To reduce transmission of the coronavirus, the Brazilian government adopted containment measures to control the virus’ spread, including limitations to the practice of physical activity. It was aimed ...to analyze the effects of COVID-19 quarantine on physical activity levels, energy expenditure, quality of life, and level of stress in a sample of the Brazilian population. The sample included 426 participants (7 to 80 years). The International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Short form survey-36 (SF-36), and Stress Perception Scale, were used to assess the level of physical activity, quality of life and stress, respectively. The anthropometric data was used to the assessment of body mass index and basal metabolic rate. Body weight increased significantly in all sample (p < 0.05). During the pandemic, 84% of the sample indicated a low level of physical activity. Furthermore, weekly energy expenditure decreased significantly in all age groups during the pandemic (children p < 0.0001; adolescents: p < 0.0001; adults p < 0.001, and elderly p < 0.0001). All aspects of quality of life, significantly reduced in both sexes in all age groups (p < 0.05). With the exception of children, stress levels increased significantly during the pandemic (adolescents: male: p = 0.003, female: p < 0.05; adults: male: p = 0.003, female: p = 0.01, and elderly: male: p = 0.02, female: p = 0.03). Findings from the present study suggests that COVID-19 social isolation has negatively affected Brazilian’ physical activity and quality of life.
The biological maturation (BM) analyzed by peak height velocity (PHV) and bone age (BA), and lean body mass has been associated with the strength and muscle power of young athletes. However, the ...ability of BM (PHV and BA) and LM markers to predict muscle strength and power in young athletes remains uncertain. The Aim was determine the predicting power of BM markers (PHV and BA) and LM in relation to muscle power of upper and lower limbs and muscle strength of upper limbs in adolescent athletes at puberty. Ninety-two adolescent athletes (both sexes; age 12.4 ± 1.02 years) were assessed for body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Power of upper limbs (ULP), force handgrip (HG), vertical jump (VJ) and countermovement jump (CMJ) were recorded. BM was predicted by mathematical models to estimate PHV and BA. Multilayer artificial neural network analyses (MLP's) were used to determine the power of prediction of LM, PHV and BA on muscle power and strength of upper- and lower-limbs of the athletes. LM, BA and PHV were associated with HG (r>0.74, p0.60, p0.55, p0.53, p0.60, p<0.05) with BA and with PHV (r<0.83, p 72% of probability to predict the muscle power of upper- and lower-limbs, and the strength of the upper limbs; whereas PHV provides > 43% and bone age >64% in both female and male adolescent athletes. We identified that, like PHV and BA, LM is a strong predictor of low cost of both upper limbs muscle strength and upper and lower limbs power in adolescent athletes.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo exploratório sobre a gestão do processo de projeto de instalações elétricas em estabelecimentos hospitalares complexos. A pesquisa realizou-se por meio de dois ...estudos de caso. As fontes de evidências envolveram a documentação de projeto, atas de reuniões, procedimentos, assistência a reuniões de coordenação, entrevistas e acompanhamento de rotinas de trabalho. Dessa forma, foi possível mapear o processo de projeto, identificando problemas, dificuldades e desafios. Os casos, explorados a partir de um referencial teórico que abordou a situação da gestão de projetos e suas diversas disciplinas envolvidas, apresentam um extenso quadro das dificuldades encontradas na elaboração de projetos de instalações elétricas em empreendimentos hospitalares, suas causas e possíveis ações visando minimizar os riscos inerentes a empreendimentos que, por sua natureza, oferecem elevado grau de complexidade e exigem interação completa entre os diversos agentes envolvidos. A ausência de um adequado programa de necessidades, a utilização de técnicas de gestão de projetos ultrapassadas e o desconhecimento técnico das particularidades expostas pelas instalações hospitalares provocam relações tensas entre as partes e, por consequência, o descumprimento dos prazos e a extrapolação dos orçamentos previstos, além de lacunas no atendimento às expectativas de investidores, contratantes e de usuários desses empreendimentos. Por fim, este trabalho aponta a utilização de duas importantes ferramentas com o objetivo de minimizar os riscos apresentados: o programa de necessidades para a elaboração de projetos de instalações elétricas em empreendimentos hospitalares, além de uma sequência proposta para a elaboração dos referidos projetos, fundamentada nos conceitos de gestão do processo de projeto.
Purpose There is no consensus in literature data about the influence of biological maturation (BM) on swim performance in young athletes. We analysed the relationship of BM, upper-limb power (ULP), ...and lower-limb power (LLP) with adolescent athletes’ performance in crawl swim. Methods This observational study determined the BM of 16 competitive swimmers (50% males and 50% females; 12.90 ± 0.88 years) by a mathematical model based on bone age and anthropometric measures. ULP and LLP were established by the horizontal launch test and the vertical and countermovement jump tests on a force platform, respectively. Swim performance was evaluated by the average speed in a 100-m crawl sprint. Results BM was related to ULP (males: r = 0.76, p = 0.001; females: r = 0.39, p = 0.02), LLP (males: vertical jump r = 0.80, p = 0.02, countermovement jump r = 0.48, p = 0.02; females: vertical jump r = 0.30, p = 0.04, countermovement jump r = 0.80, p = 0.01), and crawl swim performance (males: r = –0.91, p = 0.001; females: r = –0.72, p = 0.04). BM had a 87% contribution to crawl swim performance in males and a 66% contribution in females. ULP and LLP showed < 50% contribution to crawl swim performance in both females and males. Conclusions BM was associated with crawl swim performance of adolescent athletes of both sexes. BM exhibited a stronger contribution to crawl swim performance than ULP and LLP in adolescent swimmers at the puberty window.
Identifying factors that lead students either not to graduate on time or drop out helps Higher Education Institutions improve retention and decrease attrition. This paper tackles this problem by ...introducing a novel approach to discovering such factors through pattern mining using association rules. The novelty of the method arises from introducing social network analysis inside the pattern mining process. The social networks metrics for each student and the degree of propagation of grade point average are computed and integrated with students’ records for pattern mining serving as a proxy for the existing bond among students, which is a relevant factor for attrition and dropout analysis. This paper examines the Bachelor Program in Production Engineering at the Federal Center for Technological Education of Rio de Janeiro from 2011 to 2017. Our experiments indicate congruence with the literature: (i) lower school performance leading to delay; (ii) higher performance leading to graduation in optimal time. Besides, our new method sheds light on students with little participation in the social network who are more likely to delay or drop out. Our findings may aid managers in discovering students with patterns that can indicate imminent lateness or dropout.
•A novel methodology can be automated and used to analyze the factors that influence graduation on time, delay, and dropouts.•The authors use association rules augmented by social network metrics to unveil students' academic and social relationships.•A novel methodology enables the course managers to concentrate on courses and students who need more attention.•A novel methodology intended to circumvent effects related to different ethnic, gender, social, or cultural backgrounds.
AÇUDE À CIDADE Araújo, Breno de Assis Silva; Ferreira, Angela Lucia; Silva, Adielson Pereira da ...
Revista Eletrônica: Tempo - Técnica - Território / Eletronic Magazine: Time - Technique - Territory,
09/2019, Letnik:
10, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
A estreita relação entre o Açude Público de Cruzeta e a cidade homônima, evidenciada pela crise hídrica atual, remonta o período da construção do reservatório pela Inspetoria Federal de Obras Contra ...as Secas (IFOCS). Esse momento se insere em um contexto maior, que se equaciona pelas ações de modernização do país com a maior atenção dada aos problemas nacionais e, em nível local, pelos anseios de ascensão e domínio das elites sobre a futura cidade: seu potencial hídrico e locacional. Diante disso, questiona-se: como o surgimento e desenvolvimento de Cruzeta se relacionam à s ações de dinamização da atividade agrícola e aproveitamento da localização estratégica para articulação da região do Seridó? Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho consiste em depreender a participação do contexto socioeconômico-político e técnico que envolveu a construção do açude na produção do espaço do município e da cidade-sede. Para tanto, orientados pelo conceito de produção do espaço, realizou-se a revisão bibliográfica apoiando em discussões de diversos autores sobre a questão em abordagens e escalas diferentes. Tais aportes fundamentaram a análise empírica dos diagnósticos técnicos e governamentais da Inspetoria ”“ estrutura normativa, dados orçamentários e de desenvolvimento das obras. O espaço e sociedade cruzetenses se estruturam na própria construção do açude, nas estratégias da elite e no anseio de modernização nacional, em que suas características geográficas foram fator preponderante.
Different alternative hosts can reduce or even avoid pre-imaginal conditioning of parasitoids in mass production programs.
(Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) may be an alternative host for mass ...rearing the parasitoid
Delvare & LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). The objective of this study was to evaluate the parasitism, emergence, egg-to-adult period, progeny size, sex ratio, and consumption of host tissue per individual of
produced using
pupae in the laboratory. Newly formed
pupae were weighed, individualized in glass tubes and each one was exposed to six newly emerged
females during 48 h. These pupae were transferred to plastic pots until the emergence of
adults.
parasitized and emerged from 100.0 % and 87.5 % of the
pupae, respectively. The egg-to-adult period of
was 24.28 ± 0.18 days, with 109 ± 2 individuals emerging per host pupae. Mass consumption of the host was 2.56 ± 0.01 mg per parasitoid emerged. This is the first report of
parasitizing and developing in
pupae. The ease of rearing
with an artificial diet, and the high parasitism, emergence, and progeny size of
support the suitability of this alternative host to mass-rearing this parasitoid.
BACKGROUND: The introduction of high-intensity functional training (HIFT) in sport gave rise to the exploration of determinants of success in sport. OBJECTIVE: To analyze whether asymmetry inter-limb ...is related to reduction in physical performance in amateur HIFT athletes. METHODS: Twenty-four HIFT amateur athletes, 11 women and 13 men, participated in the study. All volunteers performed three different jump tests: the squat jump (SJ), the countermovement jump (CMJ), performed unilaterally and bilaterally, and the 20-m sprint test. RESULTS: An overall asymmetry inter-limb of 9.5% in women and 9.3% men was not associated with any of the outcome measures. There were no significant differences in both genders between asymmetry, sprint, lower limbs’ muscle power (LLMP), SJ, CMJ and stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) (p> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Asymmetry inter-limb in CMJ does not seem to affect the performance of amateur athletes of HIFT. Thus, when the target is to maximise the performance, in the training programme, coaches should prioritise tasks that increase vertical jump capacity at the detriment of the unilateral jump.
Context:
Home-based exercise programs are a good strategy to promote benefits to health for people who cannot visit gyms, clinics, or have limited time for physical activity outside.
Objective:
To ...synthesize the effect of home-based indoor physical activity on psychosocial outcomes and mobility in community-dwelling older adults.
Data Sources:
A comprehensive search was conducted in the MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases.
Study Selection:
A total of 11 studies (13 publications) were included involving a total of 1004 older adults.
Study Design:
A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted using the aforementioned 7 databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.
Level of Evidence:
Level 2.
Data Extraction:
Two authors independently selected studies, extracted data, and determined the risk of bias and evidence level using the Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations (GRADE) guidelines. We conducted a synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) to assess the outcome.
Results:
There is moderately certain evidence that home-based exercise programs reduced the fear of falling. Psychosocial (mental health and quality of life) and mobility outcomes may improve after participating in the intervention inside the home.
Conclusion:
The review found very low to certain evidence that home-based exercises programs improved psychosocial outcomes (mental health and quality of life) and walking speed (mobility). Moderately certain evidence suggests that home-based exercises improved fear of falling.
Protocol Register Number:
CRD42020182008.
The physiological benefits of applying blood flow restriction (BFR) in isolation or in the presence of physical exercise have been widely documented in the scientific literature. Most investigations ...carried out under controlled laboratory conditions have found the technique to be safe. However, few studies have analyzed the use of the technique in clinical settings.To analyze how the BFR technique has been applied by professionals working in the clinical area and the prevalence of side effects (SEs) resulting from the use of this technique.This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 136 Brazilian professionals who perform some function related to physical rehabilitation, sports science, or physical conditioning participated in this study. Participants answered a self-administered online questionnaire consisting of 21 questions related to the professional profile and methodological aspects and SEs of the BFR technique.Professionals reported applying the BFR technique on individuals from different age groups from youth (≤18 years; 3.5%) to older adults (60-80 years; 30.7%), but mainly on people within the age group of 20 to 29 years (74.6%). A total of 99.1% of the professionals coupled the BFR technique with resistance exercise. Their main goals were muscle hypertrophy and physical rehabilitation. The majority (60.9%) of interviewees reported using BFR in durations of less than 5 minutes and the pressure used was mainly determined through the values of brachial blood pressure and arterial occlusion. Moreover, 92% of professionals declared observing at least 1 SE resulting from the BFR technique. Most professionals observed tingling (71.2%) and delayed onset of muscle soreness (55.8%). Rhabdomyolysis, fainting, and subcutaneous hemorrhaging were reported less frequently (1.9%, 3.8%, and 4.8%, respectively).Our findings indicate that the prescription of blood flow restriction technique results in minimal serious side effects when it is done in a proper clinical environment and follows the proposed recommendations found in relevant scientific literature.
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