Digital watermarking has emerged as a potential solution to the copyright protection related issues of digital data. This paper presents key paradigms of research in robust watermarking techniques ...for copyright protection, copy protection, and authentication of digital multimedia. The main issues that derive research in robust watermarking schemes are imperceptibility, security, and robustness. The purpose of this paper is to provide a gist of robust watermarking schemes in the transform domain with the help of some brief theories proposed in the literature. Frequency transformation techniques such as DCT, DFT, and DWT, RDWT have been the most widely used methods to develop robust watermarking algorithms in the transform domain. The general framework of the watermarking system, recent application areas, characteristics, classification of information hiding methods, and various performance evaluation parameters considered by researchers have also been presented in this review. Broadly, this study reviews and compare performance summary of the several state-of-art robust watermarking methods available. This survey paper will be beneficial for the researchers keen to contribute to the field of robust digital watermarking particularly in the transform domain.
Maternal chorioamnionitis (MC) is one of the major risk factors for early-onset neonatal sepsis. Kaiser sepsis risk calculator (SRC) is a validated risk assessment tool for such newborns. The ...National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) workshop on MC has proposed a risk assessment algorithm. The objective of the study was to compare the reduction in antibiotic use in newborns treated with SRC and NICHD algorithm and determine the antibiotic use correlation between them.
A retrospective chart review was performed on newborns born at ≥ 37 weeks to mothers with MC during the years 2018–2020. The same cohort of newborns was evaluated using SRC and NICHD algorithm to determine whether treatment with antibiotics could have been avoided in some patients. The data were analyzed using a t-test, Chi-square test, and ANOVA.
During the study period, 101 newborns were born to mothers with chorioamnionitis and received antibiotics. When the newborns were assessed using the SRC, only 16/101 (15.84%) would have received treatment. When NICHD algorithm was applied to the same cohort 71/101 (70.30%) newborns would have received treatment. The two approaches agreed in their assessment for treatment or observation only in 44/101 (43.56%) of the cases.
The NICHD treatment group had a higher incidence of chorioamnionitis as seen in placental pathology (94.37% vs. 75.00% for Kaiser, p-0.015). The SRC treatment group however had newborns with significantly lower Apgar score at 1 min (8.21 vs 6.63, p-0.006) and 5-minute (8.69 vs 8.00, p-0.019) and had significantly higher supplemental oxygen requirements at admission (62.50% vs. 21.13%, p < 0.001).
Both SRC and NICHD algorithms expose fewer newborns to antibiotics; however, they differ in the number of newborns that would require antibiotics. Ventilation assistance and lower Apgar scores were associated with higher probability of antibiotic administration.
Uremic encephalopathy presenting as involuntary movements of the orofacial region is important to recognize because of reversibility seen with resolution of azotaemia though residual neurological ...dysfunction might persist. Neuroimaging is important part of diagnosis with typical lesions involving basal ganglia seen mostly in diabetic patients. Our case highlights a patient with non-diabetic uremic encephalopathy with facial dyskinesia which is rare with a lesion in unilateral lentiform nucleus and small white matter hyperintensities. Resolution following dialysis pointed to uraemia as aetiology.
Purpose
The issue of mounting non-performing assets (NPAs) in Indian banking industry is serious and attracting attention of academia and policy planners. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to test ...the hypothesis whether NPAs in Indian commercial banking have reached at alarming state where they start affecting the technical efficiency levels adversely or not.
Design/methodology/approach
The efficiency score have been computed using case model (model with NPAs as bad/undesirable output) vs control model (model without NPAs as bad/undesirable output) methodology under meta-frontier data envelopment analysis framework.
Findings
It has been noticed that the effect of NPAs on overall technical efficiency and its various components is insignificant. The comparison of the case models (i.e. model with NPAs as bad output) with the control models (i.e. model without NPAs) reveals insignificant difference in average efficiency scores and rank distribution of commercial banks. The major source of inefficiency is technology gap (i.e. structure, setup and objectives of banking) among public, domestic private and foreign private categories of banks.
Practical implications
Though NPAs are increasing in Indian banking industry and specifically in Indian public sector banks because of their compulsory lending to priority sector yet the banks have huge scope to extend credit to priority sector as the NPAs have not reached at alarming stage where they start affecting adversely the efficiency performance.
Originality/value
Given the fact that the banking penetrations, structure and objectives differ significantly across ownership, separate frontiers for each ownership (public, private and foreign banks) category has been used to evaluate the technical efficiency levels of 81 commercial banks operating in India over the period 2005 to 2013.
Cloud computing is a prominent technology that allows clients to access the required data to accomplish their tasks on any machine with an internet connection. Although it is an emerging technique in ...the information technology world, it is facing some challenges also. Data security has become a big hindrance in the growth and promotion of cloud services. As data resides in different places all over the world, data security and privacy have become major areas of concern about cloud technology. Mathematical modelling acts as an important aid to examine and alleviate possible attacks or hazards on cloud models. The paper reviews several security areas and issues related to the cloud computing environment. It also aims to focus mathematical models on security issues that arise from the use of cloud services. Various threats to the data security for a faithful cloud environment are also discussed. Various methods that ensure cloud privacy and security of the data are also reviewed.
Unintentional overuse of commonly prescribed medications can prove catastrophic. A 30-year-old man presented with difficulty in speaking and walking since 10 days. Examination revealed ataxic gait ...and bilateral cerebellar signs. During a recent admission for amoebic liver abscess, he was managed with the percutaneous aspiration of abscess and metronidazole which he continued for more than 2 weeks. During the current presentation, brain imaging showed confluent hypodensities in the bilateral dentate nucleus suggestive of metronidazole toxicity. Two weeks after discontinuation of the offending agent, the patient improved clinically with complete radiological resolution of lesions.
Visual tracking is the most challenging fields in the computer vision scope. Occlusion full or partial remains to be a big mile stone to achieve .This paper deals with occlusion along with ...illumination change, pose variation, scaling, and unexpected camera motion. This algorithm is interest point based using SURF as detector descriptor algorithm. SURF based Mean-Shift algorithm is combined with Lukas-Kanade tracker. This solves the problem of generation of online templates. These two trackers over the time rectify each other, avoiding any tracking failure. Also, Unscented Kalman Filter is used to predict the location of target if target comes under the influence of any of the above mentioned challenges. This combination makes the algorithm robust and useful when required for long tenure of tracking. This is proven by the results obtained through experiments conducted on various data sets.
Robust and accurate human tracking using computer vision is acquiring more and more attention, seeking to meet the demands of the increasing number of applications. This paper presents a novel ...approach to handle occlusion and out of plane rotation. Both these issues are crucial and continue to be a challenge in all state of art algorithms of computer vision-based human tracking. In this paper a SURF oriented scheme based human tracker is proposed, which searches for the target human in expanded rectangular region surrounding the previous target location. There is an online update of object model by selecting fresh templates every time. Here, superimposition of keypoints obtained from previous templates is done on fresh template using Affine transformation. Whether it’s a pose change or not, is affirmed by affine transformation, by calculating aspect ratio of target enclosed region. An Autotuned classifier discriminates the case of occlusion and pose change and confirms tracking failure. The success rate and computational time proves the accomplishment of the proposed algorithm
Generation Y Arora, Nidhi; Dhole, Vijay
Benchmarking : an international journal,
07/2019, Letnik:
26, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine expectations of Generation Y (born between 1980 and 2000) entrants to Indian industry, in respect of their perspective, job experiences, considerations ...and initial employment expectations. Keeping in mind that organizations are required to prepare for the expectations of Generation Y. Human resources (HR) practitioners should consider the next generation as strategic business partners in the twenty-first-century workplaces, questions ignite about Generation Y’s values and aspirations and how we can engage them in our workplaces. This study was an attempt to look at Indian Gen Y employees who comprise almost half of the Indian working population and are growing at a rapid pace. Effective understanding of Gen Y will lead to the designing of effective HR policies and environment.
Design/methodology/approach
Utilizing quantitative research methods, an exploratory study was undertaken with 520 employees (all of whom fell into the category of Generation Y) from various industries.
Findings
The study found that many of the propositions contained within the Generation Y literature were reflected among participants in relation to their future career and lifestyle aspirations. This hints to the need for industry to carefully benchmark employee expectations and experiences to ensure commitment to the sector.
Research limitations/implications
Being an exploratory study, the results are not generalizable to the wider population. The findings frame a future longitudinal study on the careers of Generation Y graduates as they move from the anticipation to the encounter stage of their career development. This will seek to further explore the implications of Generation Y values, including those relating to diversity and equality which were not raised as an issue in this preliminary study.
Practical implications
The findings of this research contribute to our knowledge of the career aspirations of Generation Y. The paper indicates to employers some of the future benchmarkings in recruitment and HR practices that they might adopt to meet the needs of this generation of employees. It is anticipated that this paper will interest new and experienced HR practitioners. Interest might spark ongoing inquiry into effective approaches for employee engagements, specifically to Gen Y employees who will be ruling the workplace in the coming decade. The Gen Y has also led to attrition problems. Therefore, this paper will help in the effective understanding of Gen Y and designing strategies for internal benchmarking in various policies.
Originality/value
This work is a unique effort to look at the common expectations of the Gen Y employees, from the workplace. The findings highlighted the general expectations which are normally neglected in high strategical environment of today’s tech-savvy industry.
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