Effects of protein concentration and partial hydrolysis on protein solubility (PS), foaming properties and water holding and oil absorption capacities of hull-less barley protein concentrate (HBPC) ...were investigated in this research. Defatted hull-less barley flour (dHBF) was used for the production of HBPCs which were prepared using different extraction methods. HBPC-1 was extracted from dHBF using 0.15 M NaCl at pH 9 according to flour to solvent ratio of 1:10 and an isoelectric precipitation was applied at pH 5. HBPC-2 was extracted from dHBF using 0.06 M NaOH at pH 11.2 with flour to solvent ratio of 1:20 and an isoelectric precipitation was applied at pH 5.4. HBPC-1 and HBPC-2 were applied to partial-enzyme hydrolysis with subtilisin A for producing barley protein hydrolysates. SDS-PAGE images of dHBF, HBPCs and hydrolysates were also studied to monitor the extracted and hydrolysed proteins. PS properties of HBPCs were not significantly influenced by increasing protein concentration, while the pH of the medium significantly influenced this property. The PS properties of hydrolysates at pH 6 increased as a result of the partial hydrolysis. The soluble proteins of HBPC-1 exhibited better foaming ability at all protein concentrations and pH environments. In addition, the soluble proteins of the HBPC-2 presented a better foam stability. Foaming properties were influenced by partial hydrolysis. The partial-enzyme hydrolysis did not improve the foaming properties of concentrates.
Purpose
To evaluate the distances between the incision and neurovascular structures in direct posterior split-gastrocnemius approach for tibial plateau fractures.
Methods
Thirteen fresh-frozen ...cadavers were used in the study. The distance between the neurovascular structures medial and lateral to the incision was measured from the tibial joint line and at a level 5 cm distal to the joint line.
Results
The mean distance between the incision and medial neurovascular structures was 10.09 ± 3.47 mm (range 5.63–16.51 mm) at the level of the tibial joint line and 10.39 ± 2.57 mm (range 5.79–14.09 mm) at a level 5 cm distal to the joint line. The mean distance between the incision and the common peroneal nerve was 13.44 ± 4.17 mm (range 6.28–20.72 mm) at the level of the tibial joint line and 19.56 ± 5.24 mm (range 12.58–26.74 mm) at a level 5 cm distal to the joint line.
Conclusions
In isolated posterolateral tibial plateau fractures, it is possible to apply anatomical reduction and buttress plating on the posterior surface with a direct posterior split-gastrocnemius approach. With a thorough understanding of the regional anatomy, this approach can be safely performed by experienced orthopaedists.
The present study was conducted to determine the slaughter and carcass traits of male lambs of the Akkaraman (A), Morkaraman (M), Awassi (IW), Karayaka (KR), Kıvırcık (KV) and Middle Anatolian Merino ...(MAM) sheep breeds. Fattening of all lambs started when they were at 90 days at weaning and finished when they reached bodyweight of 40 kg. The cold dressing percentage of lambs of A, M, and IW breeds were significantly lower than those of KV, KR and MAM. Fat depth and muscle area were significantly greater in KV and MAM lambs than those of the other breeds. There were significant differences among breeds in shoulder, leg and lean weights. Weights of back loin in KV and MAM lambs were significantly greater than those of the other breeds. The highest values for carcass fleshiness were obtained in MAM and IW lambs, but they had a significantly lower carcass fatness score. There were significant differences among the breeds in carcass compactness and leg conformation. The results of the present study indicated that A and MAM breeds could be recommended for desirable carcass characteristics.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of the pre-mating weight and placental characteristics on birth weight. Data were collected from 62 Karayaka ewes and 70 Karayaka lambs. The ...placental characteristics considered were placental weight, placental area and the number of cotyledons. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used for statistical comparison and the determination of relationships between variables. In addition, correlation coefficients between live weights and placental characteristics were determined. The average birth weight (BW), pre-mating weight (PMW), placental weight (PW), placental area (PA) and cotyledon number (CN) values were 4.37
0.70 kg, 50.22
5.63 kg, 362.51
118.42 g, 994.18
312.76 cm
and 56.93
8.06, respectively. BW had positive correlations with PMW (0.147), birth type (BT) (0.643), PW (0.604), PA (0.323) and CN (0.161) (
0.05). BW had negative correlations with maternal age (MA) (
) (
0.05). PMW had positive correlations with maternal age (MA) (0.237) (
0.05). PMW had negative correlations with S (sex) (
), PW (
), PA (
) and CN (
) (
0.05).
To demonstrate the utility of semantic Web service descriptions for service composition, we've developed a goal-oriented, interactive composition approach that uses matchmaking algorithms to help ...users filter and select services while building the composition. filtering and selecting services helps the user drive the composition process. We've implemented composition. Indeed, it is the filtering and selection of services that helps the user drive these ideas in a prototype system that can compose the Web services deployed on the Internet and provide filtering capabilities where a large number of similar services might be available.
Abstract Objective This study evaluated the effect that different techniques for removing dental caries had on the strength of the microtensile bond to caries-affected human dentine created by three ...bonding agents. Materials and methods Forty-five human molar teeth containing carious lesions were randomly divided into three groups according to the technique that would be used to remove the caries: a conventional bur, an Er:YAG laser or a chemo-mechanical Carisolv® gel ( n = 15). Next, each of the three removal-technique groups was divided into three subgroups according to the bonding agents that would be used: Clearfil® SE Bond, G-Bond® , or Adper® Single Bond 2 ( n = 5). Three 1 mm2 stick-shaped microtensile specimens from each tooth were prepared with a slow-speed diamond saw sectioning machine fitted with a diamond-rim blade ( n = 15 specimens). For each removal technique one dentine sample was analysed using scanning electron microscopy. Results There were statistically significant differences in the resulting tensile strength of the bond among the techniques used to remove the caries and there were also statistically significant differences in the strength of the bond among the adhesive systems used. The etch-and-rinse adhesive system was the most affected by the technique used to remove the caries; of the three techniques tested, the chemo-mechanical removal technique worked best with the two-step self etch adhesive system. Conclusion The bond strength values of the etch-and-rinse adhesive system were affected by the caries removal techniques used in the present study. However, in the one- and two-step self etch adhesive systems, bond strength values were not affected by the caries removal techniques applied. While a chemo-mechanical caries removal technique, similar to Carisolv® , may be suggested with self etch adhesive systems, in caries removal techniques with laser, etch-and-rinse systems might be preferred. Clinical significance Caries removal methods may lead to differences in the characteristics of dentine surface. Dentine ultra structure generally affects the bonding of adhesive materials commonly used in restorative dentistry. Whereas etch-and-rinse system, like the ones used in the present study, are affected by these changes, the self etch systems are not affected. Hence, clinicians may opt for caries removal methods and systems appropriate for each patient and practice.
The effect of maternal nutrition level during the periconception period on the muscle development of fetus and maternal-fetal plasma hormone concentrations in sheep were examined. Estrus was ...synchronized in 55 Karayaka ewes and were either fed ad libitum (well-fed, WF, n=23) or 0.5×maintenance (under-fed, UF, n=32) 6 days before and 7 days after mating. Non-pregnant ewes (WF, n=13; UF, n=24) and ewes carrying twins (WF, n=1) and female (WF, n=1; UF, n=3) fetuses were removed from the experiment. The singleton male fetuses from well-fed (n=8) and under-fed (n=5) ewes were collected on day 90 of gestation and placental characteristics, fetal BWs and dimensions, fetal organs and muscles weights were recorded. Maternal (on day 7 after mating) and fetal (on day 90 of pregnancy) blood samples were collected to analyze plasma hormone concentrations. Placental characteristics, BW and dimensions, organs and muscles weights of fetuses were not affected by maternal feed intake during the periconception period. Maternal nutrition level did not affect fiber numbers and the muscle cross-sectional area of the fetal longissimus dorsi (LD), semitendinosus (ST) muscles, but the cross-sectional area of the secondary fibers in the fetal LD and ST muscles from the UF ewes were higher than those from the WF ewes (P<0.05). Also, the ratio of secondary to primary fibers in the ST muscle were tended to be lower in the fetuses from the UF ewes (P=0.07). Maternal nutrition level during the periconception period did not cause any significant changes in fetal plasma insulin and maternal and fetal plasma IGF-I, cortisol, progesterone, free T3 and T4 concentrations. However, maternal cortisol concentrations were lower while insulin concentrations were higher in the WF ewes than those in the UF ewes (P<0.05). These results indicate that the reduced maternal feed intake during the periconception period may alter muscle fiber diameter without affecting fiber types, fetal weights and organ developments and plasma hormone concentrations in the fetus.
Purpose
The purpose of the current study is to investigate in different femoral fixation devices whether tight (undersize drilled) fit technique decreases the tunnel widening and improves the ...clinical outcome compared to conventional technique in ACL reconstruction using hamstring tendon autograft.
Methods
93 patients, who underwent Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction whether cortical-cancellous suspension (CP) or cortical suspension (BF) used as fixation device for the hamstring tendon autograft, were included in the study. The cases also grouped as undersize drilled (tight fit) and normal drilled (normal fit) according to their autograft size. There was no difference in demographic data of these four subgroups (CP-TF, CP-NF, BF-TF, and BF-NF) preoperatively.
Results
The patients, who had been followed for at least 2 years were included in the study. They were looked for their clinical outcome (Lysholm and IKDC scoring), tunnel widening (on AP and lateral radiographs), and also anterior translation. The BF-TF subgroup showed significantly the best clinical results compared to other three subgroups. There was no difference between BF-TF, CP-TF, and CP-NF in terms of tunnel widening.
Conclusion
Button fixation of femoral side in ACL reconstruction surgery has good clinical outcome and lower complication rate. Undersize drilling might be preferred in button fixation in order to reduce TW and improve stability and clinical satisfaction.
Level of evidence
Therapeutic case series, Level IV.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of maternal nutritional status during mid-gestation on placental characteristics in ewes. Time of estrus of 3–5 years old Karayaka breed ewes was ...synchronized and mating was monitored to determine the day 0 of gestation. The ewes had similar body weights (47.8±0.7kg) and loin eye muscle values (thickness; 20.9±1.0mm and fat thickness; 4.7±0.5mm) at mating. The ewes were allocated into two treatment groups at day 30 of gestation; under-fed (UF; n=12) and well-fed (WF; n=13) groups. The ewes in UF group were fed with a diet to provide 50% of their daily requirement from day 30 to day 80 of gestation and 100% of their daily requirement during the rest of the gestation period. The ewes in WF group were fed at least 100% of their daily requirement throughout gestation. The singleton bearing ewes in the UF group had a lesser (P<0.05) placental weight (354.1 compared with 378.3g), average cotyledon weight (1.50 compared with 1.82g) and lamb birth weight (3.8 compared with 4.2kg) than singleton bearing ewes in the WF group. There were positive correlations between placental weight and lamb birth weight (r=.469; P<0.05), placental weight and average cotyledon weight (r=.695; P<0.01), average cotyledon weight and lamb birth weight (r=.742; P<0.01) and placental efficiency and cotyledon density (r=.853; P<0.01) for ewes in WF group. Additionally, the pattern of weight gain/loss was different (P<0.05) between the two groups. Ewes in UF group lost body weight progressively from day 30 of gestation until day 80. The results of present study show that under-feeding of ewes during mid-gestation may cause an insufficient placental development and hence alter fetal development resulting in a reduced birth weight from singleton pregnancies.
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is one of the genetic and developmental forms of heterotopic ossification. We report a case of FOP on the volar surface of the distal radius, located close ...to the median nerve and radial artery with neurologic symptoms secondary to median nerve entrapment. The patient underwent surgical excision of the heterotopic lesion followed by radiation therapy. He had no signs of recurrence with more than 1 year of follow-up. Careful microsurgical dissection of the heterotopic mass must be performed to prevent the formation of new painful lesions and iatrogenic neurovascular injury. In this syndrome, the possibility of nerve entrapment due to the heterotopic lesion should be considered as the cause of neuropathic pain. Early genetic testing for confirmation of the suspected diagnosis can avoid having to do an unnecessary biopsy.
La fibrodysplasie ossifiante progressive (FOP) est l’une des formes génétiques et développementales des ossifications hétérotopiques. Nous rapportons le cas d’une FOP développée à la face palmaire de l’extrémité distale du radius, proche du nerf médian et de l’artère radiale, avec des symptômes neurologiques secondaires à la compression du nerf médian. Le patient a subi l’excision chirurgicale des lésions hétérotopiques et une radiothérapie adjuvante. Il n’y avait pas d11Remplacer "blessures" par "lésions".e signe de récidive plus d’un an plus tard. Une dissection microchirurgicale soigneuse doit être réalisée pour éviter la formation de nouvelles lésions douloureuses et des lés vasculonerveuses iatrogènes. Dans ce syndrome, la possibilité d’une compression nerveuse due aux lésions hétérotopiques doit être envisagée comme cause des douleurs neuropathiques. Des examens génétiques précoces pour confirmer le diagnostic suspecté permettent d’éviter une biopsie non nécessaire.
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