Although Damsissa (Ambrosia maritima) is traditionally used as anti-inflammatory and diuretic, the biological activity and mechanism of action of its major constituents are to be elucidated.
to ...decipher the anti-arthritic potential of damsin (DMS) and neoambrosin (NMS) and to unfold their molecular signaling in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis model.
the right hind paw was inoculated with CFA (0.1 ml) at day 0 and 7 while treatments were started from the 14th day and continued for 2 weeks. Rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups; normal group (NRML), CFA-induced arthritis group, CFA-induced arthritis treated with DMS and NMS (10 mg/kg/day) as 3rd and 4th group; respectively.
Throughout experimental period, treatments ameliorated the increase of paw volume, knee joint diameter and nociception tests as reflected in open field arena. Also, DSM and NMS suppressed phosphorylation of Akt, STAT-3, ERK1/2 which was further mirrored by inactivation of GSK3β and downregulation of MCP-1 together with CCN1 and NF-kβ in hind paw tissue. Concomitantly, inflammation markers; TNF-α, IL-6, -12 were lowered as confirmed microscopically during examination of hind paw tissue.
DSM and NMS-induced suppression of NF-kβ subdues clinical features of RA most probably through repression of Akt/ERK1/2/STAT3 pathway. Therefore, DMS and NMS can serve as safe and effective treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, one of the most disabling chronic, inflammatory and painful autoimmune disease.
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•Damsin and neoambrosin are the major sesquiterpene lactones of the traditional herb, Damsissa.•Damsin and neoambrosin alleviate rheumatoid arthritis by repressing NF-kβ.•Damsin and neoambrosin repress NF-kβ by repressing Akt/ERK1/2/STAT3 pathway.•Damsin and neoambrosin could be a new antirheumatic drug lead.
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•14 Essential oils of family myrtaceae were extracted from their plant sources.•Oil samples were analyzed using ATR-IR vibrational spectroscopy.•Applying PCA and HCA to the data ...resulted in reliable chemotype classification.•This model may be used for essential oil quality assessment.
The essential oils obtained from plants belonging to various Myrtaceae genera (Eucalyptus, Corymbia, Melaleuca, Syzygium, and Eugenia) were analyzed non-destructively by applying Attenuated Total Reflection Infrared (ATR-IR) vibrational spectroscopy. The spectroscopic analysis was based on the key bands of the individual volatile substances using the spectral data of the individual terpenoids, which allowed for the discrimination of different essential oil profiles. The spectroscopic data was compared to Gas Chromatography– Mass Spectroscopy GC–MS) analyses of the oils and results showed high correlation. Additionally, the combination of vibrational spectroscopy and chemometric analyses provided a fast, easy and reliable method for volatilome based classification comparable to that of chromatographic results. These results suggest ATR-IR as a potentially reliable method for identification, classification and quality control purposes of various essential oils.
•Investigation of a wide range of bioactivities in mint with 19 taxa studied.•Bioactivities for two new species Mentha diemenica and M. requienii.•Novel HDAC inhibition assay for bioactivity relevant ...to Alzheimer’s disease.•Expansion of mint phytochemistry via LC-QTOF-MS.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive age-related brain disorder that slowly destroys memory, with no cure for AD currently available. Plants from the Lamiaceae have been used traditionally for improving memory. Nineteen Mentha taxa were screened for in vitro antioxidant and acetyl- (AChE) and butyryl-cholinesterase (BuChE) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition activities. Total phenolic content was assessed, together with chromatographic determination of the phenolic composition. Two species, Mentha diemenica and M. requienii, were investigated for the first time. Mints showed strong antioxidant and moderate AChE and BuChE inhibition activities. Mint extracts exhibited good HDAC inhibition activity which was strongly correlated to their biophenol content. Apigenin-7-O-β-D-diglucuronide, chicoric acid and isosakuranetin were tentatively identified as new compounds in Mentha. Our results suggest that mints provide a substantial basis for future research into AD treatment. Furthermore, we highlight that biophenol composition and bioactivity can vary according to several factors within a single taxon.
Methanol-soluble constituents from the flowers, non-flowering aerial parts and roots of Chrysanthemum pacificum Nakai were analysed via high resolution UPLC-PDA-qTOF-MS followed by chemometrics. ...Forty-seven chromatographic peaks belonging to various metabolite classes were detected. Most metabolite classes showed qualitative and quantitative differences across parts, with luteolin conjugates being mostly enriched in flowers whereas non-flowering aerial parts contained mostly quercetin and methoxylated flavone conjugates. Root sample ranked the lowest for all flavones and dicaffeoylquinic acids. In contrast, 1,5-di-caffeoylquinic acid levels were found at high levels in flowers and aerial parts reaching 3145 and 1390 μg/g, respectively, suggesting that C. pacificum could serve as a natural resource of this well-recognised anti-hepatotoxic phenolic. Principal component analysis was further used for organs classification in an untargeted manner. This study provides the first map of secondary metabolites distribution in C. pacificum Nakai organs.
A new approach toward cancer therapy is the use of cancer vaccine, yet the different molecular bases of cancers, reduce the effectiveness of this approach. In this article, we aim to use matrix ...metalloproteinase-9 protein (MMP9) which is an essential molecule in the survival and metastasis of all types of cancers as a target for universal cancer vaccine design. The reference sequence of MMP9 protein was obtained from NCBI databases. Furthermore, the B-cell and T cell-related peptides were analyzed using the IEDB website and other related soft wares. The best candidate peptides were then visualized using chimera software. Three peptides were found to be good candidates for interactions with B cells (SLPE, RLYT, and PALPR), while 10 peptides were found as good targets for interactions with MHC1 and another 10 peptides founded suitable for interactions with MHC2 with population coverages of 94.77 and 90.67%, respectively. Finally, the immune response simulation and molecular docking were done using the C-IMMSIM simulator and AutoDock Vina to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed vaccine. By the end of this project: twenty-three peptide-based vaccine was designed for use as a universal cancer vaccine which has a high world population coverage for MHC1 (94.77%) and MHC2 (90.67%) related alleles.
There is a cellular crosstalk between Wnt/β-catenin and Hippo/Yes-related protein 1 signaling paths in colon cancer (CC) which promotes EMT processes that mediate the metastatic progression of CC. We ...aimed to evaluate follistatin-like 3 (FSTL3), ADAM12, and FAT4 expressions in CC. A statistical analysis was done to establish how disease-free survival, overall survival (OS), and relapse all performed a prognostic role. High FSTL3 was detected in 68% of CC and significantly related to left-sided tumors (
P
= 0.002) and the advanced tumor features, such as metastasis (
P
= 0.010), pT (
P
= 0.006), high grade (
P
= 0.005), lymph node contribution (
P
= 0.013), and advanced stage (
P
= 0.003). Positive ADAM12 expression was observed in 60% and significantly related to left-sided tumors (
P
= 0.001) and significantly common in high grade (
P
= 0.028), lymph node involvement (
P
< 0.001), and advanced stage (
P
= 0.004). Low FAT4 expression was recognized in 76% and linked with the right-sided tumors (
P
= 0.036). FAT4 expression was contrariwise linked with CC grade (
P
< 0.001). Furthermore, FAT4 expression was inversely correlated with lymph node involvement (
P
= 0.002), metastasis (
P
= 0.046), and advanced stage (
P
= 0.002). During the follow-up, 14 cases were relapsed and positively associated with high FSTL3 expression (
P
= 0.001) and ADAM12 expression (
P
< 0.001), but negatively linked with FAT4 expression (
P
= 0.003). Shorter disease-free survival was substantially correlated with positive ADAM12, extreme FSTL3, and low FAT4 expression (
P
< 0.001,
P
= 0.002,
P
= 0.003, consecutively). Moreover, Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated a significant correlation between shorter OS with extreme FSTL3, positive ADAM12, and low FAT4 (
P
= 0.004, <0.001, 0.019, consecutively). High FSTL3, positive ADAM12, and low FAT4 expression are unfavorable prognostic influences in CC that may be accountable for relapse and therapeutic resistance in CC.
Death in cervical cancer patients is usually due to invasion and metastasis due to the aggressive nature of the tumour. Therefore, it is critical to identify potent therapeutic targets and prognostic ...markers to detect high-risk patients.
We assessed the immunohistochemical expression of protein disulphide isomerase A3 (PDIA3) and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) in 50 cases of cervical carcinoma, and we investigated their association with clinicopathological characteristics.
High PDIA3 was detected in 50% of cases, and statistical analysis revealed a positive correlation between high PDAI3 expression and tumour grade (
< 0.001) and large tumour size (
= 0.010), depth of stromal invasion (
= 0.017), lymph-vascular invasion (
= 0.005), parametrial invasion (
< 0.001), nodal metastasis (
< 0.001), and higher International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics stages (
< 0.001). Positive nuclear expression of p-STAT3 was detected in 44% of cases and showed significant association with histological grade (p = 0.036), tumour stage (
= 0.021), nodal metastasis (
= 0.020), and parametrial invasion (
= 0.045); statistical analysis of the patient's survival data revealed that shorter overall survival and disease-free survival, S, were associated with high PDIA3 expression and positive p-STAT3 immunoexpression.
The high expression of PDIA3 and p-STAT3 was related to highly aggressive cervical carcinoma with poor prognosis, and high risk of recurrence after the standardised protocol of treatment. Hence, both PDIA3 and p-STAT3 could be considered as novel biomarkers for tumour progression and promising targets in the management of cervical carcinoma patients.
Improving breastfeeding practices does not always link to interventions relying only on improving nutrition awareness and education but needs cultural and behavioral insights .
This study aimed to ...evaluate the changes in core breastfeeding indicators as a result of the use of social marketing (SM) approach for improving breastfeeding practices of Egyptian women and the physical growth of infants aged 6 to 12 months. The core breastfeeding indicators were: Early initiation of breastfeeding within one hour of birth, Predominant and exclusive breastfeeding to 6 months (EBF), Bottle feeding with formula, continued breastfeeding to 1 and 2 years, and responsiveness to cues of hunger and satiety.
A quasi-experimental longitudinal study with a posttest-only control design was done over 3 years in three phases; the first was in-depth interviews and formative research followed by health education and counseling interventions and ended by measuring the outcome. Motivating mothers' voluntary behaviors toward breastfeeding promotion "feeding your baby like a baby" was done using SM principles: product, price, place, and promotion. The interventions targeted 646 pregnant women in their last trimester and delivered mothers and 1454 women in their childbearing period. The statistical analysis was done by using SPSS program, version 26.
Most mothers showed significantly increased awareness about the benefits of breastfeeding and became interested in breastfeeding their children outside the house using the breastfeeding cover (Gawn) (p < 0.05). Breastfeeding initiation, exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months, frequency of breastfeeding per day, and percentage of children who continued breastfeeding till 2 years, were significantly increased (from 30%, 23%, 56%, and 32% to 62%, 47.3%, 69%, and 43.5% respectively). The girls who recorded underweight results over boys during the first year of life were significantly improved (p < 0.01) after the intervention (from 52.1% to 18.8% respectively). At the same time, girls found to be obese before the intervention (15.6%) became no longer obese.
Improvement for the majority of the key breastfeeding indicators and physical growth of infants indicates that raising a healthy generation should start by promoting breastfeeding practices that are respectable to societal norms.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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