Measurements of midrapidity charged-particle multiplicity distributions, dNch/dη, and midrapidity transverse-energy distributions, dET/dη, are presented for a variety of collision systems and ...energies. Included are distributions for Au+Au collisions at sNN=200, 130, 62.4, 39, 27, 19.6, 14.5, and 7.7 GeV, Cu+Cu collisions at sNN=200 and 62.4 GeV, Cu+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV, U+U collisions at sNN=193 GeV, d+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV, He3+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV, and p+p collisions at sNN=200 GeV. Centrality-dependent distributions at midrapidity are presented in terms of the number of nucleon participants, Npart, and the number of constituent quark participants, Nqp. For all A+A collisions down to sNN=7.7 GeV, it is observed that the midrapidity data are better described by scaling with Nqp than scaling with Npart. Also presented are estimates of the Bjorken energy density, BJ, and the ratio of dET/dη to dNch/dη, the latter of which is seen to be constant as a function of centrality for all systems.
As measured by a right heart catheterization, pulmonary hypertension is an increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure of more than 25 mmHg at rest or more than 30 mmHg during exercise. Some of the ...cardiac heart conditions that may develop during pregnancy include severe mitral regurgitation and mild tricuspid regurgitation. Prior to delivery, pregnant patients with pulmonary hypertension and significant multivalvular heart disease need to undergo careful preoperative, multidisciplinary assessment, and anaesthetic planning to maximize cardiac function during the peripartum period and make informed decisions about the delivery mood and anaesthetic technique.
A 30-year-old Para two Gravid three pregnant mother presented with chronic rheumatic heart disease, severe mitral regurgitation, moderate pulmonary hypertension, severe left atrial dilatation, mild aortic regurgitation, and mild tricuspid regurgitation scheduled for elective cesarean section. She had one previous cesarean section four years ago with an indication of fetal macrosomia. Her cardiac condition, however, was moderate mitral regurgitation, mild left atrial dilatation, mild pulmonary hypertension, and no tricuspid or aortic regurgitation. She had continuous follow-ups after diagnosis until now but has not taken any medication.
Anaesthesia management in a patient with severe mitral regurgitation, moderate pulmonary hypertension, severe left atrial dilatation, mild aortic regurgitation, and mild tricuspid regurgitation was challenging in resource limited area. Even if spontaneous delivery is recommended for the patients with cardiac findings, a cesarean delivery will need in the area where limited access to support it. Goal-directed perioperative management with multidisciplinary involvement helps the patient to have a good outcome.
The PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has measured φ meson production and its nuclear modification in asymmetric Cu + Au heavy-ion collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV at both forward ...Cu-going direction (1.2 < y < 2.2) and backward Au-going direction (-2.2 < y < -1.2) rapidities. The measurements are performed via the dimuon decay channel and reported as a function of the number of participating nucleons, rapidity, and transverse momentum. In the most central events, 0%–20% centrality, the φ meson yield integrated over 1 < pT < 5 GeV/c prefers a smaller value, which means a larger nuclear modification, in the Cu-going direction compared to the Au-going direction. Finally and additionally, the nuclear-modification factor in Cu + Au collisions averaged over all centrality is measured to be similar to the previous PHENIX result in d + Au collisions for these rapidities.
Healthcare-associated infections pose one of the most severe threats to patients’ health and remain a major challenge for healthcare providers globally. Among healthcare-associated infections, ...surgical site infection is one of the most commonly reported infections. It remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality across the world. The aim of this study was to provide a pooled incidence of surgical site infection among patients on a regional and global scale. This study was conducted under the PRISMA guidelines developed for systematic review and meta-analysis. The studies were searched using electronic databases (SCOPUS, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, DOAJ, and MedNar) from June 1st, 2022 to August 4th, 2022, using Boolean logic operators (AND, OR, and NOT), Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), and keywords. The quality of the study was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Assessment tool to determine the relevance of each included article to the study. A comprehensive meta-analysis version 3 was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of surgical site infections among the patients. A total of 2124 articles were retrieved from the included electronic databases. Finally, after applying inclusion criteria, 43 articles conducted in 39 countries were included in the current study. The global pooled incidence of SSI was found to be 2.5% (95% CI: 1.6, 3.7). Based on the subgroup analysis by WHO region and survey period, the incidence of SSI was 2.7% (95% CI: 2.2, 3.3%) and 2.5% (95% CI: 1.8, 3.5%), respectively. The highest incidence was reported in the African Region (7.2% 95% CI: 4.3, 11.8%) and among studies conducted between 1996 and 2001 (2.9% 95% CI: 0.9%, 8.8%). This study revealed that the overall pooled incidence of SSI was 2.5%. SSI estimates varied among the WHO regions of the world. However, the highest incidence (2.7%) was observed in the African region. This indicates that there is a need to implement safety measures, including interventions for SSI prevention to reduce SSI and improve patient safety.
Healthcare-associated infection is one of the most common and severe threats to patients’ health and remains a significant challenge for healthcare providers. Among healthcare-associated infections, ...urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections. This study aimed to determine the global incidence of UTI among patients. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline was used to perform this systematic review and meta-analysis. The articles were searched from April 4 to August 5, 2022, from electronic databases (Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, DOAJ, and MedNar) using Boolean logic operators, MeSH terms, and keywords. The quality of the study was assessed using the JBI Critical Assessment tool. One thousand nine ninety three articles were retrieved from the electronic databases, of which 38 articles conducted on 981 221 patients were included in the current study. The study found the global pooled incidence of UTI accounted for 1.6%. Based on the subgroup analysis by survey period and WHO region, the highest incidence of UTI was reported in the African Region 3.6% and among studies conducted between 1996 and 2001 3.7%. This study revealed the overall pooled incidence of UTI was 1.6%. The highest incidence of UTI (3.6%) was reported in the African region. This indicates that there is a need to implement safety measures.
The correlation between pairs or triplets of particles in relative angle and momentum provides a valuable means of accessing the physics of particle production in heavy ion collisions. A selection of ...recent results from two and three particle correlations measured by the ALICE experiment are presented, and some brief interpretations of their implications are offered.
The production of muons from heavy flavour decays is measured at forward rapidity in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV collected with the ALICE experiment at the LHC. The analysis is carried out ...on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity L int = 16.5 nb - 1 . The transverse momentum and rapidity differential production cross sections of muons from heavy flavour decays are measured in the rapidity range 2.5 < y < 4 , over the transverse momentum range 2 < p t < 12 GeV / c . The results are compared to predictions based on perturbative QCD calculations.
Angular correlations between unidentified charged trigger (t) and associated (a) particles are measured by the ALICE experiment in Pb-Pb collisions at s NN = 2.76 TeV for transverse momenta 0.25 < p ...T t , a < 15 GeV / c , where p T t > p T a . The shapes of the pair correlation distributions are studied in a variety of collision centrality classes between 0 and 50% of the total hadronic cross section for particles in the pseudorapidity interval | eta | < 1.0 . Distributions in relative azimuth Delta phi identical with phi t - phi a are analyzed for | Delta eta | identical with | eta t - eta a | > 0.8 , and are referred to as "long-range correlations". Fourier components V n Delta identical with 〈 cos ( n Delta phi ) 〉 are extracted from the long-range azimuthal correlation functions. If particle pairs are correlated to one another through their individual correlation to a common symmetry plane, then the pair anisotropy V n Delta ( p T t , p T a ) is fully described in terms of single-particle anisotropies v n ( p T ) as V n Delta ( p T t , p T a ) = v n ( p T t ) v n ( p T a ) . This expectation is tested for 1 el n el 5 by applying a global fit of all V n Delta ( p T t , p T a ) to obtain the best values v n { GF } ( p T ) . It is found that for 2 el n el 5 , the fit agrees well with data up to p T a similar to 3 - 4 GeV / c , with a trend of increasing deviation as p T t and p T a are increased or as collisions become more peripheral. This suggests that no pair correlation harmonic can be described over the full 0.25 < p T < 15 GeV / c range using a single v n ( p T ) curve; such a description is however approximately possible for 2 el n el 5 when p T a < 4 GeV / c . For the n = 1 harmonic, however, a single v 1 ( p T ) curve is not obtained even within the reduced range p T a < 4 GeV / c .
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