The purpose of the paper lies in analyzing the reasons for the mismatch between educational preparation and labor market requirements, justifying the importance of embedding the mastery of soft ...skills in foreign language learning at higher educational institutions, taking into account the current trends and expectations on the labor market, and sharing the experience of Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman. Methodology. This research aims to investigate the correlation between labour market expectations, career satisfaction, and successful language learning and career preparation in higher education. The study will address the following questions: What justifications exist for school leavers' reluctance to pursue further education? Why are contemporary employers seeking employees with soft skills? And, how may the gap between these issues be bridged? Thus, this paper is based on an analytical review of recent publications and statistical analysis of data obtained from a survey of school leavers. In addition, an inductive approach was used to create generalised theories and conclusions based on a small number of observations. The results of the survey confirmed expectations that the main reason for the significant mismatch between the needs of the labour market and students' unwillingness to spend time on acquiring professional knowledge at university is the lack of social skills in interpersonal communication, in other words, mastering soft skills. Practical implications. The experience of the Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman was shared, illustrating the interactive methods used in the process of learning English.
Roundabout (Robo) receptors provide an essential repulsive cue in neuronal development following Slit ligand binding. This important signaling pathway can also be hijacked in numerous cancers, making ...Slit-Robo an attractive therapeutic target. However, little is known about how Slit binding mediates Robo activation. Here we present the crystal structure of Robo1 Ig1-4 and Robo1 Ig5, together with a negative stain electron microscopy reconstruction of the Robo1 ectodomain. These results show how the Robo1 ectodomain is arranged as compact dimers, mainly mediated by the central Ig domains, which can further interact in a “back-to-back” fashion to generate a tetrameric assembly. We also observed no change in Robo1 oligomerization upon interaction with the dimeric Slit2-N ligand using fluorescent imaging. Taken together with previous studies we propose that Slit2-N binding results in a conformational change of Robo1 to trigger cell signaling.
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•Robo1 Ig1-Ig4 adopts an extended conformation•Robo1 ectodomain forms a compact tetrameric assembly in vitro•No change in Robo1 oligomerization occurs upon interaction with Slit2-N
Slit-Robo signaling is an essential neuronal development pathway, but little is known about how Slit binding to Robo is transmitted across the cell membrane. Aleksandrova et al. present a structural model of a Robo ectodomain to provide insight into receptor activation upon Slit binding.
The 2525 amino acid SMRT corepressor is an intrinsically disordered hub protein responsible for binding and coordinating the activities of multiple transcription factors and chromatin modifying ...enzymes. Here we have studied its interaction with HDAC7, a class IIa deacetylase that interacts with the corepressor complex together with the highly active class I deacetylase HDAC3. The binding site of class IIa deacetylases was previously mapped to an approximate 500 amino acid region of SMRT, with recent implication of short glycine-serine-isoleucine (GSI) containing motifs. In order to characterize the interaction in detail, we applied a random library screening approach within this region and obtained a range of stable, soluble SMRT fragments. In agreement with an absence of predicted structural domains, these were characterized as intrinsically disordered by NMR spectroscopy. We identified one of them, comprising residues 1255-1452, as interacting with HDAC7 with micromolar affinity. The binding site was mapped in detail by NMR and confirmed by truncation and alanine mutagenesis. Complementing this with mutational analysis of HDAC7, we show that HDAC7, via its surface zinc ion binding site, binds to a 28 residue stretch in SMRT comprising a GSI motif followed by an alpha helix.
The discovery of cytidine deaminases as part of toxin–antitoxin systems in bacteria suggests that self-DNA targeting cytidine deaminases of vertebrate immune systems have prokaryotic ...origins.Comparative analyses of RAG-like transposases of invertebrates and vertebrate RAG recombinase suggest a molecular basis for the loss of integrase activity during the domestication process.The lymphocyte lineage is uniquely dependent on DNA maintenance methylase, which represents an orphan descendant of prokaryotic restriction/methylation systems.Conflicts between genetic parasites and host influence the antigen-recognition properties of adaptive immune systems in vertebrates.Higher order conflicts at the cellular level arise from unscheduled and erroneous activities of immune-related host genome editors.
Domestication of ancient toxin/antitoxin systems may have supported the developmental stability of the lymphoid lineage and the emergence of somatic diversification mechanisms of antigen receptor genes.
Genetic conflicts shape the genomes of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Here, we argue that some of the key evolutionary novelties of adaptive immune systems of vertebrates are descendants of prokaryotic toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems. Cytidine deaminases and RAG recombinase have evolved from genotoxic enzymes to programmable editors of host genomes, supporting the astounding discriminatory capability of variable lymphocyte receptors of jawless vertebrates, as well as immunoglobulins and T cell receptors of jawed vertebrates. The evolutionarily recent lymphoid lineage is uniquely sensitive to mutations of the DNA maintenance methylase, which is an orphaned distant relative of prokaryotic restriction-modification systems. We discuss how the emergence of adaptive immunity gave rise to higher order genetic conflicts between genetic parasites and their vertebrate host.
"The modern development of the information society, globalization processes, as well as the development of the international community at the economic, cultural and political levels, places new ...demands on the formation of the competencies of managers of powerful corporations, their training, as well as the conditions for the performance of their duties, which determines the relevance of this article. The purpose of the article is the analysis of intercultural competence as a condition for the formation and development (or improvement) of soft skills for future top managers of transnational financial corporations. Structural, functional and retrospective research methods were used to implement the goal. The results of the research underline the importance of modern cross-cultural management and the peculiarities of its implementation in Ukraine and determined intercultural competence and the factors of its formation in the system of training future top managers (using the empirical experience of Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman). It has also proved the significance of mastering intercultural communication and the development of soft skills in the environment of top managers (based on the analysis of the global context). It has been concluded that there is a dependence of the mechanisms of formation of soft skills on psychological traits. As shown by the practice of teaching relevant academic disciplines at Kyiv National Economic University named after Vadym Hetman, based on mastering, among others, intercultural competence, future managers are able to develop social skills at an appropriate level."
У статті аналізується досвід психолого-педагогічної підготовки майбутніх викладачів економіки у вищих непедагогічних навчальних закладах України. На основі аналізу навчальних дисциплін було ...встановлено, що психолого-педагогічна підготовка спрямована на засади культурологічної підготовки студентів та формування професійно-педагогічної культури, високого рівня мовної компетенції у професійній і науковій сферах комунікації. Зосереджено увагу на управлінській підготовці майбутніх викладачів економіки у ДВНЗ «Київський національний економічний університет імені Вадима Гетьмана». Зроблено висновок про те, що опанування студентами теоретичними управлінськими знаннями та практичними вміннями забезпечує формування їхньої управлінської компетентності, яка сприяє ефективній організації навчально-пізнавального процесу для досягнення відповідних освітніх цілей. З’ясовано, що для удосконалення психолого-педагогічної підготовки майбутніх викладачів їм бракує знань з управлінської культури. Запропоновано авторський спецкурс «Управлінська культура викладача».
Conventional fragments of fluorescent proteins used in bimolecular fluorescence complementation technique (BiFC), form light-emitting species only when they are kept in close proximity by interacting ...proteins of interest. By contrast, certain fluorescent protein fragments complement spontaneously, namely those corresponding to the 1st to 10th beta-strands (GFP1-10) and the 11th beta-strand of superfolder GFP (GFP11). They were designed as folding reporters for high throughput expression and structure biology. Besides, for light microscopy, self-associating fluorescent protein fragments constitute a valuable and sometimes unique tool. The GFP11 tag is very advantageous when a full-length fluorescent protein cannot be fused to a protein of interest, namely for live imaging of certain pathogens. Self-associating GFP fragments enable live labelling of specific synapses, visualization of proteins topology and their exposure to particular subcellular compartments. Present review aims to attract attention of scientific community to these tools and to inspire their further development and applications.
Inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) leads to growth arrest, differentiation, or apoptosis of tumor cell lines, suggesting HDACs as promising targets for cancer therapy. At present, only one ...HDAC inhibitor (HDACi) is used in therapy: suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA). Here, we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of a new series of compounds derived from SAHA by substituting short alkyl chains at various positions of the phenyl ring. Such modifications induced variable effects ranging from partial loss of activity to increased potency. Through molecular modeling, we describe a possible interaction between HDAC7 proline 809, a residue that is strictly conserved within class 2 enzymes only, and the amide group of HDACi, while nuclear magnetic resonance experiments indicated that dimethyl m-substitution may stabilize the inhibitor in the active site. Our data provide novel information on the structure−activity relationship of HDACi and suggest new ways for developing second generation SAHA-like molecules.
In Soviet times, Moscow was a consumers' oasis in a country of rampant scarcity. Millions of workers and peasants from all the free republics met in the capital of the unbreakable Union to stock up ...on delicacies, foreign goods, and all the things not available in the national hinterland. As new markets with a certain degree of specialization emerged, this introduced more stringent terms of trade and other measures aimed at eliminating the negative impact of commerce on the environment and improving the sanitary condition of the area, as well as improving traffic conditions and the general appearance of the environment. The authors analyze the space of commerce during the Soviet Union's existence and after its collapse, and show how popular attitudes changed.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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