Anthocyanins in the leaves of carnivorous plants are suggested to play a role in prey capture. In this study, we investigated the role of red leaf coloration (an indicator of anthocyanins) on prey ...capture using Pinguicula planifolia (Chapman's Butterwort). Overall, red leaves had less prey (i.e., Collembola) than green leaves, suggesting that red coloration does not enhance prey capture for Chapman's Butterwort. However, the frequent presence of Collembola on leaves suggests that this plant species could be relying on other cues to attract prey (e.g., olfactory cues).
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NMLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
In this study the environmental factors influencing foliar anthocyanin production in Pinguicula planifolia, a carnivorous plant whose leaves express varying colors of red and green, were examined. ...Seven P. planifolia sites within the Florida Panhandle were used. At each site, chlorophyll and anthocyanin content in leaves and environmental factors (light intensity, water depth, soil/water nutrients and pH, and vegetation height) were measured. At one of the sites, a light manipulation study (i.e., control, clipped, and caged) was conducted to test the effects of normal, heightened, and lowered solar radiation on red and green plants. Overall, foliar anthocyanin was influenced by environmental factors (i.e., light intensity as affected by water depth and vegetation height, vegetation cover, soil/water nutrient content) and the light manipulation study confirmed the role of light intensity on anthocyanin production. This study provides evidence that light intensity alone can effectively increase or decrease anthocyanin production in P. planifolia. Further work is needed to determine if anthocyanins may serve as a type of protective screening from ultraviolet radiation in this species.
In this study the environmental factors influencing foliar anthocyanin production in Pinguicula planifolia, a carnivorous plant whose leaves express varying colors of red and green, were examined. ...Seven P. planifolia sites within the Florida Panhandle were used. At each site, chlorophyll and anthocyanin content in leaves and environmental factors (light intensity, water depth, soil/water nutrients and pH, and vegetation height) were measured. At one of the sites, a light manipulation study (i.e., control, clipped, and caged) was conducted to test the effects of normal, heightened, and lowered solar radiation on red and green plants. Overall, foliar anthocyanin was influenced by environmental factors (i.e., light intensity as affected by water depth and vegetation height, vegetation cover, soil/water nutrient content) and the light manipulation study confirmed the role of light intensity on anthocyanin production. This study provides evidence that light intensity alone can effectively increase or decrease anthocyanin production in P. planifolia. Further work is needed to determine if anthocyanins may serve as a type of protective screening from ultraviolet radiation in this species.
Pinguicula (Lentibulariaceae) is a genus of more than 100 carnivorous plant species. A handful of comprehensive studies have examined the reproductive ecology of these species, mostly in Europe and ...none in the USA. During 2013–2016 different aspects of the reproductive ecology of P. ionantha, P. lutea and P. planifolia were studied at multiple locations in the Florida Panhandle, USA. All three species are of conservation concern within the study region and some aspects of their reproductive ecology may be contributing to their rarity. For all species, we conducted breeding system studies investigating xenogamy vs. autogamy, self‐incompatibility vs. self‐compatibility, pollen:ovule ratios, flower phenology and longevity, and pollinator visitation, as well as fruit and seed set differences among populations. All three Pinguicula species were determined to be xenogamous and self‐compatible, although the pollen:ovule ratios were extremely low. In addition, these species have floral nastic movements and flower longevity that ranges from 2 to 3 weeks depending on the species. Hymenoptera was identified as the primary group of pollinators visiting all species, although observed visitation events were low. All three Pinguicula species had extremely high levels of fruit set and seed set. Worldwide, Pinguicula species share similar breeding system and reproductive patterns. The rare status of P. ionantha, P. lutea and P. planifolia is more likely due to their ecological requirements, demographics and/or patterns of genetic diversity, than reproduction. This work is among the first and most comprehensive associated with the reproductive ecology of North American Pinguicula.
During 2013–2016 different aspects of the reproductive ecology of P. ionantha, P. lutea and P. planifolia were studied at multiple locations in the Florida Panhandle, USA. This work is among the first and most comprehensive associated with the reproductive ecology of North American Pinguicula
Abstract Pinguicula (Lentibulariaceae) is a genus of more than 100 carnivorous plant species. A handful of comprehensive studies have examined the reproductive ecology of these species, mostly in ...Europe and none in the USA. During 2013–2016 different aspects of the reproductive ecology of P. ionantha , P. lutea and P. planifolia were studied at multiple locations in the Florida Panhandle, USA. All three species are of conservation concern within the study region and some aspects of their reproductive ecology may be contributing to their rarity. For all species, we conducted breeding system studies investigating xenogamy vs. autogamy, self‐incompatibility vs. self‐compatibility, pollen:ovule ratios, flower phenology and longevity, and pollinator visitation, as well as fruit and seed set differences among populations. All three Pinguicula species were determined to be xenogamous and self‐compatible, although the pollen:ovule ratios were extremely low. In addition, these species have floral nastic movements and flower longevity that ranges from 2 to 3 weeks depending on the species. Hymenoptera was identified as the primary group of pollinators visiting all species, although observed visitation events were low. All three Pinguicula species had extremely high levels of fruit set and seed set. Worldwide, Pinguicula species share similar breeding system and reproductive patterns. The rare status of P. ionantha , P. lutea and P. planifolia is more likely due to their ecological requirements, demographics and/or patterns of genetic diversity, than reproduction. This work is among the first and most comprehensive associated with the reproductive ecology of North American Pinguicula.
As part of ongoing work on the Flora of the Southeastern United States (Weakley & Southeastern Flora Team 2023) and related projects, as well as for general floristic, conservation, and scientific ...work in eastern North America, it is essential to document taxonomic and nomenclatural changes and significant distribution records. Here, we propose six new species of graminoids (two Rhynchospora, three Dichanthelium, and one Anatherum)—five from fire-maintained pine savannas and embedded wetlands of the southeastern Coastal Plain and one from the floristically and ecologically related fire-maintained pine savannas of North Andros Island in The Bahamas. We provide rationale and documentation for the “taxonomic resurrection” of Vaccinium ashei, an economically important member of Vaccinium sect. Cyanococcus, based on morphology, estimation of ploidy level with flow cytometry, and phylogenomic analysis based on high-throughput DNA sequencing. We make four new combinations in Convolvulus to accommodate the inclusion of Calystegia in Convolvulus to resolve paraphyly. We also make six new combinations necessary to recognize sect. Leptopogon of Andropogon at generic rank, as Anatherum, based on the phylogenetic work of other researchers and the previously incomplete transfer of recognized species to Anatherum, providing the needed names to recognize this group of species in genus Anatherum in North American floristic treatments. We document the surprising discovery of Carex lutea, previously believed to be endemic to two counties in eastern North Carolina, in two counties in the panhandle of Florida, and a county in eastern South Carolina—discoveries aided by iNaturalist and Facebook. We document new states as being within the distribution ranges of additional species: Quercus similis (Florida), Juncus brachycephalus (Arkansas and Missouri), Rhexia mariana var. mariana (Ohio), Asarum acuminatum and Elionurus tripsacoides (Alabama), and Mecardonia procumbens (Georgia). Other important distributional records, many representing rediscoveries of conservationally significant, extant populations of plants previously considered of only historical occurrence in a state, are also reported: Alabama (Arnica acaulis, Asclepias connivens, Berberis canadensis, Bulbostylis warei, Ctenodon viscidulus, Parnassia grandifolia, and Pinguicula pumila) and Georgia and Florida (Lobelia boykinii).
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Penstemon tubaeflorus is a North American prairie forb of conservation concern. Protocols for seed germination and transplant production involving fertilization are needed for conservation purposes. ...Our objectives were to compare techniques for breaking seed dormancy and increasing germination, and to investigate fertilizer on growth of Penstemon tubaeflorus. Seed treatments were hickory smoke seasoning solution (1:10, 1:100, 1:500, and 1:1,000), light vs. dark, prairie plant ash solution (2, 4, 8, and 16 g/L), and cold moist stratification (1 or 2 mo at 4°C). Seeds were germinated in Petri dishes in germination chambers and counted for 21 d. For hickory solutions, 1:100 had the highest germination (51%), and seeds germinated in light, but not in the dark. For ash solutions, 8 g/L (6%) and control (4%) germinations were higher than 2 g/L with 4 g/L and 16 g/L being intermediate. Germination increased for both stratification durations (37%) compared to control (2%). For fertilizer studies, seeds were planted in soilless mix with no fertilizer, liquid fertilizer (20–20–20 at 1.25 g/L water), or solid fertilizer (14–14–14 slow release at 14.6 g/L mix) in growth chambers. After 7 wk, shoot fresh mass, leaf number, leaf area, crown diameter, root length, and shoot dry mass were measured. Seedling growth was greatest with solid fertilizer compared to control and liquid fertilizer, which were similar. Overall, hickory solution at 1:100 with light produced the highest percent germination among all treatments, and solid fertilizer was most effective for transplant development. These findings are useful for management or restoration of P. tubaeflorus populations.
