Numerous approaches have been explored for graph clustering, including those which optimize a global criteria such as modularity. More recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), which have produced ...state-of-the-art results in graph analysis tasks such as node classification and link prediction, have been applied for unsupervised graph clustering using these modularity-based metrics. Modularity, though robust for many practical applications, suffers from the resolution limit problem, in which optimization may fail to identify clusters smaller than a scale that is dependent on properties of the network. In this paper, we propose a new GNN framework which draws from the Potts model in physics to overcome this limitation. Experiments on a variety of real world datasets show that this model achieves state-of-the-art clustering results.
Background: Many patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) report no improvement in the excessive daytime sleepiness, despite compliant CPAP treatment. Associated periodic limb movements (PLMs)with ...OSA might be a cause of failure. Objectives: Our study aimed to assess the increased periodic limb movements index (PLMI) in patients with residual excessive sleepiness (RES) on CPAP and polysomnographic changes caused by the occurrence of PLMs in this group of patients, and predictors of PLMS’s presence. Patients and methods: We searched the electronic medical records of the OSA patients who were followed up in the CPAP outpatient clinic between 2010-2015. Patients who had completed at least one year of treatment were assessed. We included only patients with OSA and RES due to only PLMs (45 patients) (group one) against patients with OSAS, RES and with no definite cause (11 patients) (group two). Results: There was significant difference between both groups(more in group one) in the age and waist circumference (p value 0.04 and 0.017, respectively). There was significantly longer sleep onset latency (28.01 vs. 9.29), lower total sleep time (5.5 vs. 6.6 hours) and lower sleep efficiency percentage (72.44% vs. 87.1 %) in group one than in group two (P-value of 0.042, 0.019 and 0.011, respectively). Also, there were significantly higher means of wake after sleep onset (WASO) and total arousal index in group one than in group two. Waist circumference was the only predictor for increased PLMs index in this population study, by logistic regression with OR (95%CI) 0.168 (0.011-0.324). Conclusion: Increased PLMI during sleep significantly impact the polysomnographic variables. The waist circumference might be the only predictor of increased PLMs index.
Rat liver tryptophan (Trp) pyrrolase activity and gene expression were studied in relation to the alcohol-withdrawal syndrome (AWS). Both activity and gene expression were enhanced after withdrawal ...of ethanol-containing liquid diets and the time-course of these changes mirrored that of development and intensity of the behavioural disturbances of the AWS. By contrast, no correlation was observed between the AWS-induced behaviour and changes in activity of another hepatic glucocorticoid-inducible enzyme, tyrosine aminotransferase, and a negative correlation was noted between behaviour and the gene expression of this latter enzyme and also of that of the hepatic glucocorticoid receptor. We suggest that the metabolic consequences of activation of liver Trp pyrrolase during alcohol withdrawal may play a role in the behavioural features of the AWS.
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