Slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE) has well documented biochemical and mechanical risk factors. Femoral and acetabular morphologies seem to be equally important. Acetabular retroversion has a low ...prevalence in asymptomatic adults. Hips with dysplasia, osteoarthritis, and Perthes' disease, however, have higher rates, ranging from 18% to 48%. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of acetabular retroversion in patients presenting with SUFE using both validated radiological signs and tomographical measurements.
A retrospective review of all SUFE surgical cases presenting to the Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia, from 2012 to 2019 were evaluated. Preoperative plain radiographs were assessed for slip angle, validated radiological signs of retroversion, and standardized postoperative CT scans were used to assess cranial and mid-acetabular version.
In all, 116 SUFEs presented in 107 patients who underwent surgical intervention; 47 (52%) were male, with a mean age of 12.7 years (7.5 to 16.6). Complete radiological data was available for 91 patients (99 hips) with adequate axial CT imaging of both hips. Overall, 82 patients (82%) underwent pinning in situ (PIS), with subcapital realignment surgery (SRS) performed in 17 patients (18%) (slip angles > 75°). Contralateral prophylactic PIS was performed in 72 patients (87%). On the slip side, 62 patients (68%) had one or more radiological sign of retroversion. Tomographical acetabular retroversion was more pronounced cranially than caudally of the acetabulum on both the affected side and the contralateral side (p < 0.001) as expected in the normal population. Increasing severity of the slip was found to be directly proportional to the degree of reduction in cranial and central acetabular version (p < 0.05) in the SUFE hips.
Acetabular retroversion is more prevalent in patients with SUFE than previously reported, and have been shown be correlated to the severity of the slip presentation. The presence of radiological signs of acetabular retroversion could be used to justify prophylactic contralateral pinning. Cite this article:
2022;3(2):158-164.
Acetabular and femoral component positioning are important considerations in reducing adverse outcomes after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Previous assessments of femoral anteversion examined ...anatomic femoral anteversion (AFA) referenced to anatomic landmarks. However, this does not provide a functional understanding of the femur’s relationship to the hip. We investigate a new measurement, functional femoral anteversion (FFA), and sought to measure its variability across a large sample of patients undergoing THA.
A total of 1008 consecutive patients underwent THA surgery between September 2019 and July 2021. All patients were measured for supine and standing functional femoral rotation (FFR), AFA, and FFA.
The mean standing FFA was 13.2° ± 12.2° (−27.8° to 52.3°). The mean change in FFR from supine to standing was −2.2° ± 11.8° (−43.0° to 41.9°). Of all, 161 (16%) patients had standing FFA version greater than 25°. Four hundred sixty (46%) patients had standing FFR (internal or external) greater than 10°. One hundred twenty-three (12%) patients exhibited an increase in external rotation from supine to standing of greater than 10°. A moderate, negative linear relationship was observed between AFA and standing external femoral rotation (P <<.001, R = −0.46), indicating people may externally rotate their femur as AFA decreases with age.
Functional alignment of the femur in patients requiring THA is understudied. It is now understood that the femur, like the pelvis, can rotate substantially between functional positions. Enhancing our understanding of FFA and FFR may improve both acetabular and femoral component positioning.
Iliopsoas impingement occurs in 4% to 30% of patients after undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). Despite a relatively high incidence, there are few attempts at modelling impingement between the ...iliopsoas and acetabular component, and no attempts at modelling this in a representative cohort of subjects. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel computational model for quantifying the impingement between the iliopsoas and acetabular component and validate its utility in a case-controlled investigation.
This was a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent THA surgery that included 23 symptomatic patients diagnosed with iliopsoas tendonitis, and 23 patients not diagnosed with iliopsoas tendonitis. All patients received postoperative CT imaging, postoperative standing radiography, and had minimum six months' follow-up. 3D models of each patient's prosthetic and bony anatomy were generated, landmarked, and simulated in a novel iliopsoas impingement detection model in supine and standing pelvic positions. Logistic regression models were implemented to determine if the probability of pain could be significantly predicted. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to determine the model's sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC).
Highly significant differences between the symptomatic and asymptomatic cohorts were observed for iliopsoas impingement. Logistic regression models determined that the impingement values significantly predicted the probability of groin pain. The simulation had a sensitivity of 74%, specificity of 100%, and an AUC of 0.86.
We developed a computational model that can quantify iliopsoas impingement and verified its accuracy in a case-controlled investigation. This tool has the potential to be used preoperatively, to guide decisions about optimal cup placement, and postoperatively, to assist in the diagnosis of iliopsoas tendonitis.Cite this article:
2023;4(1):3-12.
IntroductionGuidelines for post-operative rehabilitation following periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) have been established. However, the perspectives of patients undergoing PAO within different ...healthcare systems have not been considered. The present study aims were to explore perceived challenges in everyday life and aspirations and expectations of post-operative rehabilitation from the perspectives of Danish and Australian patients with acetabular dysplasia undergoing PAO.Material and MethodsWe used a phenomenological-hermeneutic approach with semi-structured interviews to investigate the perspectives of twenty-six participants (5 males), aged between 15 and 43 years, who underwent a PAO. A purposeful sampling approach on age and sex coupled with criterion was used. Inclusion criteria involved: above 15 years, radiologically verified acetabular dysplasia, PAO within the last seven weeks, and undergoing post-operative rehabilitation. The interviews were analysed with an inductive content analysis approach.ResultsAnalysis of interview transcripts revealed four major themes across country populations: Different expectations, Self-confidence, tailored rehabilitation, and aligning expectations. Within each theme, subthemes emerged, and patterns across countries were identified with minimal variations. Accordingly, the economic burden of self-financed surgery and rehabilitation was challenging for certain Australian participants.ConclusionOur findings elucidate the diverse range of aspirations and expectations among patients undergoing PAO, and how these relate to perceived challenges. Notably, the findings underscore the importance of aligning the expectations between patients and clinicians when tailoring rehabilitation for each patient.
A 2-year-old boy suffered an injury to the acetabular physis resulting in the formation of an osseus bar across all 3 limbs of the triradiate, growth arrest, and secondary hip dysplasia. This ...condition was treated with bony bar resection using an anterior intrapelvic approach. Over a follow-up period of more than 3 years, there was notable restoration of triradiate cartilage growth.
Our case demonstrates that resection of a triradiate bar can be an effective treatment of premature traumatic triradiate closure. Early recognition and intervention are preferable before secondary changes in the acetabulum have fully developed.
Virtual reality (VR) has proved to be a useful technology beyond the field of surgery in areas that are highly dependent on consolidating motor tasks. Despite being reliant on these skills, the ...uptake of VR in orthopaedics has been extremely limited. Therefore, this study's purpose was to help assess the utility of applying this technology in teaching different experience levels of orthopaedic training. Secondary objectives were to assess enjoyability and feasibility to complete modules prior to surgery.
The study explored which experience level of orthopaedic trainee benefits the most from the proposed haptic VR package. Participants completed a total hip arthroplasty module using the Fundamental Surgery package. Qualitative data was collected in the form of a post completion survey of 24 participants. Quantitative data was collected in the form of module completion time and percentage of skills completed.
37.5% of participants rated non-training orthopaedic registrars as the experience level that would benefit the most from using VR. 88% of participants would recommend this module to a colleague and found the module very enjoyable (4.2 out of 5). 50% of participants took between 25 and 31.5 min to finish and completed between 80% and 95% of tasks in the module.
The study demonstrated that non-training orthopaedic registrars were most likely to benefit using this particular VR package. Most users found the experience to be enjoyable and would recommend it to a colleague. It was also deemed feasible to complete the module prior to performing an operation.
ABSTRACT
Femoral head osteonecrosis in the paediatric population is difficult to treat, with the primary goals of management being prevention of subchondral collapse and the avoidance of early total ...hip replacement. This study aims to describe the use of a porous tantalum rod implant to provide mechanical support in preventing femoral head collapse in a paediatric population. A retrospective chart-based analysis of patients with osteonecrosis of the hip was performed at our institution to identify those who had undergone tantalum rod insertion. A total of 10 patients (fives males and five females, median age 12.5 years, 9–18) had tantalum rods implanted between December 2013 and February 2018. One patient was excluded due to follow-up at a different institution. The radiographic degree of osteonecrosis was characterized according to the Ficat classification and the Kerboul angle. Radiographic assessment of pre- and post-operative plain films was performed. The outcome measures were Tonnis grade and percentage collapse of the femoral head. Nine patients with a mean follow-up time of 18.4 months were included in the analysis. There was no significant increase in the femoral head collapse percentage post tantalum rod insertion compared to pre-operatively (P = 0.63). There was a significant increase in the Tonnis grade post-operatively (P < 0.05), with sub-group analysis showing minimal increase in Ficat Stage 1 patients. This study is the first to examine the role of tantalum rod insertion in preventing femoral head collapse in a paediatric population, with results suggesting potential benefit in a subset of patients.
Background
Virtual reality (VR) has been established as a valuable tool outside of medicine but there has been limited uptake in orthopaedics despite being a specialty heavily dependent on ...psychomotor skills. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of setting up an on‐site virtual reality surgical training hub for an orthopaedic surgery unit. A secondary objective was to document encountered hurdles to assist other institutions with a similar process.
Methods
The study explored the logistical and organizational considerations in the process of creating a virtual reality training area. This included: review of location, set up management, funding arrangements, set up time, research opportunities and training time. Set up and completion times were recorded during a separate trial of 24 participants ranging from medical students to senior consultant orthopaedic surgeons.
Results
A VR training area was successfully established over a period of 3 months. A dedicated area for training where the equipment remains permanently was designated to facilitate ease of use. Average set up took 7.5 min to turn the computer on and 25 min for the participants to start the module. Issues identified during set up were recorded.
Conclusions
The study demonstrated that it is possible to set up a dedicated area for virtual reality surgical training within a hospital unit. A dedicated lockable area is the most feasible method of establishing such a space and reduces the requirement to recalibrate and transfer equipment around the hospital.
The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of setting up an on‐site virtual reality surgical training hub for an orthopaedic surgery unit whilst documenting encountered hurdles. The study demonstrated that it is possible to set up a dedicated area for virtual reality.
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