Bolinder and Alfredsson Respond Bolinder, Gunilla; Alfredsson, Lars
American journal of public health (1971),
01/1995, Letnik:
85, Številka:
1
Journal Article
STUDY QUESTION Does work related stress increase the risk of common cancers? SUMMARY ANSWER Work related stress, measured and defined as job strain, is not associated with incident colorectal, lung, ...prostate, or breast cancers. WHAT IS KNOWN AND WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Work related stress is associated with many adverse health outcomes, such as coronary heart disease and depression. It has been suggested that work stress could also increase the risk of cancer. Thus far, however, the evidence of this association has been inconclusive.
In a study in the United States, Sweden, and Hungary, 335 cases of gastric bleeding without predisposing factors were compared with 670 control subjects, and 239 cases of duodenal bleeding were ...compared with 489 control subjects. For aspirin taken at least every other day during the week before the onset of bleeding (regular use), the relative risk of gastric bleeding was 4.4 (95% confidence interval CI, 2.9 to 6.7); for occasional use, it was 3.3 (95% CI, 2.1 to 5.0). For ibuprofen, the corresponding estimates were 1.0 (95% CI, 0.4 to 2.6) and 1.1 (95% CI, 0.5 to 2.4). For naproxen, the estimate for regular use was 4.0 (95% CI, 1.5 to 11). The estimates for any use of piroxicam (crude estimate), indo‐methacin, and diclofenac during the week before onset were 18 (95% CI, 4.1 to 83), 1.6 (95% CI, 0.4 to 5.9), and 0.9 (95% CI, 0.2 to 4.2), respectively. The corresponding relative risks of duodenal bleeding were 7.1 (95% CI, 4.2 to 12) and 2.2 (95% CI, 1.3 to 3.7) for the regular and occasional use of aspirin, 2.4 (95% CI, 0.5 to 11) and 0.8 (95% CI, 0.3 to 2.0) for ibuprofen, 12 (95% CI, 2.8 to 54) and 9.9 (95% CI, 2.3 to 44) for naproxen, 17 (95% CI, 3.6 to 79) for any use of piroxicam (crude estimate), and 1.7 (95% CI, 0.2 to 14) for any use of indomethacin. There was a significant trend in the risk of gastric bleeding with increasing dose of regular aspirin use (p = 0.002). The relative risk estimates for the regular use of 325 mg or less were significantly elevated for both gastric and duodenal bleeding at 3.1 and 6.4, respectively.
Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (1993) 53, 485–494; doi:10.1038/clpt.1993.55
Fler nivåer, färre skillnader Ahlbom, Anders; Alfredsson, Lars; Andersson, Tomas ...
Läkartidningen,
2005, Letnik:
102, Številka:
1-2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Det finns många situationer där data är hierarkiskt uppbyggda och där flernivåanalyser kan komma i fråga. Metoderna måste dock anpassas till frågeställningen, och modellerna måste kontrolleras mot ...data.
During recent years, the relationship between exposure to magnetic fields and cancer has attracted increasing interest. In Sweden, train personnel are exposed to comparatively strong magnetic fields ...in their work. The aim of the present study was to investigate cancer incidence, particularly leukemia and brain tumors, among male railway engine drivers and conductors, respectively, and to compare their cancer incidence with that of the general male population. The study population comprised all male railway engine drivers (n = 7,466) and conductors (n = 2,272) who were ever employed at the Swedish State Railways during the period 1976-90. The study population was observed with regard to cancer incidence by means of the National Cancer Register for the period 1976-90. The total cancer incidence (all tumors included) among railway engine drivers was lower than in the general Swedish population. An increased incidence of lymphocytic leukemia was observed among railway engine drivers and conductors combined (relative risk = 2.3; 95 percent confidence interval = 1.3-3.2), with the same point estimate for both occupational groups. For brain tumor (astrocytoma), the observed relative risk was close to one. The study provides evidence of an excess risk of lymphocytic leukemia in railway engine drivers and conductors, workers with known occupational exposure to magnetic fields.
Objective
To determine whether genetic variants of the interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF‐5) and Tyk‐2 genes are associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Methods
Five single‐nucleotide ...polymorphisms (SNPs) in IRF5 and 3 SNPs in Tyk2 were analyzed in a Swedish cohort of 1,530 patients with RA and 881 controls. A replication study was performed in a Dutch cohort of 387 patients with RA and 181 controls. All patient sera were tested for the presence of autoantibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptides (anti‐CCP).
Results
Four of the 5 SNPs located in the 5′ region of IRF5 were associated with RA, while no association was observed with the Tyk2 SNPs. The minor alleles of 3 of the IRF5 SNPs, which were in linkage disequilibrium and formed a relatively common haplotype with a frequency of ∼0.33, appeared to confer protection against RA. Although these disease associations were seen in the entire patient group, they were mainly found in RA patients who were negative for anti‐CCP. A suggestive association of IRF5 SNPs with anti‐CCP–negative RA was also observed in the Dutch cohort.
Conclusion
Given the fact that anti‐CCP–negative RA differs from anti‐CCP–positive RA with respect to genetic and environmental risk factor profiles, our results indicate that genetic variants of IRF5 contribute to a unique disease etiology and pathogenesis in anti‐CCP–negative RA.
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