.2 months, respectively (P: 0.016). In the low and high PNI score groups, the median OS was 7 and 13.2 months (P < 0.001), with median PFS of 5.6 months and 8.2 months (P: 0.002), respectively. In the multivariate analysis, while the HALP score did not reach statistical significance in terms of PFS, the PNI score and age groups were found to be statistically significant. In terms of OS, higher HALP score and PNI scores were significantly associated with longer OS.
In this study, the HALP score and PNI score were found to be a prognostic factor in patients with metastatic head and neck cancer.
To examine the treatment outcomes of the EXTREME regimen as the first-line therapy for recurrent/metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
Observational study. Place and Duration of ...the Study: Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Training and Research Hospital, Turkiye, between January 2014 and December 2021.
A total of 60 patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancers were treated with EXTREME regimen. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to determine the factors associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
Patients receiving cetuximab in combination with chemotherapy for metastatic or unresectable disease were obtained from patient files and electronic medical records. Majority of patients were male (78.3%). The median PFS of patients was 7 months. The median survival of the patients was 9.06 months. During follow-up, 55 patients (91.7%) relapsed, and 51 patients (85%) died. The median survival of patients with eastern cooperative oncology group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1, and 2 was 16, 9, and 4 months, respectively. And the survival of patients was found significantly lower with lower ECOG performance scores.
OS was determined as 9.06 months. ECOG performance score had an important effect on the survival.
Cetuximab, Head and neck cancer, Chemotherapy.
Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) presents a catastrophic disease with poor overall survival at advanced stages, with immediate requirement of new and effective treatment options. Besides genetic mutations, ...epigenetic dysregulation of signaling pathway-associated enriched genes are considered as novel therapeutic target. Mechanisms beneath the deoxyribonucleic acid methylation and its utility in developing of epi-drugs in PanCa are under trails. Combinations of epigenetic medicines with conventional cytotoxic treatments or targeted therapy are promising options to improving the dismal response and survival rate of PanCa patients. Recent studies have identified potentially valid pathways that support the prediction that future PanCa clinical trials will include vigorous testing of epigenomic therapies. Epigenetics thus promises to generate a significant amount of new knowledge of biological and medical importance. Our review could identify various components of epigenetic mechanisms known to be involved in the initiation and development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and related precancerous lesions, and novel pharmacological strategies that target these components could potentially lead to breakthroughs. We aim to highlight the possibilities that exist and the potential therapeutic interventions.
Cardiac side effects of targeted chemotherapy agents are getting more and more important topic nowadays. However, the studies on this topic are limited. Because multiple agent chemotherapy is not a ...common treatment option, it is hard to establish controlled study groups (as before chemotherapy and after chemotherapy); further, cancer, itself, may cause cardiac side effects and uncertainty of the symptoms may be associated with previous clinical situation before chemotherapy. For all that, we may get information to a certain degree about the side effects of these agents by analyzing case reports. These side effects have a broad spectrum from asymptomatic rhythm alterations to acute cardiac death. In this case report, we aim to discuss asymptomatic ventricular bigeminal rhythm, which is proved by electrocardiography, of our patient during treated by trastuzumab.
Background: Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been determined as a reliable prognostic factor for various malignancies. In this study, we aimed to determine the prognostic effect of PD-L1 ...expression in tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.
Methods: Seventy patients diagnosed with non-metastatic NPC were included in the study. PD-L1 expression on immune cells was analyzed by immunohistochemical method. Patients were categorized into two groups according to the PD-L1 expression level in TIICs (level of PD-L1 staining ≥5% positive vs <5% negative).
Results: Median follow-up period was 34 months (range = 1 - 188). 1 and 2 years survival rate were found as 75% and 63% in PD-L1 negative TIICs group (47%), and 85% and 83% in PD-L1 positive TIICs group (53%), respectively. PD-L1 positivity in immune cells (ICs) was detected in 53% of the patients. The survival rate was found better in the PD- L1 positive group compared to the negative group (P = 0.049).
Discussion: In conclusion, the survival rate was found significantly better in the PD-L1 positive TIICs group, compared to the negative group.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is the main ligand for programmed death-1 (PD-1), and is one of the major targets for cancer immunotherapy. Only a few studies are available for the clinical ...significance of PD-1/PD-L1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). There is a controversial association between PD-L1 expression and survival in NPC. This study aimed at defining any potential association between PD-L1 expression in tumor cells (TCs) and prognosis in NPC.
A total of seventy NPC patients treated between January 2008 and December 2016 were included in the study. PD-L1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tumor specimens. The IHC assay was considered positive if ≥5% of TCs are stained. Clinicopathological variables were documented. Variables included in the analysis were PD-L1 expression, clinicopathological characteristics, and prognosis.
The estimated 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 62%. Nearly 55.7% (n = 39) of the TCs tested positive for PD-L1 expression. No associations were found between the level of PD-L1 in TCs and clinicopathological characteristics. Comparisons between patients with PD-L1-positive tumors and PD-L1-negative tumors revealed that OS was statistically significantly longer in patients with PD-L1-positive tumors as assessed by the univariate Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio HR, 0.378; 95% confidence interval, 0.158-0.905; P = 0.029) and Kaplan-Meier curves (P = 0.023).
PD-L1 expression is an important prognostic factor in NPC. PD-L1 expression positively correlates with survival.
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