The aim of this multicentre study is to report the clinical experiences of all patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with a balloon-expandable device in Italy.
The ...Italian Transcatheter balloon-Expandable valve Registry (ITER) is a real-world registry that includes patients who have undergone TAVI with the Sapien (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA, USA) bioprosthesis in Italy since it became available in clinical practice. From 2007 to 2012, 1904 patients were enrolled to undergo TAVI in 33 Italian centres. Outcomes were classified according to the updated Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC-2) definitions. A multivariable analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of all-cause mortality.
Mean age was 81.7 (SD:6.2) years, and 1147 (60.2%) patients were female. Mean Logistic EuroSCORE was 21.1% (SD:13.7). Transfemoral, transapical, transaortic and transaxillary TAVI was performed in 1252 (65.8%), 630 (33.1%), 18 (0.9%) and 4 (0.2%) patients, respectively. Operative mortality was 7.2% (137 patients). The VARC-2 outcomes were as follows: device success, 88.1%; disabling stroke, 1.0%; life-threatening and major bleeding 9.8 and 10.5%, respectively; major vascular complication, 9.7%; acute kidney injury, 8.2%; acute myocardial infarction ≤72 h, 1.5%. Perioperative pacemaker implantation was necessary in 116 (6.1%) patients. At discharge, the mean transprosthetic gradient was 10.7 (SD:4.5) mmHg. Incidence of postoperative mild, moderate or severe paravalvular leak was, respectively, 32.1, 5.0 and 0.4%. A total of 444/1767 (25.1%) deaths after hospital discharge were reported: of these, 168 (37.8%) were classified as cardiac death. Preoperative independent predictors of all-cause mortality were male gender (HR: 1.395; 95% CI:1.052-1.849); overweight, BMI 25-30 kg/m
(HR: 0.775; 95% CI: 0.616-0.974); serum creatinine level (every 1 mg/dl increase; HR: 1.314; 95% CI:1.167-1.480); haemoglobin level (every 1 g/dl increase; HR: 0.905; 95% CI:0.833-0.984); critical preoperative state (HR: 2.282; 95% CI: 1.384-3.761); neurological dysfunction (HR: 1.552; 95% CI:1.060-2.272); atrial fibrillation (HR: 1.556; 95% CI:1.213-1.995); pacemaker rhythm (HR: 1.948; 95% CI:1.310-2.896); NYHA Class III or IV (HR: 1.800; 95% CI:1.205-2.689 or HR: 2.331; 95% CI:1.392-3.903, respectively).
TAVI with a balloon-expandable device in the 'real world' shows good mid-term outcomes in terms of survival, technical success, valve-related adverse events and haemodynamic performance.
Different case series have been published demonstrating the feasibility of
endovascular repair of the ascending aorta in selected patients deemed unfit for
open surgery. However, the use of ...commercially available stent graft in the
ascending aorta remains off-label, and their excessive length often prevents
their deployment in the ascending aorta. Here we report a case of successful
primary endovascular repair of the ascending aorta using a physician modified
off-the-shelf device.
The aim of this study was to examine perioperative mortality and morbidity and midterm results in patients undergoing coronary bypass graft and mitral valve annuloplasty with advanced dilated ...cardiomyopathy. Sixty-one patients with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy underwent coronary artery bypass grafting and mitral valve annuloplasty between January 1998 and December 2003. Patients eligible for revascularization that presented a mild or more severe mitral valve regurgitation at echocardiography (effective regurgitant orifice > 0.2 cm(2)) were considered for annuloplasty with a Cosgrove ring. New York Heart Association class (NYHA) III/IV was present in 40 patients (66%) and Canadian Cardiovascular Society class III-IV in 19 (31%). A previous acute myocardial infarction was reported in 48 patients (79%). The mean number of graft anastomoses was 2.5 +/- 0.7 and the left internal mammary artery was used in 49 patients (80%). In-hospital mortality was 4.9% (3 patients), due to unsuccessful weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass, multiple organ failure, and stroke, respectively. Left ventricle ejection fraction improved from 28.9% +/- 5.2% preoperatively to 35.4% +/- 8.1% at follow-up (P = 0.0001) and a significant reduction in NYHA III/IV was detected: from 40 patients preoperatively (66%) to 14 (31%) at follow-up (P = 0.031). Midterm cardiac-related mortality rate was 3.4%. In our experience combined coronary artery bypass grafting and ring annuloplasty for ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy can be performed with acceptable risks for in-hospital mortality and morbidity. Midterm results show a good survival rate and a durable functional improvement in this subset of patients.
Congenital atresia of the LMCA is an extremely rare anomaly which is often clinically complicated by silent angina, myocardial infarction, failure to thrive, or sudden cardiac death. Moreover, the ...atretic and ectopic origin of the LMCA associated with aortic valve anomalies is an even rarer condition. Herein, the case is described of a patient with a very rare association between the ectopic and atretic left main coronary artery (LMCA) and severe aortic valve regurgitation.
Stroke incidence after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) still represents a concern. This multicentre study aimed at investigating the hypothesis that CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores may ...be used to predict perioperative stroke after TAVI.
The Italian Transcatheter Balloon-Expandable Valve Implantation Registry (ITER) is a multicentre, prospective registry of patients undergoing balloon-expandable TAVI using Edwards Sapien and Sapien XT prosthesis between 2007 and 2012. The primary end-point of this study was the 30-day stroke rate. Secondary safety end-points were all the major adverse events based on Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC-2) criteria.
One thousand nine hundred and four patients were enrolled in the registry. Mean age was 81.6 ± 6.2 years and 1147 (60.2%) patients were female; mean CHADS
and CHA
DS
-VASc scores were 2.2 ± 0.8 and 4.4 ± 1.1, respectively. Fifty-four (2.8%) patients had a stroke within 30 days. At multivariable logistic regression analysis, CHA
DS
-VASc (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.03-1.78; P = 0.031) and previous cardiac surgery (OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.06-3.6; P = 0.033) but not CHADS
(OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.76-1.44; P = 0.77) were found to be independent predictors of in-hospital stroke. A CHA
DS
-VASc score ≥5 was strongly related to the occurrence of in-hospital stroke (OR: 2.51, 95% CI: 1.38-4.57; P= 0.001). However, CHA
DS
-VASc score showed only poor accuracy for in-hospital stroke with a trend for better accuracy when compared with CHADS
score (area under the curve: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.59-0.63 vs 0.51; 95% CI: 0.49-0.54, respectively, P = 0.092).
In TAVI patients, CHA
DS
-VASc provided a strong correlation for in-hospital stroke but with low accuracy. Dedicated scores to properly tailor procedures and preventive strategies are needed.
There is an increasing number of patients with mitral regurgitation secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy. Ischemic mitral regurgitation is a common complication of left ventricular dysfunction related ...to chronic coronary artery disease: it is present in 10-20% of these patients and is associated with a worse prognosis also after coronary revascularization. Currently, coronary artery bypass grafting combined with restrictive annuloplasty is the most commonly performed surgical procedure, although novel approaches have been used with varying degrees of success. The suboptimal results obtained with the commonly used surgical approaches require the development of alternative surgical techniques with the aim to correct the causal mechanisms of the disease. In fact the pathophysiology of ischemic mitral regurgitation is multifactorial involving global and regional left ventricular remodeling, as well as the dysfunction and distortion of the components of the entire mitral valve apparatus. The purpose of this review is to present the current surgical techniques available for the treatment of ischemic mitral regurgitation and to discuss novel approaches to the repair of this complex disease. (www.actabiomedica.it).
OBJECTIVES
There are limited reliable data on the long-term survival of patients operated upon with double-valve surgery (DVS) in the literature. In this study, in-hospital mortality and 5-year ...survival were determined and the potential risk factors for increased mortality were identified and discussed.
METHODS
This is a report of an observational retrospective study of 1167 patients undergoing concomitant aortic and mitral valve surgery from 2002 to 2011. Data were prospectively collected in a regional database from Emilia-Romagna (Italy).
RESULTS
The overall in-hospital mortality rate for DVS was 6.9%. Both in-hospital and 1-year mortality were statistically significant between age groups. In-hospital mortality was significantly higher for patients with a smaller body mass index (BMI), for those who had concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and those who received mitral valve replacement (MVR) instead of plasty (MVP). In-hospital and 1-year mortality were highest in patients ≥70 who had implantation of mitral and aortic mechanical valves. There were significant differences in 5-year follow-up survival according to age, BMI and concomitant CABG. The choice of MVR and MVP did not affect 5-year survival. Multivariable analysis showed that patient-related factors appear to be the major determinant of late survival, irrespective of the type of operation or other intraoperative variables.
CONCLUSIONS
Advanced age, smaller BMI and concomitant CABG are significant risk factors for mortality in DVS. MVP provided comparable 5-year outcomes with MVR. Multivariable analysis demonstrates that preoperative and clinical patient-related factors are the real burden in the successful treatment of patients undergoing double-valve procedures.
Benign lipomatous lesion of the heart includes an heterogeneous group of entities including neoplastic, congenital and reparative phenomena. Among these lipomas and lipomatous hypertrophy of the ...atrial septum ( LHIS) represent the most common lesion. Patients suffering from LHIS are often asymptomatic, however atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure and supraventricular tachycardia are typical findings. Here we present a rare case of LHIS symptomatic for asthenia and dyspnea.
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