A 64Gb MLC NAND flash memory on 20nm CMOS technology has been developed. 135mm 2 chip size is realized by 1-sided All-Bit-Line architecture and 128 cells in a string. 25MB/s program throughput with ...2-bit/cell is achieved by reducing BL resistance and pump output loading using new BL control method and multi-split block decoder. This device also supports 400MB/s high speed interface.
In patterned wafer bonding process, the debonded area occurring at bonding interface results from the poor wafer flatness of patterned wafer or from the different bonding speed in each position of ...the wafer. By reducing pressure when bonding occurs and by using interlayer films, we observed that the bondability of the patterned wafers enhances. In such a case, the result was also experimentally proved to be effective for the suppression of particles. In order to obtain the accurate alignment of the bonded wafers we specially designed a vacuum bonding machine, which has a function of self-controlled alignment mechanism (Rotating angle of <0.01°, side margin of <100 µ m). Finally, we obtained void free thin silicon on insulator (SOI) device layer not affecting in the successive lithography process.
Gastrointestinal irritation is the most frequent adverse effect in patients chronically taking nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the treatment of arthritic conditions. Gastroprotective ...effect of DA-9601, a new antiulcer agent fromArtemisiae Herba extract, against NSAID was evaluated in a rat model of arthritis that is similar in many aspects to human rheumatoid arthritis. Daily oral dosing of naproxen (30 mg/kg), one of the most commonly used NSAID, induced apparent gastric lesions as well as a significant decrease in mucosal prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and prostaglandin F(1alpha) (PGF(1alpha)) levels. Coadministration of DA-9601 prevents naproxen-induced mucosal injury and depletion, of prostaglandins, in a dose-related manner. DA-9601 did not alter the antiinflammatory or analgesic effect of naproxen. The present results suggest that DA-9601 may be useful as a mucoprotectant against NSAIDs in clinical practice.
A 5Gbp/s mobile memory I/O interface at sub-1.0V supply voltage with Low Voltage-Swing Terminated Logic (LVSTL) using a VSSQ (Ground) termination and an adaptive reference voltage calibration scheme ...is presented. Power efficiency is 2.4mW/Gbps/pin in 20nm mobile DRAM process, which is 44% lower value than that of LPDDR3.
A chip design for body composition analyzer Sung-Hoon Bae; Byoung-Sam Moon; Woo-Jae Lee ...
2006 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference,
2006-Nov.
Conference Proceeding
This paper describes a chip design technique for body composition analyzer based on the BIA (bioelectrical impedance analysis) method. All the functions of signal forcing circuits to the body, signal ...detecting circuits from the body, Micom, SRAM and EEPROMs are integrated in one chip. Especially, multi-frequency detecting method can be applied with selective band pass filter (BPF), which is designed in weak inversion region for low power consumption. In addition, new full wave rectifier (FWR) is also proposed with differential difference amplifier (DDA) for high performance (small die area, low power consumption, rail-to-rail swing). The prototype chip was implemented with 0.35 mum CMOS technology and shows the power dissipation of 6 mW at the supply voltage of 3.3V. The die area of prototype chip is 5 mm times 5 mm.
A new Korean standard for the determination of Cr(VI) in soils has been officially published as ES 07408.1 in 2009. This analytical method is based on the hot alkaline digestion and colorimetric ...detection prescribed by U.S. EPA method 3060A and 7196A. The hot alkaline digestion accomplished using 0.28 M $Na_2CO_3$ and 0.5 M NaOH solution (pH 13.4) at $90{\sim}95^{\circ}C$ determines total Cr(VI) in soils extracting all forms of Cr(VI), including water-soluble, adsorbed, precipitated, and mineral-bound chromates. This aggressive alkaline digestion, however, proved to be problematic for certain soils which contain large amounts of soluble humic substances or active manganese oxides. Cr(III) could be oxidized to Cr(VI) by manganese oxides during the strong alkaline extraction, resulting in overestimation (positive error) of Cr(VI). In contrast, Cr(VI) reduction by dissolved humic matter or Fe(II) could occur during the neutralization and acidic colorimetric detection procedure, resulting in underestimation (negative error) of Cr(VI). Futhermore, dissolved humic matter hampered the colorimetric detection of Cr(VI) using UV/Vis spectrophotometer due to the strong coloration of the filtrate, resulting in overestimation (positive error) of Cr(VI). Without understanding the mechanisms of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) transformation during the analysis it could be difficult to operate the experiment in laboratory and to evaluate the Cr(VI) results. For this reason, in this paper we described the theoretical principles and limitations of Cr(VI) analysis and provided useful guidelines for laboratory work and Cr(VI) data analysis.
In this study, a simple process has been proposed for vertically aligned CNT growth on metal foil and then the applied CNT emitter as electron source for X-ray generation.The CNTs were grown using a ...triode dc-PECVD (plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition). The growth temperature was maintained at 700 degC. To confirm the electron emission of the vertically aligned CNTs on metal foil, emission current was measured using diode structure. A CNT-based X-ray tube which can generate sufficient X-ray flux for diagnostic imaging applications was also demonstrated.
Lymphomatoid granulomatosis usually presents as a primary lung affliction with secondary metastatic spread to the central nervous system(CNS), and its initial manifestation purely as a CNS disease is ...rare. A 57-year-old man with histologically proven lymphomatoid granulomatosis of the brain as the sole manifestation of the disease is presented.
Gastrointestinal irritation is the most frequent adverse effect in patients chronically taking nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for the treatment of arthritic conditions. Gastroprotective ...effect of DA-9601, a new antiulcer agent from Artemisiae Herba extract, against NSAID was evaluated in a rat model of arthritis that is similar in many aspects to human rheumatoid arthritis. Daily oral dosing of naproxen (30 mg/kg), one of the most commonly used NSAID, induced apparent gastric lesions as well as a significant decrease in mucosal prostagiandin $E_2;(PGE_2)$ and prostagiandin F_${1{\alpha}}$$(PGF_{1{\alpha}})$ levels. Coadministration of DA-9601 prevents naproxen-induced mucosal injury and depletion of prostaglandins, in a dose-related manner. DA-9601 did not alter the antiinflammatory or analgesic effect of naproxen. The present results suggest that DA-9601 may be useful as a mucoprotectant against NSAIDs in clinical practice.
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