In this paper we describe and illustrate
Schlegelia longirachis
a new species from montane forest remnants (1200--1900 m) in the Western slope of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia (“Serranía de Las ...Quinchas” and Virolín county) in the Departments of Boyacá and Santander. A root-climbing liana, the new species is contrasted to
S. fuscata
,
S. monachinoi
and
S. parviflora
, the three most morphologically similar species of
Schlegelia
. This new species is differentiated from its putative close relatives by vegetative (texture, colour, pubescence and shape in leaves, bracts, bracteoles pedicel, calyx and corolla), inflorescences as well as floral characters (staminode absent). We provide an updated key to 24 known species of
Schlegelia
. For the identification key,
S. fuscata
and
S. roseiflora
are regarded here as different from
S. parviflora
.
S. urbaniana
is considered a synonym of
S. axillaris
, whereas
S. fastigiata
is separated from
S. sulphurea
as a recognizable species.
Schlegelia
has its center of distribution in Colombia, where 17 of the species are known to occur.
To provide an empirical foundation for estimates of the Amazonian tree diversity, we recently published a checklist of 11,675 tree species recorded to date in the region (ter Steege H, et al. (2016) ...The discovery of the Amazonian tree flora with an updated checklist of all known tree taxa. Scientific Reports 6:29549). From this total of plant records compiled from public databases and literature, widely used in studies on the Amazonian plant diversity, only 6,727 tree species belong to the first taxonomically-vetted checklist published for the region (Cardoso D, et al. (2017) Amazon plant diversity revealed by a taxonomically verified species list. PNAS 114:10695-10700). The striking difference in these two numbers spurred us to evaluate both lists, in order to release an improved Amazonian tree list; to discuss species inclusion criteria; and to highlight the ecological importance of verifying the occurrence of "non-Amazonian" trees in the region through the localization and identification of specimens. A number of species in the 2016 checklist that are not trees, non-native, synonyms, or misspellings were removed and corresponded to about 23% of the names. Species not included in the taxonomically-vetted checklist but verified by taxonomists to occur in Amazonia as trees were retained. Further, the inclusion of recently recorded/new species (after 2016), and recent taxonomic changes added up to an updated checklist including 10,071 species recorded for the Amazon region and shows the dynamic nature of establishing an authoritative checklist of Amazonian tree species. Completing and improving this list is a long-term, high-value commitment that will require a collaborative approach involving ecologists, taxonomists, and practitioners.
Grias lucindoae
, a new species from the Western Andean slopes of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia (Serranía de Las Quinchas), is described and illustrated, and its morphological similarities with ...comparable species are discussed. This new species is a tree between 10 and 15 m tall from montane forest remnants (900–1200 m).
Grias lucindoae
shares several features with
G. angustipetala
and
G. cauliflora
. It differs in the size and pubescence of the leaf blade, pedicels, the number of secondary veins and stamens, calyx dehiscence, size, shape, and color of the petals, and the 4-lobed stigma, which is truncated when mature. Additionally, a table comparing morphological characters of
G. lucindoae
to the other
Grias
species that occur in Colombia is presented, as well as an identification key of the Neotropical species. With this new species, there are now nine species of
Grias
in the flora of Colombia, which, along with Ecuador, are countries with the highest diversity of the genus.
A new species was detected during the examination of specimens of Doliocarpus for the Flora of Ecuador, which is is described and its morphological relationships with its closest allied species are ...discussed. Doliocarpus renneri, from the wet riverine forests of the Cuyabeno (Napo) river, is most similar to D. multiflorus, but differs from that species in its branches, branchlets and petioles covered by black trichomes, the obovate or elliptic-obovate leaves, the shorter inflorescence, the sessile flowers, and the sepals and petals that differ in shape and number. A previously described subspecies is elevated to the rank of species (i.e., Doliocarpus dasyanthus subsp. robustus to D. robustus), and an updated key to the species of Doliocarpus of Ecuador is provided.
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Dostopno za:
BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NMLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Using data from 50 long-term permanent plots from across Venezuelan forests in northern South America, we explored large-scale patterns of stem turnover, aboveground biomass (AGB) and woody ...productivity (AGWP), and the relationships between them and with potential climatic drivers. We used principal component analysis coupled with generalized least squares models to analyze the relationship between climate, forest structure and stem dynamics. Two major axes associated with orthogonal temperature and moisture gradients effectively described more than 90% of the environmental variability in the dataset. Average turnover was 1.91 ± 0.10% year-1 with mortality and recruitment being almost identical, and close to average rates for other mature tropical forests. Turnover rates were significantly different among regions (p < 0.001), with the lowland forests in Western alluvial plains being the most dynamic, and Guiana Shield forests showing the lowest turnover rates. We found a weak positive relationship between AGB and AGWP, with Guiana Shield forests having the highest values for both variables (204.8 ± 14.3 Mg C ha-1 and 3.27 ± 0.27 Mg C ha-1 year-1 respectively), but AGB was much more strongly and negatively related to stem turnover. Our data suggest that moisture is a key driver of turnover, with longer dry seasons favoring greater rates of tree turnover and thus lower biomass, having important implications in the context of climate change, given the increases in drought frequency in many tropical forests. Regional variation in AGWP among Venezuelan forests strongly reflects the effects of climate, with greatest woody productivity where both precipitation and temperatures are high. Overall, forests in wet, low elevation sites and with slow turnover stored the greatest amounts of biomass. Although faster stand dynamics are closely associated with lower carbon storage, stem-level turnover rates and woody productivity did not show any correlation, indicating that stem dynamics and carbon dynamics are largely decoupled from one another.
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Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
The preparation of treatments of Dilleniaceae for the Flora of Colombia and Flora of Ecuador projects required a literature survey, visits to herbaria, and the analysis of types and general ...collections found on the Internet. The results indicate the need to lectotypify several species of Dilleniaceae described by the Colombian botanist José Jerónimo Triana. These taxa are based on specimens collected during Triana's participation in the Colombian Chorographic Commission (“Comisión Corográfica”) from 1851 to 1857, under the supervision of Agustín Giovanni Battista Agostino Codazzi. Lectotypes for the following six species are proposed herein: Davilla densiflora, Ricaurtea congestiflora, Ricaurtea nitida, Tetracera castaneifolia, Tetracera hydrophila, and Tetracera sessiliflora.
Ophiocaryon nicolasii, from the "Camino de los Andaquíes," in the Amazonian slope of the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, Caquetá department, is described and illustrated and its morphological ...relationships with other similar Ophiocaryon species are discussed. This new species is a small tree from the foothills to montane forest (500–1000 m). Morphologically it is related to O. manausense (W.A. Rodrigues) Barneby, but it differs by: smaller leaves, petioles, petiolules, and inflorescences; leaflets with 8–16 secondary veins; leaflets, bracteoles, staminodes and ovary with different shape; margins of .sepals erose. Information about the Andakí region and its ancestral inhabitants is presented. An updated key to the species of Ophiocaryon is provided.
Ophiocaryon nicolasii colectada en el "Camino de Los Andaquíes," en la vertiente amazónica de la cordillera Oriental (Sureste de Colombia) departamento del Caquetá, es descrita e ilustrada y sus relaciones morfológicas con su especie afín son discutidas. Esta nueva especie es un árbol pequeño de bosques del piedemonte y los montanos (500–1000 m), morfológicamente posee similitudes con O. manausense (W.A. Rodrigues) Barneby. Sin embargo, difiere por los pecíolos, peciólulos y las inflorescencias más pequeñas; folíolos con 8–16 venas secundarias, los folíolos, bractéolas, estaminodios y ovario de forma diferentes, y los márgenes de los sépalos erosos. Se incluye información acerca de la región Andaquí, sus habitantes ancestrales, y una clave actualizada de las especies de Ophiocaryon.
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BFBNIB, DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NMLJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
A new species of Eperua from the upper basin of the San Miguel River, Amazonas state, Venezuela, is described and illustrated. Its affinities within the genus are discussed and an updated key to ...identify the 20 currently recognized taxa is provided.
The new name Ouratea cataniapoensis (Ochnaceae) is proposed to replace the illegitimate homonym O. megaphylla. Chorological and taxonomic notes about these taxa also are provided.
Bacopa llanorum, a new species from the seasonally flooded savannas of the “Llanos” region of Colombia (Arauca department) is described and illustrated, and its morphological relationships are ...discussed. On the basis of its dimorphic leaves (the innermost blade filiform, uppermost lanceolate-ovate), the new species does not appear to be allied to any other Bacopa species. However, it shares several other features with B. reptans. A new combination, Bacopa debilis, is proposed to replace Caconapea debilis. In addition, ecological information of the genus in “Los Llanos” of Colombia and Venezuela, and ecological and floristic notes about the eolic-limose plains, are included. A key for identifying species of Bacopa in this region is also provided. Bacopa llanorum is remarkable for its foliar dimorphism, in an otherwise predominantly homomorphic-leaved genus, and it increases to 20 the number of species of the genus in the “Llanos del Orinoco” bioregion.
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