Management of the “General Category” component of the US Atlantic sea scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) fishery changed from open access with a soft, or target, catch limit, to limited access with a ...hard catch limit, to individual fishing quotas (IFQs) in just three years. Two differences-in-differences (DiD) models are used to examine the causal effects of management on price and revenue. A hedonic price model finds that the IFQ program had minimal direct effects on prices. A landings composition model finds that the IFQ program increased landings of the largest scallops. The Limited Access fleet, which lands most of the scallops in the region and is managed primarily with input controls, serves as a control for both models. Our policy simulation finds that IFQs increased revenues by 2.6% compared to hard catch limits. However, the IFQ program did not increase revenues relative to the regulated open-access system.
An at-sea monitoring (ASM) program has been a required supplement to the Northeast Fisheries Observer Program, National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), for monitoring catch in the groundfish fishery ...in the northeastern United States since the inception of comprehensive sectorbased management in May 2010. For the initial years of this management program, the NMFS contracted with ASM providers and covered all costs for ASM-related services. Since March 2016, vessel owners who target groundfish collectively as groups called sectors have been required to cover the cost of the at-sea component of the ASM program through annual contracts with providers. Although subsequent developments have resulted in the NMFS reimbursing sectors for the majority of billed costs, the salient shift has been from government to private negotiation of ASM contracts. We investigated whether private contracting has reduced ASM costs by applying the terms of contracts to trip-level data from the groundfish fishery over the fishing years of 2013–2018. The payment regime of these contracts was compared with average costs per sea day from NMFS-negotiated contracts. We found that private contracts resulted in average cost reductions of 14% for the at-sea component of the ASM program. Cost reductions may, however, result in other complications, such as reduced observer pay and consequent issues of retention or data quality.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Abstract
Managers, stakeholders, and scientists recognize the need for collaborative, transparent, integrated approaches to complex resource management issues, and frameworks to address these complex ...issues are developing. Through the course of 2019, the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council developed a conceptual model of ecosystem linkages and risks for summer flounder, a species of recreational and commercial fisheries importance. The proximal aim of the model was to develop a list of integrated management questions that could be refined and addressed through a future quantitative management strategy evaluation. As such, this conceptual model served as a scoping tool. However, the true value of the conceptual model lays elsewhere: familiarizing resource managers historically focused on single-species management with the potential utility of an ecosystem approach to management. This paper details the goals and development of the conceptual model and situates this process in the broader context of best practices for collaborative open science and scientific reproducibility. Further, it highlights a successful path by which the shift towards ecosystem-based management can be actuated.
Rights-based management of fishery resources theoretically allows firms to minimize the cost of extraction without the threat that other harvesters will take their allocations, but added flexibility ...also allows firms to exploit revenue margins such that firms balance potential revenue gains with potential cost savings. Using two approaches, difference-in-differences with an index of seafood prices and synthetic control, we test for revenue gains in 39 US fisheries that adopted market-based regulations and find mixed evidence of price increases. Species with price increases tend to have viable fresh markets or other features that discourage gluts, whereas species with price decreases plausibly have more to gain on the cost side or are part of a multispecies complex with a higher-value species experiencing a price increase.
Preparation of this document This publication on the techno-economic performance of selected marine fishing fleets in North and South America was prepared in 2019-20 by Andrew Kitts of the National ...Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) under the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Raymon van Anrooy of the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department, Sjef van Eijs, Jesica Pino Shibata, René Pallalever Pérez, Alex Augusto Gonçalves (fisheries consultants), and Greg Ardini, Christopher Liese, Minling Pan, and Erin Steiner of NOAA. Acronyms and abbreviations AIS automatic identification system DAS days-at-sea EEZ exclusive economic zone FMP fishery management plan FTE fulltime-equivalent (employment figures) GOM Gulf of Mexico GDP gross domestic product GPS global positioning system GT gross tonnage GVA gross value added ICCAT International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas ICES International Council for the Exploration of the Sea IFO intermediate fuel oil IFQ individual fishing quota ITQ individual transferable quotas kW kilowatt LOA length overall MAP multi-annual plan MHI main Hawaiian Islands MSY maximum sustainable yield NAFO Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service (NOAA) NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (U.S. Department of Commerce) nm nautical mile ROI return on investment ROFTA return on fixed tangible assets RFMO Regional Fishery Management Organization SPRFMO South Pacific Regional Fisheries Management Organisation TAC total allowable catch USD United States Dollar 1. The information on techno-economic performance of the world's fishing fleets will further assist FAO Members in the implementation of the International Plan of Action for the Management of Fishing Capacity (IPOA-Capacity).2 For fisheries managers and stakeholders it is essential to not only understand the status of the fisheries resources and the trends in seafood production, but also to know about the techno-economic performance of the fishing fleets. ...FAO and particularly its Fishing Operations and Technology Branch (FIAO), regularly conduct global studies to analyse the cost structure and economic and financial performance of fishing fleets.
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