Any condition leading to chronic liver disease is a potential oncogenic agent for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Alterations in the expression of antioxidant enzymes could alter the redox balance. ...Our aim was to evaluate the expression of the genes GPX1, GPX4, SEP15, SELENOP, SOD1, SOD2, GSR, CAT, and NFE2L2 in patients with HCC. Differential gene expression analysis was performed using RNA-Seq data from the TCGA and GTEx databases, and RT-qPCR data from HCC patient samples. Bioinformatic analysis revealed significant differential expression in most genes. GPX4 expression was significantly increased (p=0.02), while SOD2 expression was significantly decreased (p=0.04) in experimental data. In TCGA samples, alpha-fetoprotein levels (mg/dL) were negatively correlated with the expression of SEP15 (p<0.001), SELENOP (p<0.001), SOD1 (p<0.001), SOD2 (p<0.001), CAT (p<0.001), and NFE2L2 (p=0.004). Alpha-fetoprotein levels were positively correlated with the expression of GPX4 (p=0.02) and SELENOP (p=0.01) in the experimental data. Low expression of GPX1 (p=0.006), GPX4 (p=0.01), SELENOP (p=0.006), SOD1 (p=0.007), CAT (p<0.001), and NFE2L2 (p<0.001), and higher levels of GSR, were associated with low overall survival at 12 months. These results suggest a significant role for these antioxidant enzymes in HCC pathogenesis and severity.
Objective
To evaluate the accuracy of the Pre‐eclampsia Integrated Estimate of RiSk (fullPIERS) model for the prediction of complications among patients with severe pre‐eclampsia in northeastern ...Brazil.
Methods
A retrospective study was conducted of data for all patients with severe pre‐eclampsia admitted to a center in Recife in 2014. The fullPIERS model was applied to calculate the predicted probability of complications. A receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed to determine the accuracy of the model, and the area under the curve was calculated. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed.
Results
Among 325 included women, 55 (16.9%) had one or more complication before discharge. The area under the curve was 0.72 (P<0.001), determining a cutoff point for fullPIERS probability of 1.7%. Sensitivity was 60.0% and specificity was 65.1%; the positive likelihood ratio was 1.72 and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.61. In multivariate analysis, the only variable that remained significantly associated with complications was a fullPIERS probability of more than 1.7% (odds ratio 5.87, 95% confidence interval 3.16–10.89; P<0.001).
Conclusion
The fullPIERS model is a useful tool for predicting complications in women with severe pre‐eclampsia, with the cutoff point of 1.7%.
The fullPIERS model is a useful tool for predicting complications among women with severe pre‐eclampsia.
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to identify the yeasts involved in spontaneous fermentation of cocoa from the Brazilian Amazon region. The fermentation process was carried out experimentally ...with cocoa seeds from two sites (Medicilândia and Tucumã), State of Pará, northern Brazil, during a six-day period. Totals of 44 yeasts were isolated from Medicilândia and 29 from Tucumã. Molecular identification was carried out by sequencing the D1/D2 region fragment of the rRNA 26S gene, expanded with universal primers for the NL1GC and LS2 eukaryotes. Pichia manshurica and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were identified in Medicilândia and five yeast species (Pichia fermentans, P. kudriavzevii, P. manshurica, S. cerevisiae and Zygosaccharomyces bailii) were identified in Tucumã. The results showed that P. manshurica and S. cerevisiae may have potential for use as starter cultures in future studies to improve the quality of cocoa seeds fermented in the Brazilian Amazon region.
RESUMO A proposta deste estudo foi identificar as leveduras envolvidas na fermentação espontânea de cacau da Amazônia brasileira. A fermentação foi realizada em Medicilândia e Tucumã, Pará, Brasil, durante 6 dias. Em total foram obtidos 44 isolados de leveduras de Medicilândia e 29 de Tucumã. A identificação molecular foi realizada por sequenciamento do fragmento da região D1/D2 do gene rRNA 26S, amplificado com primers universais para eucariotos NL1GC e LS2. Em Medicilândia, foram identificadas Pichia manshurica e Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Em Tucumã foram identificadas cinco espécies (Pichia fermentans, P. kudriavzevii, P. manshurica, S. cerevisiae e Zygosaccharomyces bailii). Os resultados sugerem que P. manshurica e S. cerevisiae podem ter potencial para uso como culturas starter em estudos futuros, para melhorar a qualidade das sementes de cacau fermentadas na Amazônia brasileira.
Epigenetic modifications established during prenatal and early life, including DNA methylation, have been suggested as potential mediators of the interaction between environmental exposures during ...the perinatal period and adult metabolic health adverse outcomes, especially cardiometabolic complications and overweight. The effect of a dietary intervention in the first year of life on global methylation levels in leukocyte samples from a cohort of children born between 2001 and 2002 in southern Brazil was examined. Overall methylation measurements were performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays on DNA samples from 237 children at 4 years old. Mean methylation values were higher in the intervention group (mean: 2.20 ± 1.31%) than in the control group (mean: 1.65 ± 1.11%; P = 0.001). It was observed that nutritional counseling in the first year increased breastfeeding duration and stimulated the development of healthier eating habits. Therefore, these factors might have contributed to increase global DNA methylation. The findings of the present study reinforce the notion that performing nutritional interventions in the early stages of life is important and provide further evidence of the interaction between the environment and epigenetic traits.
Maternal diet is key to the progeny’s health since it may impact on the offspring’s adult life. In this study, mice dams received standard (CONT), restrictive (RD), or hypercaloric (HD) diets during ...mating, pregnancy, and lactation. Male offspring of each group of dams also received these diets: CONT, RD, HD. Aiming to evaluate the oxidative stress in the adipose tissue, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were analyzed in dams and offspring. In the adipose tissue and hypothalamus, gene expression of prolactin (Prlr) and estrogen alpha (Esr1) receptors was performed in dams and offspring. Protein expression of Stat5 was evaluated in the adipose tissue of the offspring from RD-fed dams. HD-fed dams increased triglycerides and leptin serum concentrations, and decreased SOD activity in the adipose tissue. In the offspring’s adipose tissue, we observed a maternal diet effect caused by HD, with increased ROS production and SOD and CAT activities. Gene expression of Prlr and Esr1 in the offspring’s adipose tissue was decreased due to maternal RD. Mice from HD-fed dams showed higher Stat5 expression compared to the offspring from CONT and RD dams in the adipose tissue. In the hypothalamus, we found decreased expression of Prlr in RD and HD dams, compared to CONT; and a maternal diet effect on Prlr and Esr1 gene expression in the offspring. In conclusion, we can affirm that maternal nutrition impacts the redox state and influences the gene expression of Prlr and Esr1, which are involved in energy metabolism, both peripherally and centrally in the adult life of the female offspring.
Purpose of Review As to update the eligibility
The goal of this review criteria for intravenous (IV) to oral (PO) antimicrobial switch therapy. By systematically revising the literature, we also ...aimed to highlight promising studies regarding the treatment of specific diseases and populations, in addition to identifying potential barriers to adherence to this practice.
Recent Findings
Recent studies have shown promising results in osteomyelitis, endocarditis, and
Staphylococcus aureus
bacteremia, which were previously not considered suitable for the switch from intravenous to oral therapy due to the assumption that these severe infections require higher amounts of antimicrobial drugs in the tissue and therefore must be treated via the IV route. Recent studies in pediatric and neonatal patients have also demonstrated the safe application of IV-to-PO switch therapy, with no increase in rehospitalization rates, along with a reduction in hospital costs due to shorter lengths of stay.
Summary
Medical literature touts numerous benefits to the practice, including reducing adverse reactions related to intravascular access, shorter hospital stays, and cost reduction. However, there remain many barriers to adherence. This article systematizes and structures the eligibility criteria for a safe transition from intravenous to oral antimicrobial therapy.
To date, 340 antigen-organized 43 blood group systems are recognized, being ABO, Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, MNS and Diego the most clinically relevant. The aim of this study was to assess the ...distribution of alleles and genotypes of the blood group systems Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, MNS and Diego in 810 blood donors registered in the hemotherapy unit in northwest Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
We evaluated the genetic variability of blood groups Rh (c.676G>C and c.307C>T), Kell (c.578C>T), Kidd (c.838A>G), Duffy (c.125A>G and c.1-67T>C), Diego (c.2561C>T) and MNS (c.143T>C) in 810 volunteer blood donors of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The genetic profiling was performed through allelic discrimination assays using hydrolysis probes (TaqMan®) real-time PCR system.
The most frequent blood group genotypes found in our study population were: RHC*Cc (51.5%), RHC*ee (70.1%), FY*A/FY*B (49.3%), GATA -67T/T (93.5%), KEL*2/KEL*2 (93.4%), JK*A/JK*B (53.2%) and DI*02/DI*02 (95.4%). Some statistical differences were observed on comparing the population of this study with populations from other states in Brazil, mainly with population of Minas Gerais, Bahia and Paraná, which showed some differences from the population of Porto Alegre, which was more similar to those of Santa Catarina and São Paulo
The frequency of red blood cell polymorphisms in our study is different from that of blood donors in other regions of Brazil. The results showed the importance of extended genotyping in adequate blood screening and the existence of rare genotypes in Brazilian regular blood donors
Teoria da cicatrização constitucional Borges de Oliveira, Emerson Ademir; Colombo de Almeida, Silvana
Cuestiones constitucionales (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas),
12/2018, Letnik:
1, Številka:
39
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Pode a Constituição se curar? O que persegue o presente artigo é a resposta sobre como lidar com as ofensas perpetradas em face da Constituição que se construam sobre situações fáticas consolidadas. ...Muitas vezes a simples declaração de inconstitucionalidade, seja desde o início, na teoria da nulidade, seja para o futuro, na teoria da anulabilidade, ou seja, em conjugação de ambos, com a modulação temporal de efeitos, não apresentará respostas positivas à ofensa constitucional. Ao contrário, o reconhecimento de inconstitucionalidade, ainda que para o futuro, poderá gerar efeitos mais danosos econômica, política, social e juridicamente do que a manutenção do ato ofensivo. Algumas vezes, a teoria da constitucionalização superveniente poderá responder adequadamente, com a mudança do paradigma constitucional. Mas o que fazer quando a Constituição sequer é alterada? A metodologia para o desenvolvimento do trabalho é eminentemente bibliográfica e jurisprudencial.
The study presents comparisons between blood group frequencies beyond ABO and Rh blood systems in Native American populations and previously published data from Brazilian blood donors. The ...frequencies of Diego (c.2561C>T, rs2285644), Kell (c.578C>T, rs8176058), Duffy (c.125A>G, rs12075, c.1-67T>C, rs2814778) and Kidd (c.838A>G, rs1058396) variants in Kaingang (n=72) and Guarani (n=234) populations from Brazil (1990-2000) were obtained and compared with data from these populations sampled during the 1960s and with individuals of different Brazilian regions. Data showed high frequencies of DI*01 and FY*01 alleles: 11.8% and 57.6% in Kaingang and 6.8% and 75.7% in Guarani groups, respectively. The main results indicated: (1) reduction in genetic distance over time of Kaingang and Guarani in relation to other Brazilian populations is suggestive of ongoing admixture; (2) significant differences in some frequencies of blood group markers (especially Diego, Kidd and Duffy) in relation to Native Americans and individuals from different geographical regions of Brazil. Our study shows that the frequency of red blood cell polymorphisms in two Native American groups is very different from that of blood donors, when we evaluated blood groups different from ABO and Rh systems, suggesting that a better ethnic characterization of blood unit receptors is necessary.
•Variations of maternal care are linked with differentiated gene expression in OB.•The OB of HL mothers expressed more Drd1a, Prlr, Htr1a, Htr1b and Esr1 than LL.•No difference of gene expression was ...found in the HP, PFC or ST of mothers LL or HL.•There were differences of gene expression in the HP between lactating and virgins.•LL showed a decrease in the frequency of nursing and remained longer off the pups.
For most mammalian species, maternal behavior has an essential role in the development of the offspring. The frequency of licking/grooming (LG) the pups has been used as a parameter to evaluate maternal care, having mothers with high (HL) or low (LL) frequencies of LG. This study aimed to analyze the gene expression of the receptors for dopamine (Drd1a), prolactin (Prlr), serotonin (Htr1a, Htr1b), estrogen (Esr1, Esr2), and of Bdnf in the olfactory bulb (OB), hippocampus (HP), prefrontal cortex (PFC), and striatum (ST) of Wistar rats from three groups: LL (n=8); HL (n=8); virgin females in diestrus (D; n=6). Maternal behavior was studied between the 1st and 7th postpartum days. Brain parts were analyzed by qRT-PCR. LL showed a decrease in the frequency of nursing, and an increase of remaining off the pups. There was an increase in gene expression of Drd1a, Prlr, Htr1a, Htr1b and Esr1 in the OB of HL, compared to LL. In the HP, Drd1a, Prlr and Htr1a were differently expressed when comparing HL, or LL, with D. The main finding is that HL had higher gene expression levels in the OB, which is a crucial structure to promote behavioral differences.
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