The purpose of the current study was to identify factors that predict spiritual struggles. It was hypothesised that factors from religious (e.g., God image, attachment to God, church attitudes, ...religious history), personal (e.g., neuroticism, pessimism, trait anger), social (e.g., social support, loneliness), and situational (e.g., negative appraisals) domains may predispose people to spiritual struggles during times of distress. Participants (309 undergraduate students) filled out questionnaires measuring relevant constructs and a two-step hierarchical multiple regression equation was generated separately for each of the four domains. Upon identifying significant predictors from each of the four domains, a final hierarchical regression equation revealed that: (1) more negative appraisals of a stressful situation, (2) an insecure ambivalent attachment to God, and (3) neuroticism significantly predicted unique variance in spiritual struggles beyond the effects of relevant religious variables, thus generally supporting the hypothesis that spiritual struggles are complex phenomena that stem from multiple factors.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Friction stir welding (FSW) with a relatively large heat input was applied to high purity Ag with a low stacking fault energy, which leads to profuse twinning. The microstructural evolution was ...examined along the material flow path during rapid cooling FSW. The frequent formation of annealing twinning induced by the heating caused the microstructural refinement, following the transformation from twin boundaries to normal high angle boundaries. The bulging of the high angle boundary, which is one of the typical mechanisms of discontinuous dynamic recrystallisation did not occur. Irrespective of the initial grain size, the grain size obtained after the FSW was approximately 8 µm due to the dynamic balance between the grain boundary migration and the annealing twin formation.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The present work describes the formulation of Eudragit® L30 D-55 microparticles (MP) alone or with mucoadhesive agents, alginate or Carbopol®, as an approach for the development of an oral cholera ...vaccine. In the first part, a spray drying technique was optimized for microparticle elaboration, obtaining a microparticle size ranging from 7 to 9μm with high encapsulation efficiencies. Moreover, gastro resistant properties and Vibrio cholerae (VC) antigenicity were maintained, but for Eudragit®-Carbopol® microparticles which showed low antigenicity values, ≈25%. Next, a stability study was performed following ICH Q1 A (R2) guidelines, i.e. 25°C-60% relative humidity (RH) for 12months, and 30°C-65% RH and 40°C-75% RH for 6months. Upon storage, microparticle size changed slightly, 1μm for Eudragit®-alginate MPs and 0.36μm for Eudragit®MP. However, gastro resistance and antigenicity values were kept in an acceptance range. In the third stage of this work, in vivo experiments were performed. The immune response evoked was measured by means of vibriocidal titer quantification, observing that Eudragit®-alginate MPs were able to induce stronger immune responses, comparable to the free VC. Therefore, microencapsulation of VC by spray drying could be proposed as an approach to a cold chain free and effective oral cholera vaccine.
In Pr3Pd20Ge6, the Pr ions are located at two different crystallographic sites, 4a and 8c site. Antiferro-quadrupole ordering (AFQ) of the 8c site occurs at 250 mK. Ac susceptibility measurement ...indicated that antiferromagnetic ordering (AFM) of the 4a site and Hyperfine-enhanced Pr nuclear magnetic ordering of the 8c site occur at 77 and 9 mK, respectively. To clarify the magnetic and quadrupole properties of Pr3Pd20Ge6, thermal expansion and magnetostriction measurements on single crystal sample were carried out along the 001 direction up to 8 T down to 500 μK using a capacitive dilatometer. In zero field, relative length change ΔL/L in 001 direction had a dip at AFQ and abrupt decrease at AFM ordering. From thermal expansion and isothermal magnetostriction measurements, magnetic phase diagram of Pr3Pd20Ge6 along 001 direction was obtained.
We present results of specific heat measurements on a Ce3Pd20Si6 single crystal and construct the magnetic phase diagram for the three cubic principal directions 100, 110 and 111. The highly ...anisotropic phase diagram is discussed and can be qualitatively explained by the Zeeman splitting at the 8c-site. For B | 100, the present study found two different quadrupolar ordered phases, which meet the paramagnetic phase at a tri-critical point and establish the new phase boundaries.
The majority of the research on religious fundamentalism explores its negative implications. Religious coping theory provides an opportunity to examine both positive and negative implications of ...fundamentalism. The present study incorporated various advanced methodologies utilised in the religious coping literature (mediation analyses, hierarchical regression procedures, and longitudinal design) to assess the relationship between religious fundamentalism and religious coping in 723 American college students. Religious fundamentalism was associated with a number of religious coping strategies that have positive implications and inversely related to religious coping with negative associations. Fundamentalism predicted religious coping over and above right-wing authoritarianism and religious orthodoxy. The religious coping methods mediated the relationship between religious fundamentalism and adjustment to stress both concurrently and over time. Limitations of the current study and suggestions for future research are offered.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, OILJ, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK, VSZLJ
Reactions of 60 water yam (Dioscorea alata) cultivars to three isolates of the yam anthracnose fungal pathogen (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) were evaluated using tissue culture-derived whole-plant ...assay. Three disease parameters: single score on a scale of 0-6 at the seventh day after inoculation (SD7); area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC); and disease progress rate (Rd) were compared, and cultivars were classified into disease-response groups using a rank-sum method based on AUDPC scores for the two most virulent isolates. A wide range of variation in resistance of the D. alata cultivars, and significant effects of pathogen isolate and isolate-cultivar interactions, were observed for all disease parameters. The three disease parameters were positively correlated; however, four cultivars showed great dispersions from the regression lines for comparisons of SD7 with the multiple assessments based AUDPC and Rd. The 60 cultivars were separated into resistant (n = 12), moderately resistant (n = 19), moderately susceptible (n = 18) and susceptible (n = 11) groups. The potential of the tissue culture-derived whole-plant assay to resistance breeding programmes and further understanding of the yam anthracnose pathosystem is discussed.
Genetically modified
Vibrio cholerae strain 638 (biotype El Tor, serotype Ogawa) has previously been shown to be immunogenic in animal models and in human trials. Our objective in the work reported ...herein was to describe the process development methods for the production of the 638 attenuated cholera vaccine. Cell seed bank, culture of biomass, lyophilization and final formulation were processes were developed. The results show kinetics of culture that fulfils a logistical model. The microbiological properties, colonizing capability, immunogenicity and non-toxigenicity of the final product were indistinguishable from the properties of the working seed lot. We conclude that the non-reactogenic, immunogenic and protective strain 638 is robust and can withstand the fermentation processes required for large-scale production of a vaccine.
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