This study investigates the influence of different nano clay contents (0, 1, 3, and 5 wt% of cement) on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of cement composites reinforced with varying ...Nano cellulose fiber contents (0, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 wt% of cement). Unlike previous research that employed sonication to improve dispersion in the cement matrix, this study explores the effects of unsonicated nano-cellulose addition and the combined incorporation of nano-cellulose and nano-clay. The results demonstrate that these additions significantly enhance the compressive strength, abrasion resistance, and water absorption ratios of the cement composites. Furthermore, the inclusion of nano-clay improves the microstructure of the cement matrix, strengthening the interfacial transition zone and reinforcing the bond between nano-cellulose and the cement matrix. The microstructural analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals the presence of a dense interconnected structure characterized by rod-like crystals. This research contributes to the development of sustainable construction materials by examining the effects of nano-cellulose and nano-clay on the properties and microstructure of cement composites. The utilization of industrial byproducts, such as wood sawdust, for the extraction of nano-cellulose offers an eco-friendly approach to enhance the performance of cement-based materials. The maximum compressive strength obtained, after 28 days, was at mix with 0.75% NCL + 5%NC with a gain of 53.5% than that of the control mix. In mixes containing only nano-clay (NCL), the increase in NCL content led to a higher rate of water absorption in the cement matrix, which reaches 4%. Confirming the results obtained from compressive strength and water absorption, mix with 0.75% NCL and 5% NC had obtained the optimum values with an improvement of 20% than that of the control mix.
The development of sustainable construction materials is a pressing concern for researchers worldwide, as the cement industry is a major contributor to environmental degradation. The incorporation of ...nano-materials with cement composites has emerged as a promising solution to sustainable materials production. In this study, the effect of the addition of nano cellulose produced from wood sawdust waste on the performance of cement-based nano-silica composite was investigated. The nano-materials were incorporated at low concentrations and in gel form to eliminate the need for any advanced dispersion techniques. The results indicated that the addition of even low concentrations of nano cellulose significantly enhanced the compactness and mechanical properties of the cement matrix. The crack propagation was observed to be arrested with better adherence to the cement hydration product, which resulted from the presence of nano-silica. The nano cellulose fibers were found to bridge the calcium silicate hydrate products, arresting the propagation of cracks at their initial condition. The high pozzolanic reactivity of nano-silica ensured a minimal amount of calcium hydroxide, which is a significant contributor to the carbon footprint of cement production. Overall, the findings of this study suggest that the incorporation of nano cellulose from wood sawdust waste with cement-based nano-silica composite can lead to the development of sustainable and high-performance building materials with improved mechanical properties and reduced environmental impact.
Through the use of sustainable and green chemistry concepts, scientists need to decrease waste, conserve energy, and develop safe substitutes for hazardous compounds, all for protecting and ...benefiting society and the environment.
Four novel eco-friendly ion selective electrodes (ISE) were created to determine Ethamsylate (ETM) in bulk powder and different pharmaceutical formulations. The present electrodes were fabricated and evaluated to clearly distinguish ETM from a variety of inorganic, organic ions, sugars, some common drug excipients and the degradation product, hydroquinone (HQ) of ETM, and thus could be used for stability-indicating methods.
The electrodes fabrication was based on 2-nitrophenyl octyl ether (NPOE) that was employed as a plasticizer in electrodes 1, 2, and 3 within a polymeric matrix of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) except for electrode 4, in which dibutyl sebacate was used as a plasticizer. Electrodes 1 & 2 were fabricated using tetra dodecyl ammonium bromide as an anionic exchanger and adding 4-sulfocalix-8-arene as an ionophore only to electrode 2, but electrode 1 prepared without incorporation of an ionophore. The fabrication of electrodes 3 & 4 was based on ethamsylate-tetraphenylborate (ETM-TPB) as an ion-association complex in a PVC matrix. The environmental sustainability was assessed using Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI), and Analytical Greenness Metric for Sample Preparation (AGREEprep).
Electrodes 1 & 2 had linear dynamic ranges of (10-1-10 -5) and (10-1-10 -4) respectively, with a Nernstian slope of 49.6 and 53.2 mV/decade, respectively. Electrodes 3 & 4 had linear dynamic ranges of (10-1-10 -4), with a Nernstian slope of 43.9 and 40.2 mV/decade, respectively.
The generated electrodes' selectivity coefficients showed good selectivity for ETM. The utility 4-sulfocalix-8-arene as ionophore had a significant influence on increasing the membrane sensitivity and selectivity of electrode 2 compared to other electrodes.
The use of marginal liver grafts has become an inevitable option because of the continuous increase in the number of patients awaiting liver transplantation and the severe shortage of suitable ...donors. Recently, several approaches have been adapted to expand the donor pool and improve the outcome of marginal grafts in both deceased and living donor liver transplantation. Accordingly, this review discusses the various types of marginal grafts in both deceased and living donor liver transplantation, their outcome and the up-to-date innovations or strategies to extend the donor pool and improve the patient and graft survival post-transplant.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Summary
In Asian countries, concomitant splenectomy in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is indicated to modulate the portal vein pressure in the small‐sized graft to protect against small ...for size syndrome. While concomitant splenectomy in deceased donor liver transplantation is almost contraindicated based on Western Reports of increased mortality and morbidity rate due to septic complications, there are few studies about that in LDLT. So, we retrospectively investigated the clinical outcome of adult LDLT at Kyoto University Hospital from July 2010 to July 2016. We divided the patients (n = 164) into those with concomitant splenectomy (n = 88) and those without (n = 76). The splenectomy group showed significantly increased operative time and intraoperative blood loss (P = 0.008, P = 0.0007, respectively), and significantly higher rate of postoperative splenic vein thrombosis and cytomegalovirus infection (P = 0.03, P = 0.016, respectively). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups regarding the incidence of postoperative hemorrhage (P = 0.06), post‐transplant bacteremia (P = 0.38), infection‐related mortality rates (P = 0.8), acute rejection (P = 0.87), and patient and graft survival (P = 0.66, P = 0.67 respectively); finally, model for end‐stage liver disease score above 30 was an independent predictor for infection‐related mortality post‐transplant (HR = 5.99, 95% CI = 2.15–16.67, P = 0.001). In conclusion, concomitant splenectomy in LDLT can be safely performed when indicated.
IntroductionThe critical view of safety is an important concept for safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, no standard step-by-step approach for achieving the critical view of safety has been ...established until now. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate a new approach for achieving the critical view of safety using the diagonal line of liver segment IV as an anatomical landmark.Patients and methodsIn this prospective non-randomized study, patients (n= 112) who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis were included. The first 47 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy using the diagonal line approach (DLC group) whereas, the next 65 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy using the conventional method (CLC group). ResultsNo significant difference between both groups regarding the preoperative characteristics, operative time, and intraoperative blood loss. Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy was performed more in the DLC group (6% vs 0%, p= 0.07). Whereas, in the CLC group, there was a tendency towards conversion to open cholecystectomy in difficult cases (6% vs 2%, p= 0.40). No intra- or postoperative complications occurred in either group. ConclusionThe diagonal line approach is a feasible and useful step-by-step technique to achieve the critical view of safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy and enables surgeons to perform safe laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy in difficult cases.
Pulvinaria tenuivalvata (Newstead) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) red soft scale insect is one of the most prevalent insect pests that attacks sugarcane plants. Insecticidal efficiency of six selected ...insecticides (Malatox, Sulfar, Admiral, Nomolt, Tafaban and Biover) was evaluated for their impact against nymphs and adult females of P. tenuivalvata on sugarcane leaves using leave dipping methods. This investigation was carried out for two successive seasons (July 2021-2022) at the laboratory of the Plant Protection Research Department at the El-Mattana Agricultural Research Station, Luxor Governorate, Egypt. Obtained results showed that the tested insecticides varied in efficacy on the different stages of pest (nymphs and adult females). Moreover, the nymphal stage of P.tenuivalvata was more susceptible to the tested pesticides compared to the adult stage. Admiral and nomolt were the most toxic against the nymphal and adult female stages of P. tenuivalvata on sugarcane leaves, sulfar, however, was the least successful in controlling this pest.
A gold nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode (AuCPE) was used to study the electrochemical behavior of sparfloxacin HCl (SPAR) and besifloxacin HCl (BESI) using cyclic and differential pulse ...voltammetry modes in the presence of micellar medium. Effect of different surfactants on peak current was studied in Britton–Robinson buffer solution of pH 2. Sodium dodecyl sulphate is the optimum surfactant based on the enhancement of the peak current. The modified electrode shows highly sensitive sensing giving an excellent response for SPAR and BESI. The peak current varied linearly over the concentration ranges from 1.1 × 10
−7
mol L
−1
to 3.3 × 10
−6
mol L
−1
and from 2.2 × 10
−6
mol L
−1
to 5.5 × 10
−5
mol L
−1
with determination coefficients of 0.9976 and 0.9984 in case of SPAR and BESI, respectively. The recoveries and the relative standard deviations were found in the following ranges: 99.97–101.4% and 0.63–1.48% for SPAR and 99.89–101.1% and 0.85–1.76% for BESI. The detections limits were 2.87 × 10
−8
and 3.76 × 10
−7
mol L
−1
for SPAR and BESI, respectively. The proposed method has been successfully applied to determine SPAR and BESI in biological fluids.
Watchful waiting for communicating hydrocoele in infants Sabra, Tarek Abdelazeem; Abdelgawaad, Moamen Shalkamy; Abdelmohsen, Sarah Magdy ...
Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette /Egyptian Pediatric Association Gazette,
12/2022, Letnik:
70, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Background
One of the commonest pediatric surgeries is hydrocele. There are suggestions to wait for spontaneous resolution than to operate these cases without harmful adverse events. Herein, we ...evaluated the outcome of the watchfulness of these cases over 18 months.
Methods
The study included 93 infants with communicating hydrocele for the Pediatric Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine (Assiut, Egypt). They were planned to be followed up for 18 months, and indications for intervention included hernia, increasing in size, being tense, and completion of 18 months of follow-up without improvement.
Results
The gestational age of the included patients was 38.5 ± 2.2 weeks and the age at the time of presentation was 50 (7, 495) days. Most cases were bilateral, reducible, and had an intermittent course. After 18 months of follow-up, 60.2% of the patients resolved spontaneously and 39.8% were surgically treated. Age at the time of presentation was higher among operated patients. Patients with reducibility criteria on clinical examination and lack of intermittent course had higher frequency among operated patients (89.2%).
Conclusions
It is safe to wait and not to operate on infants with hydrocele up to 18 months as long as there was no hernia. Higher age at presentation and reducibility on examination are indicators that favor the need for surgery.
Purpose: Laparoscopic liver resection is safe, feasible and associated with less blood loss, shorter hospital stays and fewer postoperative complications in the working age patients with malignant ...liver tumors. However, it is still unclear if the elderly patients with malignant liver tumors would also benefit from that approach as the younger patients. So, the aim of the study was to compare the clinical outcomes of laparoscopic versus open liver resection for malignant liver tumors in elderly patients. Materials and Methods: Between March 2009 and July 2016, all elderly patients (≥70 years old) who underwent laparoscopic (n = 40) and open (n = 202) liver resection for malignant liver tumors were included. A one to one propensity score matching analysis was performed, based on 6 covariates, to decrease the selection bias. Results: There was no significant difference between the laparoscopic and open liver resection groups regarding the patient characteristics and tumor features. The operative time was comparable between both groups (Laparoscopic group 259 min vs Open group 308 min, p = .86), while patients who underwent laparoscopic liver resection had lower intraoperative blood loss (30 ml vs 517 ml, p < .0001), shorter hospital stays (10 days vs 23 days, p < .0001), and less overall morbidity (15% vs 38%, p = .04). The one-, three-, and five-year survival for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was comparable between both groups (Laparoscopic group 96%, 74%, 47%, vs Open group 94%, 71%, 48%, p = .82), whereas The one-, three-, and five-year recurrence-free survival for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was significantly higher in the laparoscopic group (88%, 60%, 60% vs 54%, 25%, 19%, p = .019). Conclusions: Laparoscopic approach for minor liver resection in elderly patients is safe and feasible with less blood loss, a shorter hospital stay, less postoperative complications and a better oncological outcome.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IJS, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
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