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To date, the utilization of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is found from numerous fields of applications including separation, storage, sensing, and many other miscellaneous ones. ...Their feasibility toward wastewater treatment (WWT) for several pollutants (e.g., heavy metal ions, pesticides, volatile organic pollutants (VOCs), and other hazardous chemicals) has not yet been thoroughly evaluated. Here, we attempted to provide the current technical advances associated with MOF-based WWT in reference to conventional materials. Our review emphasized current perspectives on contamination processes in water systems and performance of MOF in diverse WWT applications.
Exposure to common ionic pollutants, such as heavy metal ions and toxic anions, is a major concern throughout the world due to their potential impacts on human health and the environment. Recently, ...metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with ion-exchange properties have attracted great interest with respect to the capture of diverse hazardous cationic and anionic species. In fact, according to the investigations on these ion exchangers, their sorption capacities are recognized to be considerably superior to conventional materials. This review focused on metal-organic materials as sorbents for ions by surveying MOFs with respect to their exchange/sorption capacities in association with their synthesis and structural characteristics. We also described the recent development in MOF composites and their practical applications toward wastewater treatment. The sorption characteristics were also evaluated among the reported MOFs and then between MOFs and other sorbents. Finally, we described the future prospects for the research and development in materials for ion-exchange based on MOF technology.
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•Heavy and transition metals ions (HTMs) are major concern due to potential health hazards.•Merits/demerits of different sensing techniques are discussed using recent prominent ...studies.•The performance of nanomaterials is discussed for sensing of HTMs.•Nanomaterials are found as the perceptive tool for HTMs sensing.
The widespread pollution of toxic metals has drawn much attention due to its potential to harm both human health and the environment. Recently, a large volume of scientific literature has identified a potent role for nanomaterials in capturing, separating, and probing for such hazardous pollutants. This review discusses the opportunities and challenges in applying nanomaterials to sense hazardous metals in relation to their general working principles. This review evaluates their performance and advantages about conventional analytical methods. Our review also describes the basic features of this developing field to help establish a plan to counteract heavy metal ions contamination.
Cervical cancer is one among the trivial forms of cancer that counts for 6.6% of all females cancers with an estimated 570,000 new cases in 2018. The mortality rate due to cervical cancer is ...approximately 90% in low or middle income countries due to lack of suitable pre-screening procedures and experienced medical staff. Colposcopy images or cervigrams, are the images that capture the cervical region, are considered as the gold standard by the medical experts for the identification and evaluation of cervical cancer. The visual assessment of cervigrams for recognizing cancer suffers from high inter- or intra-variations especially among less or unskilled medical experts. However, this method is dependent on colposcopists’ observation and it is more time consuming, tedious and laborious task which calls for development of computer-aided method for diagnosis of cervical cancer. With the technological advancements, deep learning has been commonly employed for providing automated solutions for disease diagnosis due to its self-learning capability. This paper presents a deep-learning-based method for cervix cancer classification using colposcopy images. The architecture of the proposed method namely, ColpoNet, has been motivated by the DenseNet model because it is computationally more efficient as compared to other models. Further, the method has been tested and validated on the dataset released by the National Cancer Institute and it has been compared with other deep-learning models namely AlexNet, VGG16, ResNet50, LeNet and GoogleNet to check scope of its applicability. The experimental analysis revealed that ColpoNet achieved an accuracy of 81.353% and shows the highest performance rate as compared to other state-of-the-art deep techniques. Such classification system can be deployed in clinics to enhance the early detection of cervical cancer in less developed countries.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) treatment on the microbial inactivation, physicochemical properties, and shelf-life of strawberry fruit with its ...extended in-package storage at room (25 °C) and refrigerated (4 °C) temperature. ACP treatment of 10, 15 and 30 min was studied on strawberry fruit using a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) at 60 kV with an input voltage of 260 V at 50 Hz. The shelf-life of ACP treated strawberry was extended to 5 days at 25 °C and 9 days at 4 °C in sealed ACP package. However, non-treated packaged strawberry was degraded in 2 days. ACP treatment of 15 min resulted in 2 log reduction of microbial load and enhanced the concentration of chlorogenic acid, hyprin, phloretin, vanillin, gallic acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and rutin during in-package storage of 5 day (~ 120 h) at 25 °C with respect to control (
p
< 0.05). In addition, ACP treatment of 15 min at 60 kV was also found to increase the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. However, total soluble solids, pH and moisture were not affected with ACP treatment (
p
> 0.05). Therefore, ACP treatment of 15 min with in-package storage of 5 days (~ 120 h) was found to be advantageous for increasing the shelf-life and functional quality of strawberry fruit.
This research focuses on the development of paper from lignocellulosic agricultural wastes, viz., corn husk (CH), which is an underexplored material and sugarcane baggase (SB), in varying ...proportions, through soda pulping and enhancement of their functionalities through chitosan and beeswax–chitosan emulsion coatings. Fiber digestion was done at optimized conditions; followed by blowing, quenching and then refining of both treated CH and SB pulp to a Canadian Standard Freeness (CSF) of 400–450 mL. The handsheets of 80 GSM (grammage) were prepared as per the standard ISO-5269/1 and were tested for their mechanical and barrier properties as per standard methods of ISO. Handsheets developed from the blend of SB and CH (50:50) and SB fibers (100%) were found to have better mechanical strength (in terms of burst, tensile and tear strength) in comparison to CH fibers (100%). The effect of coatings on mechanical, water resistance, micro-structural, and biodegradable properties of the cellulose papers were also assessed. The chitosan coating significantly improved (p < 0.05) the mechanical properties of papers, the barrier properties against water vapor, moisture and air were also enhanced (up to 85%). Papers coated with beeswax–chitosan emulsion had the longest absorbency time, followed by chitosan-coated and uncoated papers. The results advocated for beeswax–chitosan emulsion as the best among the coatings tested, for aforementioned cellulose papers to enhance their barrier properties.
Graphical Abstract
The intake of tomato in its natural form is comparatively restricted due to its limited shelf-life. Thereby, we investigated the willingness of consumers and optimized the proportions of beverages on ...the basis of the overall liking of the sensory panel. Further, molecular docking was also performed to evaluate the protein-ligand interactions of vitamin C, lycopene, and β-carotene against CR protein. These compounds showed great interactions with the protein targets leading to the enhancement of antioxidant activity. The most acceptable combination (S4 = 50:50 tomato and pineapple juices) was subjected to thermal processing at 70, 80, and 90 °C, respectively. Biochemical parameters such as acidity, vitamin C, non-enzymatic browning, antioxidant capacity, and total phenolics were found to be optimum in the beverage samples treated at 80 °C. It was revealed that the microbial shelf-life of beverages enhanced with an increase in processing temperatures. The untreated beverage samples could only retain a shelf-life of 4 days, however, samples treated at 80 °C for 60 s were rendered fit for 40 ± 2 days. Therefore, with the help of molecular docking, this manuscript assessed the protein-ligand interaction with the thermally induced quality changes in tomato-based beverages.
Public concern over the deleterious effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has grown rapidly due to recognition of their toxicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. The aim of this ...review is to describe the status of PAH pollution among different food types, the route of dietary intake, measures for its reduction, and legislative approaches to control PAH. To this end, a comprehensive review is outlined to evaluate the status of PAH contamination in many important food categories along with dietary recommendations. Our discussion is also extended to describe preventive measures to reduce PAH in food products to help reduce the risks associated with human intake.
Kaempferol and its derivatives are naturally occurring phytochemicals with promising bioactivities. This flavonol can reduce the lipid oxidation in the human body, prevent the organs and cell ...structure from deterioration and protect their functional integrity. This review has extensively highlighted the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective activity of kaempferol. However, poor water solubility and low bioavailability of kaempferol greatly limit its applications. The utilization of advanced delivery systems can improve its stability, efficacy, and bioavailability. This is the first review that aimed to comprehensively collate some of the vital information published on biosynthesis, mechanism of action, bioactivities, bioavailability, and toxicological potential of kaempferol. Besides, it provides insights into the future direction on the improvement of bioavailability of kaempferol for wide applications.
•Acetobacter pasteurianus RSV-4 produce bacterial cellulose on various agro-residues.•Achieved more than 7 g bacterial cellulose/L of tomato juice.•Optimized the process parameters of bacterial ...cellulose production.
In the present investigation, several residues from agro-forestry industries such as rice straw acid hydrolysate, corn cob acid hydrolysate, tomato juice, cane molasses and orange pulp were evaluated as the economical source for the production of bacterial cellulose. The bacterial cellulose attained the significant yield of 7.8 g/L using tomato juice, followed by 3.6 g/L using cane molasses and 2.8 g/L using orange pulp after 7 days of incubation. Furthermore, the optimum pH and temperature of fermentation for maximum production of bacterial cellulose was 4.5 and 30 ± 1 °C. The identified bacterium Acetobacter pasteurianus RSV-4 has been deposited at repository under the accession number MTCC 25117. The produced bacterial cellulose was characterized through FTIR, SEM, TGA and DSC and found to be of very good quality. The bacterial cellulose produced by identified strain on these various agro-waste residues could be a cost effective technology for commercial its production.
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