Background
There is considerable interest in improving the scoring methods for evaluating the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) and to show if this is associated with clinically meaningful ...results from the patient's perspective. We aimed to assess the efficacy and clinical relevance of a 300 index of reactivity (IR) 5‐grass pollen sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) tablet in children, adolescents and adults with moderate to severe grass‐induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) with or without controlled asthma using the combined symptom and medication score CSMS0‐36.
Methods
The data of the European population that participated in 3 Phase III, international, randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled clinical trials were analyzed post hoc.
Results
A total of 864 patients randomized to 300 IR 5‐grass tablet or placebo were analyzed. Over the primary evaluation period, the difference in CSMS0‐36 between the 300 IR and placebo groups was statistically significant (point estimates: −2.51, CI95% −3.88; −1.14, p < 0.0001 in clinical trial1; −2.31, CI95% −3.39; −1.23, p < 0.0001 in CT2; and −2.31, CI95% −3.58; −1.03, p = 0.0004 in CT3). The relative differences between the 300 IR 5‐grass tablet and placebo were −29.7%, −33.8%, and −26.3%, respectively. The results based on CSMS0‐36 were consistent with those obtained with the primary endpoints of the trials and support the consideration of the 2‐point threshold of the CSMS0‐36 for clinical relevance of AIT.
Conclusion
Post hoc analysis of 3 CTs with the 300 IR 5‐grass SLIT tablet confirmed its significant and clinically relevant effect in the European population with grass pollen‐induced ARC with or without controlled asthma.
House dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic rhinitis (AR) is a major cause of allergic respiratory disease. The efficacy and safety of the 300 IR HDM sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) tablet in patients ...with moderate-to-severe HDM-AR was confirmed in a large, international, phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Here, we analyzed the results in the European population.
Data from 91 European centers that participated in the international, double-blind, RCT (EudraCT 2014-004223-46, NCT02443805) with the 300 IR HDM SLIT tablet versus placebo over 12 months were analyzed post hoc. The treatment effect in European adults and adolescents was notably assessed through the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI)-recommended combined symptom and medication score (CSMS
, pre-defined endpoint) and the total combined rhinitis score (TCRS
, post hoc endpoint, also balanced) during the primary evaluation period (4 weeks at the end of treatment period) using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
There were 818 patients who comprised the modified full analysis set in Europe. Over the primary period, the differences in CSMS
and TCRS
between the 300 IR and placebo groups were statistically significant (p < 0.0001): -0.32 (95%CI -0.46; -0.17) and -1.28 (95%CI -1.63; -0.94), respectively, with relative differences of -20.9% and -21.2%. All post hoc and the rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life endpoints were significantly improved with 300 IR versus placebo. The 300 IR HDM tablet was generally well tolerated.
This RCT sub-analysis confirmed the 300 IR HDM SLIT tablet is an effective and safe treatment for European adults and adolescents with HDM-AR with clinically meaningful benefits from the patients' perspective.
NCT02443805. Registered on April 29, 2015./EudraCT 2014-004223-46. Registered on September 16, 2015.
Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma may affect health-related quality of life. However, national estimates on the quality of life of patients with AR or asthma are lacking.
To provide estimates for ...utility scores and EuroQoL five-dimension (EQ-5D) visual analog scale (VAS) for patients with AR or asthma.
We conducted a cross-sectional study using direct patient data from the MASK-air app on European MASK-air users with self-reported AR or asthma. We used a multi-attribute instrument (EQ-5D) to measure quality of life (as utility scores and EQ-5D VAS values). Mean scores were calculated per country and disease control level using multilevel regression models with poststratification, accounting for age and sex biases.
We assessed data from 7905 MASK-air users reporting a total of up to 82,737 days. For AR, utilities ranged from 0.86 to 0.99 for good control versus 0.72 to 0.85 for poor control; EQ-5D VAS levels ranged from 78.9 to 87.9 for good control versus 55.3 to 64.2 for poor control. For asthma, utilities ranged from 0.84 to 0.97 for good control versus 0.73 to 0.87 for poor control; EQ-5D VAS levels ranged from 68.4 to 81.5 for good control versus 51.4 to 64.2 for poor control. Poor disease control was associated with a mean loss of 0.14 utilities for both AR and asthma. For the same control levels, AR and asthma were associated with similar utilities and EQ-5D VAS levels. However, lower values were observed for asthma plus AR compared with AR alone.
Poor AR or asthma control are associated with reduced quality of life. The estimates obtained from mobile health data may provide valuable insights for health technology assessment studies.
