This research aims to explore the potential impact of the ChatGPT on b-learning methodologies in engineering education, specifically in mathematics. The study focuses on how the use of these ...artificial intelligence tools can affect the acquisition of critical thinking, problem-solving, and group work skills among students. The research also analyzes the students’ perception of the reliability, usefulness, and importance of these tools in academia. The study collected data through a survey of 110 students enrolled in a Mathematics I course in BEng Aerospace Engineering where a blended methodology, including flipped teaching, escape room gamification, problem-solving, and laboratory sessions and exams with a computer algebraic system were used. The data collected were analyzed using statistical methods and tests for significance. Results indicate students have quickly adopted ChatGPT tool, exhibiting high confidence in their responses (3.4/5) and general usage in the learning process (3.61/5), alongside a positive evaluation. However, concerns arose regarding the potential impact on developing lateral competencies essential for future engineers (2.8/5). The study concludes that the use of ChatGPT in blended learning methodologies poses new challenges for education in engineering, which requires the adaptation of teaching strategies and methodologies to ensure the development of essential skills for future engineers.
A short total synthesis of tunicamycin V (1), a non‐selective phosphotransferase inhibitor, is achieved via a Büchner–Curtius–Schlotterbeck type reaction. Tunicamycin V can be synthesized in 15 ...chemical steps from D‐galactal with 21 % overall yield. The established synthetic scheme is operationally very simple and flexible to introduce building blocks of interest. The inhibitory activity of one of the designed analogues 28 against human dolichyl‐phosphate N‐acetylglucosaminephosphotransferase 1 (DPAGT1) is 12.5 times greater than 1. While tunicamycins are cytotoxic molecules with a low selectivity, the novel analogue 28 displays selective cytostatic activity against breast cancer cell lines including a triple‐negative breast cancer.
A Büchner–Curtius–Schlotterbeck‐type reaction enabled the total synthesis of tunicamycin V (TN‐V), a nonselective phosphotransferase inhibitor, in just 15 steps from D‐galactal in 21 % overall yield. The short and high‐yielding synthetic route was also adapted for the synthesis of analogues, thus leading to the discovery of a novel cytostatic tunicamycin analogue, TN‐TMPA, with high DPAGT1 selectivity.
Scientific publication and its Peer Review system strongly rely on a few major industry players controlling most journals (e.g. Elsevier), databases (e.g. Scopus) and metrics (e.g. JCR Impact ...Factor), while keeping most articles behind paywalls. Critics to such system include concerns about fairness, quality, performance, cost, unpaid labor, transparency, and accuracy of the evaluation process. The Open Access movement has tried to provide free access to the published research articles, but most of the aforementioned issues remain. In such context, decentralized technologies such as blockchain offer an opportunity to experiment with new models for scientific production and dissemination relying on a decentralized infrastructure, aiming to tackle multiple of the current system shortcomings. This paper makes a proposal for an interoperable decentralized system for an open peer review ecosystem, relying on emerging distributed technologies such as blockchain and IPFS. Such system, named “Decentralized Science” (DecSci), aims to enable a decentralized reviewer reputation system, which relies on an Open Access by-design infrastructure, together with transparent governance processes. Two prototypes have been implemented: a proof-of-concept prototype to validate DecSci’s technological feasibility, and a Minimum Viable Product (MVP) prototype co-designed with journal editors. In addition, three evaluations have been carried out: an exploratory survey to assess interest on the issues tackled; two sets of interviews to confirm both the main problems for editors and to validate the MVP prototype; and a cost analysis of the main operations, both execution cost and actual price. Additionally, the paper discusses the multiple interoperability challenges such proposal faces, including an architecture to tackle them. This work finishes with a review of some of the open challenges that this ambitious proposal may face.
•Blockchain and IPFS technologies enable new decentralized systems for Peer Review.•An Open Access decentralized infrastructure for Peer Review is technically feasible.•The reviewer community shows interest to improve quality, fairness and recognition.•A hybrid architecture tackles decentralized/centralized interoperability challenges.
Este estudio aborda los patrones de política exterior desplegados por Roma en Hispania y Grecia entre el 200 y el 179 a.C. Partiendo de los precedentes de la provincialización de Iberia (197 a.C.) y ...la declaración de libertad de los griegos impulsada por Tito Quincio Flaminino (196 a.C.), plantea un análisis comparativo centrado en dos actores concretos: la Confederación Etolia y los pueblos de la Celtiberia. La implicación de las instituciones rectoras de la Urbs en la dirección de las interacciones diplomáticas con los etolios contrasta con la gestión de la relación con los celtíberos, al arbitrio de los imperatores. La vigencia de estas constantes explica las soluciones aplicadas en ambos frentes, entre las que destaca, según la hipótesis defendida, la creación de una federación gracano-celtíbera oculta bajo el velo de un acuerdo personal, cuya viabilidad reside, entre otros argumentos, en el reinicio de las hostilidades en la Celtiberia a la muerte de Tiberio Sempronio Graco.
Purpose To assess the efficacy and safety of trastuzumab plus capecitabine with or without pertuzumab in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive metastatic breast cancer who ...experienced disease progression during or after trastuzumab-based therapy and received a prior taxane. Patients and Methods Patients were randomly assigned to arm A: trastuzumab 8 mg/kg → 6 mg/kg once every 3 weeks plus capecitabine 1,250 mg/m
twice a day (2 weeks on, 1 week off, every 3 weeks); or arm B: pertuzumab 840 mg → 420 mg once every 3 weeks plus trastuzumab at the same dose and schedule as arm A plus capecitabine 1,000 mg/m
on the same schedule as arm A. The primary end point was independent review facility-assessed progression-free survival (IRF PFS). Secondary end points included overall survival (OS) and safety. Hierarchical testing procedures were used to control type I error for statistical testing of IRF PFS, OS, and objective response rate. Results Randomly assigned (intent-to-treat) populations were 224 and 228 patients in arms A and B, respectively. Median IRF PFS at 28.6 and 25.3 months' median follow-up was 9.0 v 11.1 months (hazard ratio, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.65 to 1.02; P = .0731) and interim OS was 28.1 v 36.1 months (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51 to 0.90). The most common adverse events (all grades; incidence of ≥ 10% in either arm and ≥ 5% difference between arms) were hand-foot syndrome, nausea, and neutropenia in arm A, and diarrhea, rash, and nasopharyngitis in arm B. Conclusion The addition of pertuzumab to trastuzumab and capecitabine did not significantly improve IRF PFS. An 8-month increase in median OS to 36.1 months with pertuzumab was observed. Statistical significance for OS cannot be claimed because of the hierarchical testing of OS after the primary PFS end point; however, the magnitude of OS difference is in keeping with prior experience of pertuzumab in metastatic breast cancer. No new safety signals were identified.
Different molecular strategies have been carefully evaluated to produce solid‐state luminescence enhancement (SLE) in compounds that show dark states in solution. A set of α‐phenylstyrylarene ...derivatives with a butterfly shape have been designed and synthesised, for the first time, with the aim of improving the solid‐state fluorescence emission of their parent styrylarene compounds. Although these butterfly molecules are not fluorescent in solution, one of them (1,2,4,5‐tetra(α‐phenylstyryl)benzene) exhibits a fluorescence quantum yield as high as 68 % in a drop‐cast sample and 31 % in its crystalline form. In contrast, 1,3,5‐tris(α‐phenylstyryl)benzene and 4,6‐bis(α‐phenylstyryl)pyrimidine do not show SLE. A range of fluorescence spectroscopy experiments and DFT calculations were carried out to unravel the origin of different photophysical behaviour of these compounds in the solid state. The results indicate that a rational strategy to control the SLE effect in luminogens depends on a delicate balance between molecular properties and inter‐/intramolecular interactions in the solid state.
Shaped to soar: A new set of butterfly‐shaped α‐phenylstyrylarene derivatives are synthesised with the aim of improving the solid‐state fluorescence emission of their parent styrylarene compounds. X‐ray diffraction, fluorescence spectroscopy and DFT calculations are carried out to unravel the origin of different photophysical behaviours of these compounds in the solid state.
The use of aminals in dynamic covalent chemistry is slightly underexplored, probably due to their inherent instability. Here we report the spontaneous 2+2 macrocyclization of tetrakis(aminals). Their ...unexpected stability and structural modularity, the dynamic nature of the connections and their water tolerance make them appealing systems for future applications as stimulus-responsive materials.
The efficient cyclic aminal formation leads to the stereoselective synthesis of the corresponding 2+2 macrocycles, for which the dynamic covalent nature of the aminal bond can be controlled under specific conditions.
Innovative teaching methodologies begat blended learning, which seems to facilitate engineering students’ achievement of competencies required for the 21st century and has proven to be essential to ...keep quality standards as university education has suffered the COVID-19 pandemic. In this paper, we approach the use of b-learning and digital technologies before the pandemic started, and how it worked like a vaccine, enabling university education resilience and facilitating the sustainability of the students learning process. A questionnaire-based study is presented, in which the data came from Aerospace Engineering students following a Mathematics subject in a Technological University in Spain. ANOVA and ANCOVA analysis provided a significant difference in the appreciation of the adaptation based on the prior application of b-learning methodologies or more traditional methodologies. Results obtained indicated that the use of digital resources and educational platforms caused a noticeable change in the students’ way of learning, improving habits and digital skills.
Abstract Background Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) (OMIM# 137215) is an autosomal dominant cancer syndrome associated with CDH1 (OMIM# 192090) mutations. Prophylactic total gastrectomy ...(PTG) is the most recommended preventive treatment when a pathogenic mutation is found. However, the increasing use of genetic testing has led to the identification of incidental CDH1 mutations in individuals without a family history of gastric cancer. It remains unclear whether these patients should undergo prophylactic total gastrectomy. Methods Germline DNA, obtained from peripheral blood, was analysed by NGS. Results A 47‐year‐old woman was diagnosed with high‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma, FIGO stage IIIC, with a Homologous Recombination Deficiency (HRD) GIS status of 78 (positive, cut‐off: 43). She received chemotherapy and niraparib treatment. A multigene panel test revealed no pathogenic mutations in BRCA1 (OMIM# 113705) /BRCA2 (OMIM# 600185) genes, but a de novo deletion of exon 16 in CDH1 was found incidentally. She had no previous family history of gastric or breast cancer. The patient was enrolled in a surveillance program involving periodic endoscopy and was diagnosed with diffuse gastric cancer through biopsies of a pale area in the antrum after 1 year of close endoscopic follow‐up. Conclusion This case presents supportive evidence for the pathogenic classification of the loss of the last exon of CDH1 .
A 47‐year‐old woman, diagnosed with high‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma with a de novo deletion of exon 16 in CDH1, found incidentally, was enrolled in a surveillance programme involving periodic endoscopy and was diagnosed with diffuse gastric cancer.
El lector de la presente obra tiene ante sí un compendio de artículos que le acercarán al quid de la profesión traductora ya que, con gran maestría, Beatriz Emilce Cagnolati, Ana María Gentile y ...María Laura Spoturno coordinan desde el seno de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata al resto de autores que intervienen a través de capítulos propios de su especialidad docente. Es una obra realizada desde el saber académico y la experiencia docente de sus autores.
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