Jumps are an indispensable activity for the development of coordination, muscle strength and power, especially in children. Positive effects of horizontal drop jump (HDJ) proved to be very important ...in improving individuals performance. HDJ presents a specific movement pattern that has similarities with running gait and take-off in different horizontal jumps. Influence and effect of implementating HDJ in children is yet to be determined. The aim of this research was to determine the test–retest reliability of the unilateral horizontal drop jump (UHDJ) in children of early school age (6–7 years). Participants (n = 31; 19 girls and 12 boys) were school-age children that regularly attended Physical Education classes (Girls: mean age 7.5 ± 0.3 years, mean height 127.1 ± 6.8 cm and mean weight 25.8 ± 5.2 kg; Boys: mean age 7.5 ± 0.2 years, mean height 127.5 ± 6.9 cm and mean weight 27.6 ± 7.1 kg). UHDJ was performed from an elevation of 30 cm relative to the platform with starting position 120 cm from the middle of the platform. A jump on the platform and a unilateral take-off in the distance were performed, followed by a bilateral landing on the mat. Intraclass correlation coefficient was used to determine the reliability between the two days of measurements. Test–retest reliability was calculated for all observed variables, and a good correlation was found between the performed measurements (ICC = 0.76–0.89). The α coefficient indicates good to excellent (0.86–0.94) internal consistency. These findings suggest the usefulness of applying a UHDJ in school-age children. Moreover, it can be used to identify children talented for sports, monitor the effects of training and discover and direct individuals towards suitable sports disciplines.
The purpose of this research was to establish the differences in the bilateral and unilateral exercising effects on high jump performance using the scissors technique, with take-off from the dominant ...leg. As many as 74 participants aged 7 to 12, who were randomly chosen and divided into two experimental groups, took part in the study. The experimental groups had training twice a week for twelve weeks. Measurements were conducted at three points in time, and the results showed that the bilateral training intervention produced symmetrical effects equal to those from unilateral interventions of exclusively the dominant leg, which finding is extremely important for symmetrical muscular and locomotor development, as well as for a practical approach to children.
The aim of this study was to examine the acquisition of the long jump skill in elementary school children using augmented feedback of varying type and frequency. Eighty-eight boys and girls aged ...(mean ± SD) 11 ± 0.5 years, without any prior experience in the long jump skill acquisition, were assigned to one of the four study groups: (1) the group receiving only verbal feedback on key errors, (2) the group receiving both verbal and video feedback on key errors, (3) the group receiving both verbal and video feedback on all errors, and (4) the group receiving no feedback. Before and after an 8-week training intervention, long jump distance and relevant kinematic variables were recorded. The results indicated that the group receiving both verbal and video feedback on all errors improved the most in terms of the long jump distance. Varying feedback influenced kinematic parameters differently, as there was no consistent change in the monitored kinematic variables across groups. It was concluded that, when learning a complex motor skill in a typical Physical Education setting, elementary school children are likely to benefit the most when receiving frequent feedback (both verbal and using video analysis, focusing on all errors) in comparison with the situation in which they receive feedback reduced in the type (only verbal) and the frequency (focusing only on key errors).Keywords: bandwidth feedback; kinematics; knowledge of performance; motor learning. --- Cilj ovoga rada bio je ispitati utjecaj različitih količina i vrsta povratnih informacija (PI) u procesu usvajanja tehnike skoka u dalj kod učenika osnovne škole. Osamdeset i osam učenika i učenica, starosti 11 (±0,5) godina, bez prethodnoga iskustva u treningu skoka u dalj, raspodijeljeno je u jednu od četiriju skupina ispitanika koje su dobivale PI: (1) verbalno samo na ključne greške, (2) verbalno i vizualno samo na ključne greške, (3) verbalno i vizualno na sve greške ili (4) nisu primale PI. Duljina skoka i relevantni kinematički parametri skoka u dalj izmjereni su prije i nakon 8-tjednog eksperimentalnoga tretmana. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su kako je grupa koja je primala PI, na svaku grešku verbalnim i vizualnim putem najviše napredovala u smislu duljine skoka u dalj. Različite količine i vrste PI različito djelovale su na promatrane kinematičke parametre te nisu uočene konzistentne promjene između grupa. Zaključeno je kako djeca osnovnoškolske dobi prilikom usvajanja kompleksne motoričke vještine imaju više koristi od većih frekvencija PI (verbalnih i vizualnih na sve greške) u usporedbi s reduciranim PI prema vrsti (samo verbalne) ili frekvenciji (samo na ključne greške).Ključne riječi: kinematika; motoričko učenje; poznavanje izvedbe; reducirane povratne informacije.
Plyometric training is an important part of athletic conditioning with many significant benefits, including improved motor abilities and performance, but it can also increase the serum indices of ...muscle damage, collagen breakdown, muscle swelling, and soreness. Due to the physical characteristics of water, plyometric training in water presents less eccentric contraction, facilitates faster transition from the eccentric to concentric phase of a jump and offers greater resistance during concentric contraction with acute lower indices of muscle damage. To advance our understanding of the long-term effects of an eight-week plyometric training programme on land and in water on muscle damage indicators (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and serum urea (SU)), two experimental groups of physically active men (a group on land (EG1) and a group in water (EG2)) were tested before and after the first and the last plyometric training to monitor muscle damage indicators and adaptations. The results showed changes in CK activity after both plyometric trainings for EG1 and only after the first training for EG2. Moreover, after the eight-week programme, significant difference was observed in CK activity in comparison with EG2. There were no observed changes in LDH activity while SU showed greater changes for the group on land. The plyometric training programme in water resulted in smaller levels of muscle damage indicators. Although both experimental groups conducted the same plyometric training with the same jump volume, the eccentric and concentric loads were not the same, so it can be concluded that adaptations in muscle damage processes are faster with smaller eccentric loads.
Proceedings of the 12th Conference of Sport and Quality of Life 2019 gatheres submissions of participants of the conference. Every submission is the result of positive evaluation by reviewers from ...the corresponding field. Conference is divided into sections – Analysis of human movement; Sport training, nutrition and regeneration; Sport and social sciences; Active ageing and sarcopenia; Strength and conditioning training; section for PhD students.
Cilj ovoga rada bio je ispitati utjecaj različitih količina i vrsta povratnih informacija
(PI) u procesu usvajanja tehnike skoka u dalj kod učenika osnovne škole. Osamdeset
i osam učenika i učenica, ...starosti 11 (±0,5) godina, bez prethodnoga iskustva u
treningu skoka u dalj, raspodijeljeno je u jednu od četiriju skupina ispitanika koje su
dobivale PI: (1) verbalno samo na ključne greške, (2) verbalno i vizualno samo na
ključne greške, (3) verbalno i vizualno na sve greške ili (4) nisu primale PI. Duljina
skoka i relevantni kinematički parametri skoka u dalj izmjereni su prije i nakon
osmotjednog eksperimentalnoga tretmana. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su kako
je grupa koja je primala PI, na svaku grešku verbalnim i vizualnim putem najviše
napredovala u smislu duljine skoka u dalj. Različite količine i vrste PI različito
djelovale su na promatrane kinematičke parametre te nisu uočene konzistentne
promjene između grupa. Zaključeno je kako djeca osnovnoškolske dobi prilikom
usvajanja kompleksne motoričke vještine imaju više koristi od većih frekvencija
PI (verbalnih i vizualnih na sve greške) u usporedbi s reduciranim PI prema vrsti
(samo verbalne) ili frekvenciji (samo na ključne greške).
The aim of this study was to determine the differences in the physiological load of the straight line running test (400 meters) and the specific handball task. The samples of entities were 10 healthy ...amateur handball players. The subjects (mean aged: 22.50 + or -1.35 years; body weight 87.9+ or-4.31 kg and body height 184.00+ or -5.29 cm) ran 400 meters on athletic track as well as handball ground path in three attempts. Maximum heart rate and perception of exertion (Borg scale) were measured after every repetition, while the blood lactate concentrations were measured after the last repetition. The results showed no statistically significant difference in maximum heart rate (p = 0.06), subjective perception of exertion (p = 0.90) and blood lactate concentration (p = 0.17) between 400 meters running and specific handball task. The conclusion is that there are no major differences in the physiological load of 400 meters running and specific handball task. Both activities can be used in glycolytic anaerobic endurance training of handball players, but specific task with its greater relation to the specific conditions is more appropriate.Original Abstract: Cilj ovog istrazivanja bio je utvrditi razlike u fizioloskim opterecenjima kod testa trcanja na pravcu (400 metara) i kod posebne rukometne zadace. Uzorci su bili 10 zdravih osoba amaterskih rukometasa. Ispitanici (uzrasta 22,50 + or - 1,35 godina, tjelesne tezine 87,9 + or - 4,31 kg, a visina tijela 184.00 + or - 5.29 cm) trcali su 400 metara na atletskoj stazi kao i na rukometnom terenu u tri pokusaja. Maksimalni broj otkucaja srca i percepcija napora (Borg skala) su mjereni nakon svakog ponavljanja, dok su koncentracije laktata izmjerene nakon zadnjeg ponavljanja. Rezultati su pokazali statisticki znacajnu razliku maksimalnog broja otkucaja srca (p = 0,06), subjektivne percepcije napora (p = 0,90) i laktata (p = 0,17) izmedu 400 metara i izvodenja posebne rukometne zadace. Zakljucak je da ne postoje velike razlike u fizioloskim opterecenjem od 400 metara i specificnih rukometnih zadacak. Obje aktivnosti mogu se koristiti u analizi anaerobni treninga izdrzljivosti kod rukometasa, ali specifican zadatak je prikladniji obzirom na situacijske uvjete..
The aim of this research was to determine the basic kinematic parameters of the high jump as well as the impact of changes in kinematic parameters on the height of the jump, and finally to determine ...the variability of kinematic parameters in longitudinal research. By means of kinematic analysis 25 kinematic parameters were acquired for seven jumps performed in the time span of three years by an elite Croatian female high jumper. By analysis of the kinematic parameters and the height of the jump the parameters which correlated the most with the height of the jump were acquired. Those were: height of the flight of CG (H2), vertical velocity of CG at the end of the take-off (VVETO), height of the hips above the bar (HHIP), take-off angle (ANTO), take-off duration (DTO), angle at the moment of entering the take-off (ANETO), maximal height of CG at the moment of crossing the bar (CGMAX), horizontal velocity of CG in the penultimate stride in the run-up (HV2RU). The values of certain kinematic parameters increased with the increase in the height of the jump, while values of other kinematic parameters decreased with the increase in the height of the jump. Basic kinematic parameters that increased with the height of the jump were height of the flight of CG (H2), vertical velocity of CG at the end of the take-off (VVETO), height of the hips above the bar (HHIP), take-off angle (ANTO), maximal height of CG at the moment of crossing the bar (CGMAX) as well as horizontal velocity of CG in the penultimate stride in the run-up (HV2RU), while the values of kinematic parameters take-off duration (DTO) and angle at the moment of entering the take-off (ANETO) decreased with the increase in the height of the jump. By analyzing the kinematic parameters of all the observed jumps it was determined that all the parameters varied with the increase in the height of the jump. Parameters that had the highest variability with regard to the height of the jump were: length of the penultimate stride in the run-up (SD = 18.90), distance between CG and bar projection at the moment of the take-off leg positioning (SD = 15.24), distance between take-off point and the bar projection (SD = 11.78) and the length of the last stride during the run-up (SD = 11.11). The lowest variability was observed in the parameter take-off duration, which is the duration of contact between the take-off leg and the surface, indicated by the 0.007 value of standard deviation.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, FSPLJ, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
10.
Učestalost i vrste ozljeda u karateu Antekolović, Ljubomir; Lenard, Maja; Wertheimer, Vlatka
Hrvatski športskomedicinski vjesnik,
12/2016, Letnik:
31, Številka:
2
Paper
Odprti dostop
Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 84 ispitanika
(42 karataša i 42 karatašice) na području Republike
Hrvatske. Cilj ovog rada bio je utvrditi vrstu i učestalost
sportskih ozljeda, stupanj težine ...kao i mjesto njihovog
nastanka. Također, rezultati istraživanja trebali bi pružati
glavne smjernice trenerima prilikom izrade kvalitetnih
prevencijskih i kondicijskih programa. Zabilježene su
ukupno 184 ozljede, iz čega proizlazi da se u prosjeku
svaki karataš ozlijedio 2,19 puta. Ozljede su bile učestalije
na treninzima (110), nego na natjecanjima (74). Karataši
su se češće ozljeđivali od karatašica. Karataši su najčešće
ozljeđivali ruke, šake i prste, a karatašice gležanj, stopalo
i prste. Najčešća vrsta ozljeda je uganuće zgloba (11,41%).
Prema stupnju težine, najviše je zabilježeno srednje teških
ozljeda (42%).
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