Pakistan is facing a robust wave of nationalism in the shape of the Pashtun Tahafuz (protection) movement. It is not the first time Pakistan is experiencing the outburst of a peripheral nationalist ...movement. Since the inception of Pakistan in 1947, it has been confronting the multiple challenges stemming out from the ethnic movements. Pakistan was fragmented in 1971 at the hands of the Bengali sub-nationalist movement. The separatist demands in Sindh and the secessionist demands in Baluchistan have been striking the polity. The Pashtun nationalism is emerging as a new daunting challenge in the aftermath of the war on terrorism in the contemporary political and social landscape of Pakistan. This study will make a multi-pronged analysis of the propensity of peripheral nationalist movements in Pakistan and will dissect the rise of the Pashtun Tahafuz movement and its possible implications for state and society in Pakistan.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The proper functioning of the government and administration of Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) is taken care of by Pakistan through the successive installment of courts and a series of acts that inter ...alia include the 1962 Act, the 1970 Act, and the Interim Constitution Act 1974. This paper discusses power-sharing arrangements in AJK, and makes connections to asymmetrical federalism and liminality. It further dissects the matrix of the 13th amendment in the constitution of Azad Kashmir and how it changed the nature of the relationship between AJK and Pakistan. The paper also underscores the contemporary contours of state and polity in AJK and the debate on the 14th amendment.
There are tangible indicators that India, being a revisionist state and with a mature space program, aspires to join the club of states with space weapon capability. It is argued that India's quest ...for space weaponization is detrimental to strategic stability and deterrence of the South Asian region. Re-conceptualizing and revising existing space laws to develop a new legal framework to address momentum towards the weaponization of outer space is important in this context. This paper assesses the emerging trend of space militarization leading to space weaponization and its implications for South Asian security.
The rise of a new political lexicon—indirectly referring to the military's interference in political affairs—in Pakistan's civil–military relations (2013–2018) is a recent development. It marked the ...beginning of a transitionary phase in the country's political culture and provided an alternative medium for political dissent. It helped strike a balance between outright confrontation and complete conformism by civilian forces in the political spectrum. The consequent formation was tactical deference on the part of civilian authorities to voice dissent. This mode of dissent became prevalent in the statements of the party leaders. It is a pioneering step toward a more inclusive and open society in the country. This study explores how did the new political lexicon impact the state and society in Pakistan. This article covers a five‐year period from 2013 to 2018.
Deafness in vertebrates is associated with variants of hundreds of genes. Yet, many mutant genes causing rare forms of deafness remain to be discovered. A consanguineous Pakistani family segregating ...nonsyndromic deafness in two sibships were studied using microarrays and exome sequencing. A 1.2 Mb locus (DFNB128) on chromosome 5q11.2 encompassing six genes was identified. In one of the two sibships of this family, a novel homozygous recessive variant NM_005921.2:c.4460G>A p.(Arg1487His) in the kinase domain of MAP3K1 co-segregated with nonsyndromic deafness. There are two previously reported Map3k1-kinase-deficient mouse models that are associated with recessively inherited syndromic deafness. MAP3K1 phosphorylates serine and threonine and functions in a signaling pathway where pathogenic variants of HGF, MET, and GAB1 were previously reported to be associated with human deafness DFNB39, DFNB97, and DFNB26, respectively. Our single-cell transcriptome data of mouse cochlea mRNA show expression of Map3k1 and its signaling partners in several inner ear cell types suggesting a requirement of wild-type MAP3K1 for normal hearing. In contrast to dominant variants of MAP3K1 associated with Disorders of Sex Development 46,XY sex-reversal, our computational modeling of the recessive substitution p.(Arg1487His) predicts a subtle structural alteration in MAP3K1, consistent with the limited phenotype of nonsyndromic deafness.
An innovative biacetyl-modified
Triticum aestivum
(BMTA) was prepared and its biosorption efficiency was investigated for the removal of Pb(II) and Cr(III) ions from synthesized single and binary ...metal solutions. The characterization using infrared spectrum, surface area determination and potentiometric titrations indicated an increased acid content of the biomass, indicating BMTA as a potential choice for the binding of metal ions at a relatively low pH. The isoelectric point was found to be at pH 4.5. Various biosorption parameters were optimized. Langmuir model best fitted the experimental equilibrium data with q
max
27.39mg/g for Pb(II) ions and 24.69mg/g for Cr(III) ions in single metal system and 24.21mg/g for Pb(II) and 12.97mg/g for Cr(III) ions in binary system, respectively. The kinetics was described by pseudo-second-order model both in single and binary metal system. The studies indicated relatively selective biosorption of Pb(II) ions by BMTA compared to other metal ions.
SARS-CoV-2 is a causative agent for COVID-19 disease, initially reported from Wuhan, China. The infected patients experienced mild to severe symptoms, resulting in several fatalities due to a weak ...understanding of its pathogenesis, which is the same even to date. This cross-sectional study has been designed on 452 symptomatic mild-to-moderate and severe/critical patients to understand the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with their comorbidities and response to treatment. The mean age of the studied patients was 58 ± 14.42 years, and the overall male to female ratio was 61.7 to 38.2%, respectively. In total, 27.3% of the patients had a history of exposure, and 11.9% had a travel history, while for 60% of patients, the source of infection was unknown. The most prevalent signs and symptoms in ICU patients were dry cough, myalgia, shortness of breath, gastrointestinal discomfort, and abnormal chest X-ray (
p
< 0.001), along with a high percentage of hypertension (
p
= 0.007) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (
p
= 0.029) as leading comorbidities. The complete blood count indicators were significantly disturbed in severe patients, while the coagulation profile and D-dimer values were significantly higher in mild-to-moderate (non-ICU) patients (
p
< 0.001). The serum creatinine (1.22 μmol L
-1
;
p
= 0.016) and lactate dehydrogenase (619 μmol L
-1
;
p
< 0.001) indicators were significantly high in non-ICU patients, while raised values of total bilirubin (0.91 μmol L
-1
;
p
= 0.054), C-reactive protein (84.68 mg L
-1
;
p
= 0.001), and ferritin (996.81 mg L
-1
;
p
< 0.001) were found in ICU patients. The drug dexamethasone was the leading prescribed and administrated medicine to COVID-19 patients, followed by remdesivir, meropenem, heparin, and tocilizumab, respectively. A characteristic pattern of ground glass opacities, consolidation, and interlobular septal thickening was prominent in severely infected patients. These findings could be used for future research, control, and prevention of SARS-CoV-2-infected patients.
The China–Pakistan relation has historical underpinning. By establishing diplomatic relations in 1951, each passing decade has witnessed that China–Pakistan relations coalesce into a dependable ...friendship. This relationship has gone beyond the usual diplomatic and political comfortability transcending to a broad-based framework incorporating economics, trade and defence dimensions. In the given context, this paper is an empirical study aiming to examine the historical process in the gradual culmination of China–Pakistan relations into a broad-based partnership. It further evaluates the present nature of relationship between the two countries and the prospects it holds in the wake of changing world scenario. By primarily focusing on the secondary sources of data and interviewing key people from the decision-making circles, this paper argues that the China–Pakistan relation is deep-rooted in the history and the on-going collaboration between China and Pakistan in defence and economy is the natural evolution of their mutual ties.
Hindutva has become a social reality with its overarching imprints on Indian polity and its subsequent reflection on India’s political landscape. The revocation of Article 370 and the amendment in ...the Citizenship Amendment Bill are symptomatic of these undercurrents. The domestic underpinnings under Modi had been primarily guided by the Hindu nationalistic narrative. The non-acceptance and non-accommodative overtures in the guise of majoritarian values spearheaded India’s transition into a narrow and parochial polity. The Modi phenomenon dwindled the construction of Nehruvian state based on mutual coexistence and composite culture. This paper attempts to dissect BJP’s ideology matrix and its historical evolution. It explicates the manifestation of Hinduness in the tenure of Modi government from 2014 onwards. It further delineates the emerging contours of state and society in India and analyzes the contemporary ideological undercurrents within India. Bibliography Entry Ahmed, Raja Qaiser. 2020. "Hindu Nationalism, Modi Factor and the Ideology Matrix in Contemporary India." Margalla Papers 24 (1): 44-53.
The proper functioning of the government and administration of Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) is taken care of by Pakistan through the successive installment of courts and a series of acts that inter ...alia include the 1962 Act, the 1970 Act, and the Interim Constitution Act 1974. This paper discusses power-sharing arrangements in AJK, and makes connections to asymmetrical federalism and liminality. It further dissects the matrix of the 13
th
amendment in the constitution of Azad Kashmir and how it changed the nature of the relationship between AJK and Pakistan. The paper also underscores the contemporary contours of state and polity in AJK and the debate on the 14
th
amendment.
