In order to increase gross harvest and productivity of rice, the development of new varieties and their timely use in production is of great importance. The Federal Research Center of Rice and ...Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” regularly develop more productive varieties with improved resistance to diseases and other factors. Each variety forms a specific response to various agro-ecological conditions, which affects productivity, which is the main indicator of cost and demand in crop production. The purpose of the current study was a joint ecological testing of new rice varieties, developed in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” in the growing conditions of the Krasnodar Territory jointly with the Federal Research Center of Rice. The study has revealed significant differences in the productivity. The yields of rice varieties varied significantly depending on the variant of the trial. In the ESOS “Krasnaya” the variety ‘Kapitan’ sown after three forecrops and with two variants of fertilizing was the best one, forming 7.26 t/ha and exceeding the standard variety ‘Rapan’ on 0.37 t/ha. In the RPZ “Krasnoarmeisky”, the variety also produced the maximum yield (7.11 t/ha). In 2021, the variety ‘Kapitan’ produced 8.47 t/ha in the JSC “Agrocomplex Rossiya” and 5.00 t/ha in the AF “Kuban” at the level of the new standard ‘Rapan 2’. The productivity of the studied varieties highly positively correlated with the traits ‘length of panicle’ (r = 0.83±0.13), ‘1000-kernel weight’ (r = 0.97±0.10), ‘kernel weight per panicle’ (r=0.97±0.15); there was a mean positive correlation with the traits ‘plant height’ (r = 0.67±0.20) and ‘number of productive stems per area unit’ (r = 0.59±0.18). In the ecological testing in four farms, rice productivity was closely positively correlated with each other (r was from 0.804 to 0.999) with large differences in absolute values. For cultivation in the Krasnodar Territory there has been recommended a high-productive variety ‘Kapitan’ of joint breeding of the ARC “Donskoy” and the FSC of Rice.
Upland rice grown by rice farmers is having the lowest productivity in the rice production system. Drought stress is the most severe abiotic constraint for upland rice. The improvement of rice ...productivity in such ecosystems is essential to meet the food security needs of the population. Therefore, the cultivation of drought tolerant rice is becoming an increasingly important task. Numerous minor traits have been proposed to assist plant breeders in their selection, but most of these traits are not used in breeding because they are not practical for breeding purposes, have low heritability, or are not very correlated with grain productivity. There has been shown, that standardization of drought screening improves heritability under stress to the values similar to those obtained for the yields under well-watered conditions. Nowadays there has now been proven that drought-resistant varieties can be developed by direct selection for productivity under stressful conditions. Currently, there have been identified many quantitative trait loci (QTL) of drought tolerance in rice, but only a few of them are suitable for use in marker breeding. However, the identified genes of great drought tolerance can be effectively used in breeding for drought tolerance. The use of molecular markers will improve the efficiency of breeding work. The current review has briefly considered the importance of rice, its various production systems, and the impact of drought stress on rice production. There have been discussed the physiological mechanisms contributing to the maintenance of grain productivity under drought conditions, and there have been analyzed the breeding methods for improvement of drought resistance.
Introduction.
The article examines collegiality as a category of metaphysics in the religious and philosophical systems of V.S. Solovyov, prot. Sergei Bulgakov and archim. Sophrony (Sakharov). The ...analysis of the category of collegiality is carried out through the prism of personalism, as a basic concept for the metaphysical thinking of these authors.
Materials and Methods.
The research material for the proposed article is monographs and scientific works of Russian researchers devoted to the problems of ecclesiology, sophiology and personalism. In this article, the methods of comparative analysis, historical and philosophical synthesis, generalization, abstraction and interpretation were used.
Results.
The main problem posed in this article is the process of reception of the category of collegiality in Russian religious personalism. Sobornost is a term coined in the Slavophil tradition to express the concept of "unity in a plurality." In the metaphysics of total-unity and in neo-patristic synthesis, this category was perceived because it solved one of the basic questions: how are the personality correlated as the One, and the multitude, as the All-unity? This solution was formally different (for sophiology and neopatristic theology), but structurally identical. Sobornost, as unity in the multitude, realized in the Church, has as its prototype the Trinity of God. At the same time, the study states that collegiality was one of the main categories in which the general Sophian personalism of the Russian philosophical tradition was expressed. Sophia in this case means the nature of the Church, open to hypostasis, and through this hypostasis creates the possibility of Theosis of man. The research focuses on three personalities of the Russian intellectual tradition: the philosopher V.S. Soloviev and theologians Archpriest Sergei Bulgakov and Archimandrite Sophrony (Sakharov).
V.S. Soloviev, as the founder of the Russian metaphysics of All-Unity, uses the concept of God-manhood as a metaphysician of conciliarity, transmitting a personalistic impulse to subsequent philosophers. Late nightingale moves away from theistic personalism towards immanetism, but his disciples, among whom was Archpriest. Sergei Bulgakov, connect the category of conciliarity and the concept of God-manhood in sophiological ecclesiology. In this case, prot. Sergei Bulgakov substantiates his cathedral personalism on the basis of a trinitarian anthropological model. The tradition of neo-patristic synthesis, which is analyzed using the example of archimandrite Sophrony (Sakharov), refuses sophiological terminology, preserving the basic intuitions developed in Russian religious philosophy, returning them to the traditional theological field of meanings.
Discussion and Conclusion
. In the Slavophil tradition, collegiality is understood historiosophically, in the metaphysics of All-Unity - sophiologically, and in the neopatristic synthesis - ecclesiologically. In the philosophy of the Silver Age and theology, personalism becomes one of the main themes, which leads to the transformation of the category of collegiality towards polyhypostasis as the main property of the nature of the Church. At the same time, we see the transformation of a certain basic personal intuition of collegiality, which comes from the church tradition and returns to it, enriched with philosophical meanings.
In modern rice growing, the development of new varieties and their rapid introduction into agricultural production is of great importance. Every year the Federal Research Center of Rice and the ARC ...“Donskoy” develop more productive rice varieties with improved tolerance to unfavorable biotic, abiotic stress factors, with various nutritional qualities of seeds. Any variety responds differently to a variety of agro-ecological conditions, forming different productivity, as the main indicator of cost and demand in production. The current paper has presented the results of ecological variety testing of four rice varieties conducted in 2020 on the fields of ‘Krasnoarmeisky’ and ‘Krasnaya’ located in the Krasnoarmeisky district of the Krasnodar Territory. Each variety was identified on variability of productivity and number of plants per unit area. The productivity of rice varieties varied significantly depending on the variant of the trial (2.93–8.79 t/ha). The variety ‘Kapitan’ significantly surpassed the standard variety ‘Rapan’, when sown after rice and alfalfa, but was at the same level in the agro-ameliorative field. The variety ‘Kapitan’ when sown after ‘AMP’ (high check) formed the maximum productivity of 8.79 t/ha in the background variant and 8.66 t/ha when topdressing with N
30
. It was due to the high resistance of the variety ‘Kapitan’ to local species of blast in difference from other varieties. Rice stand ranged from 70.5 to 519.0 pcs/m
2
. The variability between the varieties within the variant was medium (CV = 11.1–19.2%), and between the experimental variants it was high (CV = 59.0–71.3%). For cultivation in the Krasnodar Territory there has been recommended the rice variety ‘Kapitan’, developed by the ARC “Donskoy” together with FRC of rice, which has shown fairly high productivity with little variability.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world. The development of rice varieties for the conditions of Russia and especially the Rostov region requires a thorough study ...and introduction of the polymorphic gene pool for breeding work. The purpose of this study was to study comprehensively 45 collection Vietnamese rice samples (AGI), to estimate some of the key traits, and to select the best forms for breeding stress-resistant rice crops. These samples show a wide range of resistance to blast disease, bacteriosis, pests, lodging, salinization and flooding. The study was carried out in the Proletarsky district of the Rostov region. The standard varieties were the varieties “Boyarin” and “Yuzhanin” of ARC “Donskoy”. The study of the collection tropical rice gene pool according to a number of important economic and biological quantitative traits identified significant polymorphism. The vegetation period “sproutsflowering” varied from 85 to 142 days. All samples had a modern low-growing habit of plants with vertical rigid leaves and long drooping panicles (17.3–24.3 cm). Plant height ranged from 61.7 cm to 90 cm. Grains are long (9–10 mm), narrow (2–3 mm), with a weight to 29 mg, often with aroma. There was established a positive correlation between plant height and such traits as “kernel weight per panicle”, “1000 kernel weight”, “number of heavy kernels per panicle” and “fertility”. Kernel weight per panicle also correlated with the above-listed traits. Nine rice forms resistant to stress factors and well adapted to the region conditions have been selected for the breeding process. There has been carried out hybridization of the samples “OM 1401”, “OM 6106”, “OM 6561” with the local early ripening variety “Kontrakt”.
The analysis of structural elements of productivity and other quantitative characteristics of rice samples To develop highly productive varieties it’s essential to select middle-high plants that are ...able to produce thick stand with a slight decrease of weight and number of kernels per panicle. Therefore it’s necessary to be aware of the optimal values of quantitative characteristics of rice samples which facilitate the formation of maximum productivity of the best genotypes in the definite soil-climatic conditions. The article presents the results of the analysis of productivity of rice samples approved to competitive variety-testing in 2016-2017 in plant height, number of spikelets and kernels per panicle, 1000-kernel weight, number of productive stems. It has been determined that in 2016 rice productivity ranged from 5.89 to 9.43 t/ha (in average 8.35); in 2017 it ranged from 6.13 to 9.44 t/ha (in average 7.73). The standard variety “Uzhanin” produced 8.48 t/ha in 2016 and 7.23 t/ha in 2017. The conducted correlation analysis of 64 rice samples allowed establishing correlation of structure elements with productivity. The samples with such characteristics as 95-100 sm of plants, 90-96 days of the period “sprouts-flowering”, 360-380 productive stems per 1 m2, 100-115 and 130-135 kernels per panicle and 28-30g of 1000-kernels weight showed their maximum productivity in 2016. In 2017 the most productive samples were the plants of 95-100 sm, 95-97 days of the period “sprouts-flowering”, 360-400 productive stems per 1 m2, 95-110 and 125-130 kernels per panicle and 28g of 1000-kernels weight.
The review summarizes the approaches to the synthesis of natural biologically active indoloquinoline systems isolated from
Cryptolepis sanguinolenta
published over the past twenty years. The ...classification of the existing methods was carried out according to the principle of building of the heterocyclic system: annulation to an already existing indole or quinoline ring or tandem formation of both rings.
A method for the synthesis of 2-(2-acylaminoaryl)quinolines was developed based on a one-pot sequence of direct electrophilic acylamination of arenes with nitroalkanes in polyphosphoric acid and ...acylation at the
ortho
position with respect to the acylamino group.
PDF
