The Legacy of Roland Glowinski Bensoussan, Alain; Pironneau, Olivier
Comptes rendus. Mecanique,
04/2024, Letnik:
351, Številka:
S1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Roland Glowinski published 8 books and more than 300 articles. He was also an editor of many very well cited proceedings. Hence this attempt to summarize his scientific work is not likely to do ...justice to his work. Nevertheless, we will try to extract his major contributions, such as the augmented Lagrangian algorithm, various domain decomposition and fictitious methods and their performance on the Navier–Stokes equations in a moving domain. Roland has created a school of applied mathematicians remarkable by their rigor and efficiency for industrial applications. He marked his time and his books will be authorities as long as computer architectures are similar to their present structures.
The eco-friendly and highly diastereoselective synthesis of substituted cis-2,6-piperidines and cis-2,6-tetrahydropyrans is described. The key step of this method is the iron-catalyzed thermodynamic ...equilibration of 2-alkenyl 6-substituted piperidines and 2-alkenyl 6-substituted tetrahydropyrans allowing the isolation of enriched mixtures of the most stable cis-isomers.
The development of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cells therapy initiated by the United States and China is still currently led by these two countries with a high number of clinical trials, with Europe ...lagging in launching its first trials. In this systematic review, we wanted to establish an overview of the production of CAR-T cells in clinical trials around the world, and to understand the causes of this delay in Europe. We particularly focused on the academic centers that are at the heart of research and development of this therapy. We counted 1087 CAR-T cells clinical trials on ClinicalTrials.gov (Research registry ID: reviewregistry1542) on the date of 25 January 2023. We performed a global analysis, before analyzing the 58 European trials, 34 of which sponsored by academic centers. Collaboration between an academic and an industrial player seems to be necessary for the successful development and application for marketing authorization of a CAR-T cell, and this collaboration is still cruelly lacking in European trials, unlike in the leading countries. Europe, still far behind the two leading countries, is trying to establish measures to lighten the regulations surrounding ATMPs and to encourage, through the addition of fundings, clinical trials involving these treatments.
Abstract
Background
The physical and mental exhaustion of health care workers urgently needs to be addressed as a public health priority. Benefits of music on stress parameters have been extensively ...reported.
Methods
We carried out a systematic review to examine the efficacy of music interventions on stress parameters by selecting studies conducted in genuine care stress conditions. To approach the potential benefit of music therapy (MT) versus music medicine (MM), we followed international music-based intervention guidelines.
Results
Five outcomes were considered in our studies: stress, anxiety, mental workload, burnout risk and psychosomatic symptoms. Corresponding measures, including psychological, physiological questionnaires or stress biological parameters, showed significant results for the majority of them in music groups. Implications of music types, designs and limitations are discussed. Only one study compared MM and MT with an advantage for customized playlists over time.
Conclusions
In spite of heterogeneity, music interventions seem to significantly decrease stress parameters. The individual, customized supports with MT may be a crucial condition for this specific professional category. The impact of MT versus MM, the number of music sessions and the effect over time need to be explored.
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important part of primary health care in Asian countries that has utilized complex herbal formulations (consisting 2 or more medicinal herbs) for treating ...diseases over thousands of years. There seems to be a general assumption that the synergistic therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) derive from the complex interactions between the multiple bioactive components within the herbs and/or herbal formulations. However, evidence to support these synergistic effects remains weak and controversial due to several reasons, including the very complex nature of CHM, misconceptions about synergy and methodological challenges to study design. In this review, we clarify the definition of synergy, identify common errors in synergy research and describe current methodological approaches to test for synergistic interaction. We discuss the strengths and weaknesses of these models in the context of CHM and summarize the current status of synergy research in CHM. Despite the availability of some scientific data to support the synergistic effects of multi-herbal and/or herb-drug combinations, the level of evidence remains low, and the clinical relevancy of most of these findings is undetermined. There remain significant challenges in the development of suitable methods for synergistic studies of complex herbal combinations.
Since the 1960s and the therapeutic use of hematopoietic stem cells of bone marrow origin, there has been an increasing interest in the study of undifferentiated progenitors that have the ability to ...proliferate and differentiate into various tissues. Stem cells (SC) with different potency can be isolated and characterised. Despite the promise of embryonic stem cells, in many cases, adult or even fetal stem cells provide a more interesting approach for clinical applications. It is undeniable that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from bone marrow, adipose tissue, or Wharton’s Jelly are of potential interest for clinical applications in regenerative medicine because they are easily available without ethical problems for their uses. During the last 10 years, these multipotent cells have generated considerable interest and have particularly been shown to escape to allogeneic immune response and be capable of immunomodulatory activity. These properties may be of a great interest for regenerative medicine. Different clinical applications are under study (cardiac insufficiency, atherosclerosis, stroke, bone and cartilage deterioration, diabetes, urology, liver, ophthalmology, and organ’s reconstruction). This review focuses mainly on tissue and organ regeneration using SC and in particular MSC.
Ce débat prend aujourd’hui une acuité particulière. Les enjeux professionnels autour de la démarche qualité, du statut de psychothérapeute, de la place des acteurs de terrain dans l’évaluation de ...leurs pratiques professionnelles, en regard des exigences normatives des tutelles en général ont surement un rôle d’aiguillon. L’essentiel est ailleurs. Il concerne la clinique et la thérapeutique. Le Collège national pour la qualité des soins en psychiatrie donne la parole à ses sociétés savantes partenaires pour aborder ce débat. Il ne s’agit pas de présenter une technique, un moyen thérapeutique partiel ou absolu, mais de chercher à penser l’articulation entre psychiatrie et psychothérapie. La psychiatrie existe-t-elle sans une dimension psychothérapeutique ? Si la réponse est non, quelle est donc cette psychothérapie du psychiatre ? Que faire des modèles de recherche, voire de certaines pratiques qui visent à couper psychiatrie et psychothérapie ? Les thérapies bifocales ou combinées peuvent-elles être appliquées en dehors de grandes villes faute de praticiens ? Comment, en recherche et en pratique clinique, penser l’unité du psychique et du somatique ? Quelles sont les spécificités des psychothérapies structurées pratiquées par des psychiatres par rapport aux psychothérapeutes non psychiatres ? Le CNQSP a posé ces questions à plusieurs de ses sociétés savantes partenaires. Il les a soumises en particulier à la Société internationale de psychopathologie de l’expression et d’art-thérapie, à la Société française de thérapie familiale, à l’Association française de thérapie comportementale et cognitive. Ces différentes sociétés ont, par ailleurs, été sollicitées par le centre de preuves, pour contribuer à un travail essentiel sur la psychothérapie.
The present paper is implementing a numerical application of the Boltzmann–Arrhenius–Zhurkov (BAZ) model and relates to the statistic reliability model derived from the Transition State Theory ...paradigm. It shows how the quantified tool can be applied to determine the associated effective activation energy. The unified multiple stress reliability model for electronic devices is applied to Normally-Off Power GaN transistor technologies to quantify and predict the reliability figures of this electronic type of product when operating under multiple stresses in an embedded system operating under such harsh environment conditions as set for Aerospace, Space, Nuclear, Submarine, Transport or Ground application.
•The generalized BAZ model is refined and adapted to the GaN technology.•We have completed numerical Application on a Normally-off transistor GaN GS66508P-E03 650V enhancement mode manufactured by GaN Systems.•The concept of Maximum Rating limits and burnout conditions have been useful to derive reliability key parameters.•When multiple stresses are applied simultaneously, maximum rating limits values are imbricated to derive equivalent activation energy.•This helps to give reliability quantification rule for effective Ea and related condition of stress to assess RUL (Remaining Useful Life) condition.
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