Nogomet je, kao i ostatak sportske industrije, u suvremenom svijetu iznimno unosan posao.
Svi sportski klubovi imaju dvije osnovne zadaće koje žele ispunjavati iz sezone u sezonu:
ostvarivanje ...sportskih uspjeha i financijskih rezultata. U jednoj od najrazvijenijih
sportskih liga na svijetu, engleskoj Premier ligi, za sportske uspjehe brinu se igrači i treneri,
koji funkcioniraju na operativnoj razini, a za financijske rezultate zaduženi su klupski
menadžeri i direktori. Cilj je ovog rada ispitati koji poslovni aspekti Premier lige doprinose
njezinoj globalnoj uspješnosti i prepoznatljivosti, odnosno kako specifični oblici sportskog
menadžmenta oblikuju ligu i utječu na njezin razvoj. Metoda je istraživanja analiza primarnih
izvora dostupnih na internetu, a obuhvaćena su službena izvješća vezana za Premier
ligu i analize stručnih novinara koji je prate. Analizom su obuhvaćeni sljedeći aspekti: vlasnička
struktura klubova, sponzorski ugovori i prava prijenosa te uloga sportskih direktora
i nogomentnih agenata. Rezultati analize upućuje na zaključak da investicije jamče razvoj i
uspjeh klubova ako se financijska sredstva ulažu racionalno i sukladno viziji stručnog stožera
kluba. Autori također daju preporuke za daljnja istraživanja koja uključuju sportske
novinare te u središte interesa stavljaju socioekonomske implikacije popularnih sportskih
natjecanja.
Mitochondria are involved in crucial homeostatic processes in the cell: the production of adenosine triphosphate and reactive oxygen species, and the release of pro-apoptotic molecules. Thus, cell ...survival depends on the maintenance of proper mitochondrial function by mitochondrial quality control. The most important mitochondrial quality control mechanisms are mitochondrial unfolded protein response, mitophagy, biogenesis, and fusion-fission dynamics. This review deals with mitochondrial quality control in heart diseases, especially myocardial infarction and heart failure. Some previous studies have demonstrated that the activation of mitochondrial quality control mechanisms may be beneficial for the heart, while others have shown that it may lead to heart damage. Our aim was to describe the mechanisms by which mitochondrial quality control contributes to heart protection or damage and to provide evidence that may resolve the seemingly contradictory results from the previous studies.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The expression of pluripotency factors is a key regulator of tumor differentiation status and cancer stem cells. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression of pluripotency factors and ...differentiation status of human mesothelioma and the role of mitochondria in their regulation. We tested the expression of OCT4/POU5F1, NANOG, SOX2, PI3K-AKT pathway and BCL2 genes and proteins in 65 samples of human mesothelioma and 19 samples of normal mesothelium. Mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and expression of pluripotency factors were also tested in human mesothelioma cell line. Human mesothelium and mesothelioma expressed SOX2, NANOG, PI3K and AKT genes and proteins and POU5F1 gene, whereby NANOG, SOX2 and phosphorylated (activated) AKT were upregulated in mesothelioma. NANOG protein expression was elevated in less differentiated samples of human mesothelioma. The expression of genes of PI3K-AKT pathway correlated with pluripotency factor genes. Mesothelioma cells had functional, but depolarized mitochondria with large capacity to generate ROS. Mitochondrial ROS upregulated NANOG and mitoTEMPO abrogated it. In conclusion, human mesothelioma displays enhanced expression of NANOG, SOX2 and phosphorylated AKT proteins, while elevated NANOG expression correlates with poor differentiation of human mesothelioma. Mitochondria of mesothelioma cells have a large capacity to form ROS and thereby upregulate NANOG, leading to dedifferentiation of mesothelioma.
Mitochondria are involved in crucial homeostatic process-
es in the cell: the production of adenosine triphosphate
and reactive oxygen species, and the release of pro-apop-
totic molecules. Thus, ...cell survival depends on the mainte-
nance of proper mitochondrial function by mitochondrial
quality control. The most important mitochondrial quality
control mechanisms are mitochondrial unfolded protein
response, mitophagy, biogenesis, and fusion-fission dy-
namics. This review deals with mitochondrial quality con-
trol in heart diseases, especially myocardial infarction and
heart failure. Some previous studies have demonstrated
that the activation of mitochondrial quality control mech-
anisms may be beneficial for the heart, while others have
shown that it may lead to heart damage. Our aim was to
describe the mechanisms by which mitochondrial quality
control contributes to heart protection or damage and to
provide evidence that may resolve the seemingly contra-
dictory results from the previous studies.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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