We demonstrate a novel process for building a Resistive RAM (ReRAM) stack which reduces the forming voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\text{V}_{\textit {form}} ...</tex-math></inline-formula>) and increases the switching resistance, both characteristics that are important ingredients for the use of ReRAM in scalable analog compute for AI. Utilizing this process, we explore analog switching characteristics above 100k<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\Omega </tex-math></inline-formula> and demonstrate 4-bit programming at Rmax <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">=1\text{M}\Omega </tex-math></inline-formula>. Utilizing the same writing characteristics, CIFAR-10 inference simulation shows 90% accuracy, comparable to the full precision model accuracy.
Neutron-rich $^{88,90,92,94}$ Se isotopes were studied via in-beam $\gamma$-ray spectroscopy after nucleon removal reactions at intermediate energies at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Factory. Based on ...gamma-gamma coincidence analysis, low-lying excitation level schemes are proposed for these nuclei, including the 2$_1^+$, 4$_1^+$ states and 2$_2^+$ states at remarkably low energies. The low-lying 2$_2^+$ states, along with other features, indicate triaxiality in these nuclei. The experimental results are in good overall agreement with self-consistent beyond-mean-field calculations based on the Gogny D1S interaction, which suggests both triaxial degree of freedom and shape coexistence playing important roles in the description of intrinsic deformations in neutron-rich Se isotopes.
The purpose of this study was to examine factors hindering the use of mouthguards and the incidence of orofacial injury among young male rugby players. 69 high school rugby players (Group 1) and 431 ...medical student rugby players (Group 2) participated in this study. Participants in Group 1 used custom-made mouthguards fabricated according to a standardized method, whereas participants in Group 2 used custom-made or over-the-counter mouthguards of their choice. The factors associated with orofacial injury were assessed by logistic regression analysis, while factors hindering mouthguard use were assessed by multinomial logistic regression analysis. All data were obtained from a questionnaire developed by the Japanese Academy of Sports Dentistry. We found that breathing problems were the main factor contributing to the reduced frequency of mouthguard use. In both groups, a significant negative association was observed between the frequency of mouthguard use and the risk of orofacial injury. The group using standardized custom-made mouthguards reported fewer complaints about breathing problems and a higher frequency of mouthguard use. The results of this study suggest that increasing the frequency of mouthguard use would reduce the risk of orofacial injury among young male rugby players. We also conclude that users of custom-made mouthguards complain less frequently of breathing difficulties.
Highlights • A camera tracking method by combining 3D ultrasonography with endoscopy is proposed. • This self-contained framework does not require any external tracking devices. • It addresses ...potential issues in conventional visual tracking for fetoscopy. • Endoscope tracking ability was demonstrated in phantom and ex vivo placenta imaging. • Potential contribution may extend to other minimally invasive procedures.
Elevated-temperature (513
K) ultrasonic welding of aluminum with zinc was investigated. The interface exhibits structures indicative of enhanced interdiffusion and local melting of Al–Zn solid ...solution. EDS analysis yielded an interdiffusivity value of 1.9
μm
2/s. The enhanced diffusion and melting can be attributed to high strain rate (∼10
3
s
−1) plastic deformation in aluminum, which may increase the instantaneous vacancy concentration as high as ∼10
−1.
Background: The long term outcome of endoscopic papillotomy (EPT) is not well known. The aims of this study were to clarify the clinical course of post-EPT patients and to detect predictors for bile ...duct stone recurrence. Methods: A total of 1042 consecutive patients who underwent EPT for bile duct stones from December 1975 to September 1998 were prospectively followed up. Patients were divided into four groups according to gall bladder (GB) status: “acalculous GB” group, “calculous GB” group, “cholecystectomy” group, and “prior cholecystectomy” group. Reliable follow up information was obtained for 983 (94.3%) of the 1042 patients. The following factors were considered in the evaluation of predisposing risk factors for recurrence of bile duct stones: age, sex, gall bladder status, periampullary diverticulum, number of bile duct stones, diameter of bile duct stones, diameter of bile duct, lithotripsy, precutting, pneumobilia, and early complications. Results: Recurrence occurred in 111 patients. The “acalculous GB” group was less prone to recurrence than the “prior cholecystectomy” group and the “calculous GB” group. The relative risks (RR) for the latter two compared with the former group were 2.26 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24–4.14; p=0.0078) and 2.16 (95% CI 1.21–3.87; p=0.0093), respectively. Other prognostic factors were lithotripsy (RR 2.37; 95% CI 1.47–3.81; p=0.0004) and pneumobilia (RR 1.57; 95% CI 1.01–2.43; p=0.044). Conclusions: Gall bladder status, lithotripsy, and pneumobilia were significantly related to bile duct stone recurrence after EPT.
PDF
