Given the abundance and importance of earth retention structures, the problem of seismic earth pressure has attracted not only the research community but also industry and government establishments. ...The dynamic response, even in the case of the simplest retaining wall, presents a complex problem of soil–structure interaction, encompassing a multitude of competing and complementary factors. This article presents a thorough and critical evaluation of notable analytical and field studies related to the dynamic earth pressures acting on retaining walls. Despite numerous studies spanning nearly a century regarding seismically induced lateral earth pressures, there remains a noticeable disparity between theoretical understanding and the actual field performance of retaining structures during seismic events. This review underscores the necessity for a more meticulous examination of dynamic analysis techniques and the existing design methodologies for retaining structures.
The main purpose of this paper is to provide an effective content of theory of ternary semigroups with involution by applying soft set theory concepts. In this paper, we introduce some basic terms ...and definitions of different ideals in ternary semigroups with involution. Further, we define soft ideals and soft filters in ternary semigroups with involution, and show how a soft set effects on a ternary semigroup with involution with the help of intersection and insertion of sets. We explore some properties using involution theoretic concepts in ternary semigroups for soft ideals and soft filters.
In this paper, we introduce generalised quasi-ideals in ordered ternary semigroups. Also, we define ordered $m$-right ideals, ordered $(p, q)$-lateral ideals and ordered $n$-left ideals in ordered ...ternary semigroups and studied the relation between them. Some intersection properties of ordered $(m, (p, q), n)$-quasi ideals are examined. We also characterize these notions in terms of minimal ordered $(m, (p, q), n)$-quasi-ideals in ordered ternary semigroups. Moreover, $m$-right simple, $(p, q)$-lateral simple, $n$-left simple, and $(m,(p, q), n)$-quasi simple ordered ternary semigroups are defined and some properties of them are studied. KCI Citation Count: 0
COVID-19 became a pandemic rapidly after its emergence in December 2019. It belongs to the coronavirus family of viruses, which have struck a few times before in history. Data based on previous ...research regarding etiology and epidemiology of other viruses from this family helped played a vital role in formulating prevention and precaution strategies during the initial stages of this pandemic. Data related to COVID-19 in Pakistan were not initially documented on a large scale. In addition, due to a weak health care system and low economic conditions, Pakistan's population, in general, already suffers from many comorbidities, which can severely affect the outcome of patients infected with COVID-19.
COVID-19 infections are coupled with a manifestation of various notable outcomes that can be documented and characterized clinically. The aim of this study was to examine these clinical manifestations, which can serve as indicators for early detection as well as severity prognosis for COVID-19 infections, especially in high-risk groups.
A retrospective observational study involving abstraction of demographic features, presenting symptoms, and adverse clinical outcomes for 1812 patients with COVID-19 was conducted. Patients were admitted to the four major hospitals in the Rawalpindi-Islamabad region of Pakistan, and the study was conducted from February to August 2020. Multivariate regression analysis was carried out to identify significant indicators of COVID-19 severity, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, ventilator aid, and mortality. The study not only relates COVID-19 infection with comorbidities, but also examines other related factors, such as age and gender.
This study identified fever (1592/1812, 87.9%), cough (1433/1812, 79.1%), and shortness of breath (998/1812, 55.1%) at the time of hospital admission as the most prevalent symptoms for patients with COVID-19. These symptoms were common but not conclusive of the outcome of infection. Out of 1812 patients, 24.4% (n=443) required ICU admission and 21.5% (n=390) required ventilator aid at some point of disease progression during their stay at the hospital; 25.9% (n=469) of the patients died. Further analysis revealed the relationship of the presented symptoms and comorbidities with the progression of disease severity in these patients. Older adult patients with comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and asthma, were significantly affected in higher proportions, resulting in requirement of ICU admission and ventilator aid in some cases and, in many cases, even mortality.
Older adult patients with comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, and chronic kidney disease, are at increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 infections, with an increased likelihood of adverse clinical outcomes.
Synthesis of various piperidine derivatives having important biological and pharmacological potentials has been discussed in the past. In present study we reported the synthesis of benzoyl and ...sulphonyl derivatives by taking Piperidine-4-carboxamide as principal molecule. These compounds were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques such as NMR, FTIR and Mass spectrometry. Elemental composition was explored using CHN analyzer. Antimicrobial activity study of the synthesized compounds was performed using disc diffusion method. Dissociation constant (pKa) of the synthesized compounds were determined by potentiometric titration method. In addition. The findings of the study predicted good absorption of these newly synthesized compounds. Besides, compound III showed good antifungal activity which can be helpful in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics approaches of antibiotics.
A study of bi-bases of ternary semigroups Ali, Akbar; Khan, Sabahat Ali; Abbasi, Mohammad Yahya
Afrika mathematica,
03/2024, Letnik:
35, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
In this paper, we introduce the bi-bases of a ternary semigroup. The results of this paper are based on the bi-ideals generated by a non-empty subset of a ternary semigroup. Moreover, we define the ...quasi-order relation of a ternary semigroup and study some of their interesting properties.
This paper deals with a class of algebraic hyperstructures called ordered ternary semihypergroups which are studied in terms of int-soft hyperideals. We introduce the notion of int-soft hyperideals ...in ordered ternary semihypergroups and investigate some properties of them. We also introduce the concepts of convex soft sets and int-soft points and discuss their properties. Moreover, the classes of regular and intra-regular ordered ternary semihpergroups are characterized in terms of int-soft hyperideals.
The COVID-19 outbreak started as pneumonia in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. The subsequent pandemic was declared as the sixth public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020, by ...the World Health Organization. Pakistan could be a potential hotspot for COVID-19 owing to its high population of 204.65 million and its struggling health care and economic systems. Pakistan was able to tackle the challenge with relatively mild repercussions. The present analysis has been conducted to highlight the situation of the disease in Pakistan in 2020 and the measures taken by various stakeholders coupled with support from the community to abate the risk of catastrophic spread of the virus.
Abstract
Background
Inadvertent delays in access to appropriate therapeutic interventions in high-risk group coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients contribute to mortality in patients with ...severe/critical disease presentation.
Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of timely admission to the hospital on mortality of patients with severe/critical COVID-19. Another secondary aspect of this study was to observe the efficacy of time-dependent use of corticosteroids on mortality of critical/severe COVID-19 patients.
Methods
Clinical data of 659 patients with severe/critical COVID-19, admitted to four major tertiary care hospitals from the Islamabad-Rawalpindi region of Pakistan was retrospectively collected from a period February–August 2020. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the predictors of mortality in severe/critical COVID-19 patients.
Results
Out of a total of 659 patients, 469 (71.2%) patients died. Age > 60 years, presence of hypertension, heart disease and kidney disease along with late admission (>5 days) were significant predictors of mortality in patients with severe/critical COVID-19.
Conclusions
The study highlights the importance of well-timed provision of appropriate medical interventions control COVID-19-associated mortality.
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