The mechanical, thermal, and barrier characteristics of an epoxy biocomposite coating made using rice husk biomass biosilica were investigated in this study. The primary objective of this research ...was to find out whether and how adding biosilica from biomass rice husks improve the polymeric coating material's properties and adopted as sustainable coating element. The thermo-chemical approach and an aqueous solution method were adopted to transform the rice husk ash into the biosilica and in silane treated form. The ultrasonicator was used to mix the biosilica particles with resin to create the composite coating material. The prepared coating material was then characterized using ASTM standards in order to evaluate the effects of biosilica addition. According to the results, the tensile and flexural properties were improved by the inclusion of silica particles up to 1 and 2 vol%. However the properties are reduced when the biosilica amount was increased up to 4 vol%. In contrast, the hardness and thermal conductivity of the 4 vol% of biosilica dispersed composite was 94 shore-D and 0.42 W/mK, respectively. In terms of mass loss stability, the 4 vol% biosilica dispersed composite outperformed. After the biosilica particle was added, the barrier behavior showed good resistance to oxygen penetration. However, the stability of water permeation was moderately affected. As a coating material for corrosion-prone metallic surfaces and other household coating applications, these mechanically enhanced, thermally strengthened, and barrier property strengthened biosilica-epoxy composites could be applied.
•Silane treated rice husk ash biosilica epoxy coatings were successfully prepared.•Mechanical properties of coatings are improved with RHA Biosilica content.•Thermal stability of coatings are improved with RHA Biosilica content.•Highest hardness achieved was 94 Shore-D, which is highly preferred in coating.•Barrier properties were improved as biosilica content improved.
In this study, a microcrystalline cellulosic biopolymer (MCB) made from Pisum Sativum (green pea) pod waste via a modified thermo‐chemical process, and Crotalaria juncea (sunn hemp) fibre was used to ...create environment‐friendly polyester composites. The main objective was to synthesise the MCB from domestic waste and characterize how the addition of hemp alters the strength of the polymeric composite. The MCB was synthesized using green pea pods. The sunn hemp fibres were used in mat form in this study. The composites were made using the hand layup method and post‐cured at 110°C for 2 h. The results showed that the addition of sunn hemp fibre and MCB increased the mechanical properties. Similarly, the highest observed fatigue life count for the composite designated PSC3 (2.0 vol.% MCB) was 30862 at 30% ultimate tensile stress. Similarly, the composite PSC3 had the maximum penetration resistance with an absorbed energy of 14.2 J. Moreover, the addition of silane‐treated cellulose and fibre provided an improved storage modulus of 6.8 GPa for the PSC3 composite, confirming the improved fibre‐matrix fibre interaction and increased toughness. The scanning electron microscope images revealed improved fibre‐matrix correlation. These eco‐friendly composites with better load‐bearing capabilities could be preferred in automated door panels, defence toolboxes, and home interior decoration applications.
Display omitted
•Injectable hydrogels have numerous advantages over conventional scaffolds.•Preparation of different polymeric injectable hydrogel systems.•The design considerations for injectable ...hydrogels.•Incorporation of growth factors, drugs and cells into hydrogels.•Injectable hydrogels for different tissue engineering applications.
The desire and need to minimize traditional open surgeries is gearing up as it could reduce the healthcare expenses and improve the recovery time for the patients. Minimal invasive procedures using endoscopes, catheters and needles have been developed considerably in the last few decades. In the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, there is a need for advancement over the conventional scaffolds and pre-formed hydrogels. In this scenario, injectable hydrogels have gained wider appreciation among the researchers, as they can be used in minimally invasive surgical procedures. Injectable gels with their ease of handling, complete filling of the defect area and good permeability have emerged as promising biomaterials. The system can effectively deliver a wide array of therapeutic agents like drugs, growth factors, fillers and even cells. This review provides an overview of the recent trends in the preparation of injectable hydrogels, along with key factors to be kept in balance for designing an effective injectable hydrogel system. Further, we have summarized the application of injectable hydrogels in adipose, bone, cartilage, intervertebral discs and muscle tissue engineering.
Summary
The primary objective of this study is threefold: (1) to present a general higher‐order shell theory to analyze large deformations of thin or thick shell structures made of general ...compressible hyperelastic materials; (2) to formulate an efficient shell theory using the orthonormal moving frame, and (3) to develop and apply the nonlinear weak‐form Galerkin finite element model for the proposed shell theory. The displacement field of the line normal to the shell reference surface is approximated by the Taylor series/Legendre polynomials in the thickness coordinate of the shell. The use of an orthonormal moving frame makes it possible to represent kinematic quantities (e.g., the determinant of the deformation gradient) in a far more efficient manner compared with the nonorthogonal covariant bases. Kinematic quantities for the shell deformation are obtained in a novel way in the surface coordinate described in the appendix of this study with the help of exterior calculus. Furthermore, the governing equation of the shell deformation has been derived in the general surface coordinates. To obtain the nonlinear solution in the quasi‐static cases, we develop the weak‐form finite element model in which the reference surface of the shell is modeled exactly. The general invariant based compressible hyperelastic material model is considered. The formulation presented herein can be specialized for various other nonlinear compressible hyperelastic constitutive models, for example, in biomechanics and other soft‐material problems (e.g., compressible neo‐Hookean material, compressible Mooney–Rivlin material, Saint Venant–Kirchhoff model, and others). A number of numerical examples are presented to verify and validate the formulation presented in this study. The scope of potential extensions are outlined in the final section of this study.
This work aims to investigate the degradation stability of bamboo fiber-reinforced polyester composite toughened with complex lignin biopolymer derived from the waste grape stalks. The properties ...like mechanical, wear, thermal, DMA, and hydrophobic were studied after the addition of lignin and analyzed how the lignin addition influenced these properties. Prior to composite making the fiber and lignin was treated with silane. According to the results obtained incorporating 40 vol% of bamboo fiber into the polyester resin, the mechanical and wear properties enhanced. Further, the composite containing 2.0 vol% of lignin has maximum tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and ILSS. Similarly, the composite designation having 4 vol% lignin revealed the improved wear loss stability of 0.007 mm3/Nm (sp. wear rate). The highest degradation temperature reported for composite designation UBL4 it was 520 °C, with a relatively lesser weight loss of 19 %. Likewise, the highest storage modulus was about 4.5 GPa, and the lowest loss factor was up to 0.3 for the composite designation UBL4. The contact angle investigation revealed that all composite designations are not fall below 70°, indicating their hydrophobic stability. These composites with enhanced stability against load, heat and water could be utilized in the industrial, automotive and defense sectors where high performance outcomes are required.
•Proposing a computationally effective neural network for classifying crop diseases.•Capable to classify the crop-diseases independent of crops.•Enhanced the utilization of feature maps using ...Complete Concatenated Block.•Reduced the computational parameters without affecting the performance of the model.•Incorporating the model compression technique for reducing the final model size.
A significant threat to agriculture yield is crop disease. It leads to enormous losses for farmers and also has an impact economically. Leaves affected by certain diseases will exhibit unique characteristics, which will be utilized by deep learning frameworks to identify the diseases. In this paper, the Complete Concatenated Deep Learning (CCDL) architecture, a multi-crop disease detection model is proposed that is capable to classify the crop diseases irrespective of crops. In this architecture, Complete Concatenated Block (CCB) is introduced as a core functional unit. In this unit, the point convolution layer is positioned before every convolution layer to confine the number of parameters generated in the model. A complete concatenation path is invoked upon the convolution layers, contained within the CCB. It enhances the utilization of feature maps and helps to achieve better classification accuracy. The proposed architecture is trained using the reorganized Plant Village dataset. Later the trained model has been pruned for model size reduction, called Pruned Complete Concatenated Deep Learning model (PCCDL). This proposed architecture is delivered as three variants, in which the model PCCDL with Partial Standard Convolution Technique (PCCDL-PSCT) outperformed and achieved a higher classification accuracy of 98.14 % with a lesser model size of ∼10 MB.
The molecular changes that support implantation in eutherian mammals are necessary to establish pregnancy. In marsupials, pregnancy is relatively short, and although a placenta does form, it is ...present for only a few days before parturition. However, morphological changes in the uterus of marsupials at term mimic those that occur during implantation in humans and mice. We investigated the molecular similarity between term pregnancy in the marsupials and implantation in eutherian mammals using the gray short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) as a model. Transcriptomic analysis shows that term pregnancy in the opossum is characterized by an inflammatory response consistent with implantation in humans and mice. This immune response is temporally correlated with the loss of the eggshell, and we used immunohistochemistry to report that this reaction occurs at the materno–fetal interface. We demonstrate that key markers of implantation, including Heparin binding EGF-like growth factor and Mucin 1, exhibit expression and localization profiles consistent with the pattern observed during implantation in eutherian mammals. Finally, we show that there are transcriptome-wide similarities between the opossum attachment reaction and implantation in rabbits and humans. Our data suggest that the implantation reaction that occurs in eutherians is derived from an attachment reaction in the ancestral therian mammal which, in the opossum, leads directly to parturition. Finally, we argue that the ability to shift from an inflammatory attachment reaction to a noninflammatory period of pregnancy was a key innovation in eutherian mammals that allowed an extended period of intimate placentation.
Tissue Biology: In Search of a New Paradigm Adler, Miri; Chavan, Arun R; Medzhitov, Ruslan
Annual review of cell and developmental biology,
10/2023, Letnik:
39, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Animal tissues are made up of multiple cell types that are increasingly well-characterized, yet our understanding of the core principles that govern tissue organization is still incomplete. This is ...in part because many observable tissue characteristics, such as cellular composition and spatial patterns, are emergent properties, and as such, they cannot be explained through the knowledge of individual cells alone. Here we propose a complex systems theory perspective to address this fundamental gap in our understanding of tissue biology. We introduce the concept of cell categories, which is based on cell relations rather than cell identity. Based on these notions we then discuss common principles of tissue modularity, introducing compositional, structural, and functional tissue modules. Cell diversity and cell relations provide a basis for a new perspective on the underlying principles of tissue organization in health and disease.
•High MW SE was achieved in the hybrid PMCs with high Ag-ZnO NP/Co NW contents.•Interfacial polarization of the shield contributed significantly in achieving good SE.•The absorption mechanism ...improved with increasing the content of Cobalt nanowire.
Multi reinforcement based composite films has been fabricated and tested for electrical, magnetic and EMI shielding behavior. The main objective of this research was to analyze how a magnetic material is more susceptible to increase the EMI shielding effect than conductive composite. The EMI shield was made using Zinc and Silver nanoparticle, Cobalt nanowire and Caryota urens natural fibres (CUNFs). The hand layup method was used for making shielding composite followed by post curing process at 120 °C for 48 h. The obtained results assured that the hybrid specimens exhibited improved performance by boosting shielding efficiency with increasing concentration of conductive and magnetic fillers. Notably, the SEM micrographs exhibit more adhesion for surface modified surfaces than those unmodified surfaces. A highest attenuation of ~ 50.8 dB was achieved for composite designation SP3, which contains 6phe of ZnO, Ag and Co-nanowire, which confirms the importance of adding magnetic filler. These improved EMI shielding hybrid composites could be used in many applications such as defense products, communication instruments and EMI filters.
Hyperspectral microscopy in biology and minerals, unsupervised deep learning neural network denoising SRS photos: hyperspectral resolution enhancement and denoising one hyperspectral picture is ...enough to teach unsupervised method. An intuitive chemical species map for a lithium ore sample is produced using k-means clustering. Many researchers are now interested in biosignals. Uncertainty limits the algorithms’ capacity to evaluate these signals for further information. Even while AI systems can answer puzzles, they remain limited. Deep learning is used when machine learning is inefficient. Supervised learning needs a lot of data. Deep learning is vital in modern AI. Supervised learning requires a large labeled dataset. The selection of parameters prevents over- or underfitting. Unsupervised learning is used to overcome the challenges outlined above (performed by the clustering algorithm). To accomplish this, two processing processes were used: (1) utilizing nonlinear deep learning networks to turn data into a latent feature space (Z). The Kullback–Leibler divergence is used to test the objective function convergence. This article explores a novel research on hyperspectral microscopic picture using deep learning and effective unsupervised learning.
PDF
