We report the results of a search for the inelastic scattering of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in the XENON1T dark matter experiment. Scattering off 129Xe is the most sensitive probe ...of inelastic WIMP interactions, with a signature of a 39.6 keV deexcitation photon detected simultaneously with the nuclear recoil. Using an exposure of 0.83 tonne-years, we find no evidence of inelastic WIMP scattering with a significance of more than 2σ. A profile-likelihood ratio analysis is used to set upper limits on the cross section of WIMP-nucleus interactions. We exclude new parameter space for WIMPs heavier than 100 GeV=c2, with the strongest upper limit of 3.3 × 10−39 cm2 for 130 GeV=c2 WIMPs at 90% confidence level.
We report on a search for nuclear recoil signals from solar ^{8}B neutrinos elastically scattering off xenon nuclei in XENON1T data, lowering the energy threshold from 2.6 to 1.6 keV. We develop a ...variety of novel techniques to limit the resulting increase in backgrounds near the threshold. No significant ^{8}B neutrinolike excess is found in an exposure of 0.6 t×y. For the first time, we use the nondetection of solar neutrinos to constrain the light yield from 1-2 keV nuclear recoils in liquid xenon, as well as nonstandard neutrino-quark interactions. Finally, we improve upon world-leading constraints on dark matter-nucleus interactions for dark matter masses between 3 and 11 GeV c^{-2} by as much as an order of magnitude.
We report the results of a search for the inelastic scattering of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in the XENON1T dark matter experiment. Scattering off \(^{129}\)Xe is the most sensitive ...probe of inelastic WIMP interactions, with a signature of a 39.6 keV de-excitation photon detected simultaneously with the nuclear recoil. Using an exposure of 0.89 tonne-years, we find no evidence of inelastic WIMP scattering with a significance of more than 2\(\sigma\). A profile-likelihood ratio analysis is used to set upper limits on the cross-section of WIMP-nucleus interactions. We exclude new parameter space for WIMPs heavier than 100 GeV/c\({}^2\), with the strongest upper limit of \(3.3 \times 10^{-39}\) cm\({}^2\) for 130 GeV/c\({}^2\) WIMPs at 90\% confidence level.
Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 091301 (2021) We report on a search for nuclear recoil signals from solar $^8$B neutrinos
elastically scattering off xenon nuclei in XENON1T data, lowering the energy
threshold ...from 2.6 keV to 1.6 keV. We develop a variety of novel techniques to
limit the resulting increase in backgrounds near the threshold. No significant
$^8$B neutrino-like excess is found in an exposure of 0.6 t $\times$ y. For the
first time, we use the non-detection of solar neutrinos to constrain the light
yield from 1-2 keV nuclear recoils in liquid xenon, as well as non-standard
neutrino-quark interactions. Finally, we improve upon world-leading constraints
on dark matter-nucleus interactions for dark matter masses between 3 GeV/c$^2$
and 11 GeV/c$^2$ by as much as an order of magnitude.
We report on a search for nuclear recoil signals from solar \(^8\)B neutrinos elastically scattering off xenon nuclei in XENON1T data, lowering the energy threshold from 2.6 keV to 1.6 keV. We ...develop a variety of novel techniques to limit the resulting increase in backgrounds near the threshold. No significant \(^8\)B neutrino-like excess is found in an exposure of 0.6 t \(\times\) y. For the first time, we use the non-detection of solar neutrinos to constrain the light yield from 1-2 keV nuclear recoils in liquid xenon, as well as non-standard neutrino-quark interactions. Finally, we improve upon world-leading constraints on dark matter-nucleus interactions for dark matter masses between 3 GeV/c\(^2\) and 11 GeV/c\(^2\) by as much as an order of magnitude.
The Energy Performance Building Directive (Directive 2002/91/EC) introduced the compulsory energy certification of buildings in the EU from 2006 and it has played a key role in the common policy to ...monitor and reduce energy consumption. In order to assess the experience gained in this field in Europe overall, and in particular against the highly diverse settings of the different European nations, this paper examines the extent to which the Directive has been implemented by the 27 EU Member States. This is done via a comparative analysis assisted by two different indicators: of uniformity and of excellence. The measure of uniformity makes it possible to assess the degree of harmony of the individual Member States with regard to the parameters laid down by the European Commission, while the measure of excellence allows the Member States to be appraised and the “best” performers to be identified, i.e. the leaders as regards energy certification of buildings. The analysis conducted reveals how varied the situation regarding energy certification in each country is in terms of implementation and scope of application and it also reveals that most countries are still at a halfway stage towards achieving excellence.
The weather-dependent electricity generation from Renewable Energy Sources (RES), such as solar and wind power, entails that systems for energy storage are becoming progressively more important. ...Among the different solutions that are being explored, hydrogen is currently considered as a key technology allowing future long-term and large-scale storage of renewable power.
Today, hydrogen is mainly produced from fossil fuels, and steam methane reforming (SMR) is the most common route for producing it from natural gas. None of the conventional methods used is GHG-free. The Power-to-Gas concept, based on water electrolysis using electricity coming from renewable sources is the most environmentally clean approach. Given its multiple uses, hydrogen is sold both as a fuel, which can produce electricity through fuel cells, and as a feedstock in several industrial processes. Just the feedstock could be, in the short term, the main market of RES-based hydrogen.
In this paper, we present the results obtained from a techno-economic-financial evaluation of a system to produce green hydrogen to be sold as a feedstock for industries and research centres. A system which includes a 200 kW photovoltaic plant and a 180 kW electrolyser, to be located in Messina (Italy), is proposed as a case study. According to the analyses carried out, and taking into account the current development of technologies, it has been found that investment to realise a small-scale PV-based hydrogen production plant can be remunerative.
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•Techno-economic-financial analysis of a system producing “green” hydrogen.•Case-study: 200 kW PV plant & 180 kW electrolyser (AWE), to be located in Messina.•Configurations which include the sale of oxygen are remunerative.•Hydrogen distributed production could have a widespread development.•By-product oxygen can be placed in the market of medical gases.
•Data on plastic debris on stomach contents of top fish predators are reported.•32.4 % of bluefin tuna content micro-, meso- and macro-plastic.•Plastics in bluefin tuna represents a concern for this ...“endangered” species (IUCN Red List).•Results may represent a warning signal for the potential effects on human health.
This study focuses, for the first time, on the presence of plastic debris in the stomach contents of large pelagic fish (Xiphias gladius, Thunnus thynnus and Thunnus alalunga) caught in the Mediterranean Sea between 2012 and 2013. Results highlighted the ingestion of plastics in the 18.2% of samples. The plastics ingested were microplastics (<5mm), mesoplastics (5–25mm) and macroplastics (>25mm).
These preliminary results represent an important initial phase in exploring two main ecotoxicological aspects: (a) the assessment of the presence and impact of plastic debris on these large pelagic fish, and (b) the potential effects related to the transfer of contaminants on human health.
The complexity of reality, both physical and virtual, in which we are immersed requires a reflection on how to achieve integration between the digital world and contemporary architecture. In ...particular, the article intends to explore the way in which virtual information can become design material, also intervening on the spatial and formal characteristics of the built environment. Therefore, two different approaches in interactive architectures will be discussed, one scenario-based and the other generative, capable of establishing the physical boundaries of the relationship between architecture and information. Jade Eco Park, Translated Geometries and One Ocean Pavilion offer a different key to interpreting the relationship between man, building and surrounding environment, in a meta-textual relationship between the physical and the virtual that calls contemporary architecture to reflect on the potential of this phenomenon.
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