This article examines the evolution of the so‐called ‘red museums’ in Yugoslavia (1945‐1991). Focusing on how Yugoslavian post‐war museums were established, organised and operated, the article ...reveals changes in the way historical discourses were reinterpreted in efforts to promote new national narratives. In recent years, the use of personal narratives in national museums, particularly at the National Museum of Contemporary History, has played a central role in reshaping national narratives of the past.
The disintegration of Yugoslavia, accompanied by the emergence of new borders, is paradigmatically highlighting the relevance of borders in processes of societal change, crisis and conflict. This is ...even more the case, if we consider the violent practices that evolved out of populist discourse of ethnically homogenous bounded space in this process that happened in the wars in Yugoslavia in the 1990ies. Exploring the boundaries of Yugoslavia is not just relevant in the context of Balkan area studies, but the sketched phenomena acquire much wider importance, and can be helpful in order to better understand the dynamics of b/ordering societal space, that are so characteristic for our present situation.
The Media of Memory Pusnik, Marusa; Luthar, Oto
2020, 20200831, Letnik:
29
eBook
Blick ins BuchThis book explores the nexus of media and memory practices in contemporary Slovenia. In the age of mediatised societies, the country’s post-socialist, post-Yugoslav present has become ...saturated with historical revisionism and various nostalgic framings of the past. Pušnik and Luthar have collected a wide range of case studies analysing the representation and reinterpretation of past events in newspapers, theatre, music, museums, digital media, and documentaries. The volume thus presents insights into the intricacies of the mediatisation of memory in contemporary Slovenian society. The authors engage with dynamic uses of media today and provide new analyses of media culture as archive, site of historical reinterpretation, and repository of memory.
The number of senior citizens is rapidly increasing, which consequently signifi es an increase in the number of people having sight, hearing or memory diffi culties, people with hampered mobility, ...and people who find it increasingly diffi cult to process information. Elderly persons experience a greater degree of risk whilst performing daily tasks in their kitchens. Moreover, they are more susceptible to infection and illnesses, necessitating greater care to achieve hygienic conditions within their kitchens. The goal of our research was to determine whether people are generally content with the functionality of their kitchens and whether the degree of dissatisfaction increases with the age of the users. The study aims to pinpoint any major problems facing elderly people whilst working in their kitchens and to establish criteria for kitchen furniture design that could be tailored to senior users’ interests, with the focus on safety. This research was carried out via individual surveys at the respondents’ homes. 204 respondents participated in the research. The results show that most users do not realize that, with more appropriate kitchen equipment, they could perform daily tasks faster, safer, and with less effort. Common shortcomings include insuffi cient lighting (32 %), inappropriate sequential composition of work surfaces (56 %), ease of hygiene maintenance (68 %), inappropriately - shaped furniture (72 %), and tasks that become troublesome because of declining memory (75 %). We believe that it is necessary to design kitchen equipment specifically adjusted for the needs of the elderly.
Kalejdoskop goriške preteklosti, zgodbe o spominu in pozabi ('Kaleidoscope of the Past - Memories and Forgotten Stories from the Border') is a story about lives of the people living along the ...Slovenian-Italian border. In this area, the idea of the border is manifold, it is a state border, a territorial border, a temporal border between what had happened and the interpretations of past events today. The author discusses the divisive past and the seemingly uniting present permeating the area. She tells a story about the city Gorica, to which both Italians and Slovenians lay claims, a story about the struggle for redemption and freedom, about people who stroll along the same river, shop in the same shops and eat indulge similar cuisines. Still, they manage to retain a thin line of differentiation, a mentally construed abyss invariantly fortifying the distance. Since 2007, the border is visually gone yet it remains the criterion of spatial differentiation and identity formation, the founding stone of respective communities.
Kakšna je vloga spomina v različnih družbah in kulturah? Kako se razlikujejo osebni, družbeni in kulturni spomin? So obstoječe časovne ter geografske razlike močnejši faktor v preučevanju spomina kot ...iskani enotni vzorci? Kakšni in kateri so načini izgradnje spomina in kako poteka prenos beleženja spomina v zgodovinske in fikcijske naracije, vizualno kulturo, komemoracijske prakse? Na takšna in podobna vprašanja, ki so vključevala poglede različnih humanističnih ved (npr. antropologije, zgodovine, kulturnih študij, arhitekture in sociologije), so na letošnjem mednarodnem srečanju v Talinu odgovarjali profesorji in študentje, ki se interdisciplinarno ukvarjajo s študijem spomina.
Udjel starijih osoba u stanovništvu u enormnom je porastu, slijedom čega se povećava broj ljudi koji imaju slabiji vid, sluh, memoriju, fizičke probleme i probleme s percipiranjem informacija. ...Stariji su zbog toga osjetljiviji na ozljede, koje mogu nastati pri obavljanju svakodnevnih poslova u kuhinji. Osim toga, za njihovu je sigurnost važno voditi brigu o higijenskim standardima jer su osjetljiviji na infekcije i bolesti. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi jesu li ljudi zadovoljni funkcionalnošću njihove kuhinje i osjećaju li se sigurno te raste li nezadovoljstvo kuhinjom sa starošću korisnika. Željeli smo identificirati probleme s kojima se pri radu u kuhinji suočavaju stariji ljudi i utvrditi kriterije za izradu kuhinjskog namještaja prilagođenoga starijim ljudima u smislu sigurnosti. Istraživanje je provedeno putem osobnih intervjua u domu ispitanika. U istraživanju su sudjelovala 204 ispitanika. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju kako ljudi ne znaju da bi uz prikladniju opremu brže, lakše i sigurnije mogli obavljati svakodnevne zadatke. Starije osobe u kuhinji prije svega imaju probleme s održavanjem higijene – 68 %, s neodgovarajućim rasporedom kuhinjskih centara – 56 %, s neadekvatnom rasvjetom – 32 %, s nepropisno dizajniranim namještajem – 72 %, s problemima slabijeg pamćenja – 75 %. Vjerujemo da je potrebno projektirati kuhinjski namještaj prilagođen specifičnim zahtjevima starijih osoba.
This paper focuses on remembrance and commemoration practices in the Gorizia region in the 20th century. In the first part the author explains the theoretical framework of the study on how the ...remembrance sites are formed and what symbolic value these places carry within the formed collective communities. As the object of the study of remembrance, this space offers a chance for exploring and interpreting the relationship of a community to its past, the selection of events that strengthen the formation of the identity of a community, and narrations that accompany these selective stories. In the second part the author analyses the emergence of remembrance places and the understanding of the role of regions, monuments and the act of commemoration itself in the border area. Special attention is given to the analysis of forming the Italian collective memory of WWI and the formation of Slovenian collective memory after WWII within the prism of discourses and monuments that visually embody these stories. War memorials carry a defined political role, which offers the identification with ancestors and the national struggle through the initiated discourse of sacrifice in the name of nation and freedom. Public memorials are, as the paper intends to show, the products of mediation between the community and its collective memory, they are tangible subjects that strengthen and substantiate carefully written historical narrations. The presented case of the Gorizia region shows how the practices of collective memory of the border area are formed in the relation to the events of the 20th century. Although individuals are those who remember, commemoration as a process is a social formation, built by the factors of collective memory such as language, commemoration practices, rituals. The act of remembering as well as the establishment of commemoration sites, commemoration acts and collective celebrations of selected calender days build the views of the past, which are necessary for the present social time. The formation of memorial sites, which was the novelty of the first third of the 20th century, offers researchers a fruitful ground for new research. They especially offer the possibility for the encounters of the meanings of interpretations of formed discourses in the time when narration emerges as well as through the prism of a public symbol that catalyses such narration.
Was Gorica/Gorizia liberated or occupied in May 1945? The present article analyses memory-based testimonials about the post-war period and the existing historical discourses on this topic. Based on ...narrations concerning the events occurring in Gorica in May 1945, it presents the thesis that individual memories about the past are formed in relation to the corresponding national community. From the material examined and the presented theoretical principles, the author derives the assertion that socially formed narrations in the border area polarize into schemata linked to nationally defined identities. According to the group forming the memory two fundamental, diametrically opposed types of discourse are distinguished: the victimisation and liberation/ salvation discourses. The first part of the paper focuses on the role of individual memories in the process of forming collective images of the past. Through collective memory analyses, the author thematizes the methods of forming individual memories and investigates the influences of the community on an individual's perception of past events. The remembering process is interpreted through a social context and through the presentation of complex relations towards the interpretation of historical events that occurred in the border area. By means of the presented event of liberation/occupation of Gorica in May 1945, the author confirms the thesis that memories of the past are formed in relation to the corresponding national community. The conclusion is that the construction of individual memory is inseparable from the collective memory, in which the language of the narrator plays a key role. The latter is, at the same time, the shaper of discourses on memory and testifier to the social identity. The second part of the paper uses the life stories of the testifiers and through their personal narrations outlines the course of events which took place in May 1945. The memories of the testifiers not only suggest different interpretations of the events, but are also vehicles for different stories. The testimonies offer 'conflicting memories' about what happened on that 1st of May, unshared memories that on the one side built (polarised) collective memories and on the other underwent opposing media discourses about who liberated the city and was therefore entitled to manage it.
PDF
