In last twenty years, the significant development of AIE materials has been witnessed. A number of small molecules, polymers and composites with AIE activity have been synthesized, with some of these ...exhibiting great potential in optoelectronics and biomedical applications. Compared to AIE small molecules, macromolecular systems-especially well-defined AIE polymers-have been studied relatively less. Controlled polymerization methods provide the efficient synthesis of well-defined AIE polymers with varied monomers, tunable chain lengths and narrow dispersity. In particular, the preparation of single-fluorophore polymers through AIE molecule-initiated polymerization enables the systematic investigation of the structure-property relationships of AIE polymeric systems. Here, the main polymerization techniques involved in these polymers are summarized and the key parameters that affect their photophysical properties are analyzed. The author endeavored to collect meaningful information from the descriptions of AIE polymer systems in the literature, to find connections by comparing different representative examples, and hopes eventually to provide a set of general guidelines for AIE polymer design, along with personal perspectives on the direction of future research.
The last two decades have witnessed a significant development of fluorescent chemosensors with high sensitivity and selectivity, fast response and in situ detection ...
3D printing has revolutionized the way of manufacturing with a huge impact on various fields, in particular biomedicine. Vat photopolymerization‐based 3D printing techniques such as stereolithography ...(SLA) and digital light processing (DLP) attract considerable attention owing to their superior print resolution, relatively high speed, low cost, and flexibility in resin material design. As one key element of the SLA/DLP resin, photoinitiators or photoinitiating systems have experienced significant development in recent years, in parallel with the exploration of 3D printing (macro)monomers. The design of new photoinitiating systems cannot only offer faster 3D printing speed and enable low‐energy visible light fabrication, but also can bring new functions to the 3D printed products and even generate new printing methods in combination with advanced optics. This review evaluates recent trends in the development and application of advanced photoinitiators and photoinitiating systems for vat photopolymerization 3D printing, with a wide range of small molecules, polymers, and nanoassemblies involved. Personal perspectives on the current limitations and future directions are eventually provided.
This review summarizes emerging trends in the development and application of advanced photoinitiators and photoinitiating systems for vat photopolymerization 3D printing. Blue‐to‐NIR light photoinitiators, reversible addition−fragmentation chain‐transfer (RAFT) photoinitiating systems, functional photoswitches, macrophotoinitiators, and nanophotoinitiators based on a wide range of small molecules, polymers, and nanoassemblies are discussed.
An aqueous ratiometric ESIPT sensor with a 87 nM (15.4 ppb) detection limit was successfully synthesized and applied for detection of all oxidation states of palladium species.
A colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent chemosensor for F(-) has been prepared, which is based on combination of desilylation reaction and excited-state proton transfer from the desilylation ...product to F(-). The sensor exhibits rapid response, excellent selectivity and sensitivity to F(-).
Through-space charge transfer (TSCT) has attracted increasing attention owing to its great potential in designing efficient light-emitting molecules and polymers. Complementary to through-bond charge ...transfer and Förster resonance energy transfer, TSCT offers an alternative approach for the manipulation of molecular fluorescence. Recently, the synergy between TSCT and polymer systems through polymerization-mediated charge transfer has fostered the advancements of innovative light-emitting functional materials featuring thermally activated delayed fluorescence and/or aggregation-induced emission. This perspective highlights the significant progress in tailoring emission properties through structural engineering of donor and acceptor groups within polymeric systems, leveraging the TSCT mechanism. This strategy has transcended the limitations of traditional charge transfer systems with its tolerance to extended donor–acceptor distance, paving the way for novel applications beyond organic light-emitting diodes. The discussion concludes with a forward-looking analysis of potential future research trajectories in the field of polymerization-mediated charge transfer for developing next-generation light-emitting materials.
Recently, ratiometric pH nanosensors have emerged as a robust tool for the fluorescence sensing and imaging, but there is no report of ratiometric sensors based on hyperbranched polymers for ...intracellular pH sensing. Herein, we describe the first example of hyperbranched polymer-based tunable fluorescent pH nanosensor with aggregation-induced emission activity, which exhibits great potential for ratiometric sensing of intracellular pH. These polymer nanoparticles can selectively accumulate in the acidic organelles of living cells by endocytosis process, and no obvious cytotoxicity was observed. The quantitative analysis of the intracellular pH values in HeLa cells was successfully conducted based on this new sensing platform. This platform provides a new choice for future developments of ratiometric fluorescent nanosensors, targeting not only protons but also a variety of other analytes of biological interest, such as metal ions, anions, and other biomolecules.
To date, several types of airway stents are available to treat central airway obstructions. However, the ideal stent that can overcome anatomical, mechanical and microbiological issues is still ...awaited. In addition, therapeutic effect and self-elimination of these stents are desirable properties, which pose an additional challenge for development and manufacturing. We aimed to create a prototype bioresorbable tracheal stent with acceptable clinical tolerance, fit and biocompatibility, that could be tested in a rabbit model and in the future be further optimized to enable drug-elution and ensure local therapeutic effect. Twenty-one New Zealand White Rabbits received five different types of bioresorbable tracheal stents, 3D-printed from poly(D,L-lactide-co-epsilon-caprolactone) metacrylates. Various configurations were tested for their functionality and improved until the best performing prototype could undergo detailed in vivo assessment, regarding clinical tolerance, migration and biocompatibility. Previously tested types of 3D printed stents in our preliminary study required improvement due to several problems, mainly related to breakage, unreliable stability and/or migration within the trachea. Abandoned or refined pre-prototypes were not analyzed in a comparative way. The final best performing prototype stent (GSP2 (Group Stent Prototype 2), n = 8) allowed a transoral application mode and showed good clinical tolerance, minimal migration and acceptable biocompatibility. The good performance of stent type GSP2 was attributed to the helix-shaped surface structure, which was therefore regarded as a key-feature. This prototype stent offers the possibility for further research in a large animal model to confirm the promising data and assess other properties such as bioresorption.
Celotno besedilo
Dostopno za:
DOBA, IZUM, KILJ, NUK, PILJ, PNG, SAZU, SIK, UILJ, UKNU, UL, UM, UPUK
Digital Light Processing
In article number 2200202, Yinyin Bao analyzes the emerging trends in the development and application of advanced photoinitiators and photoinitiating systems for vat ...photopolymerization 3D printing. A wide range of small molecules, polymers and nanoassemblies involving blue‐to‐NIR light photoinitiators, reversable addition fragmentation chain transfer photoinitiating systems, functional photoswitches, macrophotoinitiators, and nanophotoinitiators, are discussed.
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